2005年Eurographics HDR图形技术教程：从采集到显示

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"高动态范围（High Dynamic Range, HDR）技术在图形学中的应用从采集到显示：2005年Eurographics教程综述该教程是2005年Eurographics会议上的一次重要讲座，由Karol Myszkowski和Wolfgang Heidrich共同组织，两位专家分别来自MPI Informatik和The University of British Columbia。课程的主题聚焦于高动态范围图像和视频处理的全面流程，从原始数据的获取开始，涵盖压缩、质量评估，直至最终的显示。教程的主要目标是回应近年来HDR技术的显著发展和广泛应用，这带来了丰富的机遇和挑战。课程内容深入讲解了HDR图像处理的各个环节，包括但不限于： 1. **HDR数据采集**：介绍了如何在实际环境中捕获高动态范围的数据，可能涉及到多相机阵列、激光扫描等先进设备和技术。 2. **数据处理与压缩**：探讨了如何高效地存储和传输这些高分辨率数据，包括HDR格式的设计、编码算法以及压缩策略，以降低存储和传输需求。 3. **质量评估**：课程强调了如何衡量和优化HDR图像的质量，包括但不限于视觉感知模型、图像重建误差分析等，确保显示效果符合用户期望。 4. **HDR显示技术**：讨论了如何将HDR内容适配到各种显示器，包括如何通过 tone mapping（色调映射）技术将高动态范围转换为低动态范围以适应普通显示器的显示能力。 5. **实际案例分析**：分享了HDR技术在科研实验室和工业领域的成功应用实例，展示了其在游戏开发、电影制作、建筑设计等多个场景中的实际价值。 6. **人类感知与设计选择**：课程还涉及了对人类视觉系统的理解，这对于理解HDR算法背后的原理和优化决策至关重要。 7. **实用工具和装备**：介绍了用于HDR图像处理的软件工具和硬件设备，帮助参与者掌握最新技术并将其应用于实际项目中。通过这次全面的教程，参与者不仅可以了解HDR技术的最新进展，还能学习如何在实际工作和研究中有效地应用这些技术，从而推动图形学领域的发展。"

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EG2005 Tutorial 7 - High Dynamic Range Techniques in Graphics

EG 2005 Tutorial 7: HDR Techniques in Graphics Michael Goesele

Tutorial 7

High Dynamic Range Techniques in

Graphics: Acquisition to Display

Tutorial 7

High Dynamic Range Techniques in

Graphics: Acquisition to Display

Michael Goesele

MPI Informatik

Michael Goesele

MPI Informatik

HDR Acquisition Techniques for

Still Images and Video

HDR Acquisition Techniques for

Still Images and Video

EG 2005 Tutorial 7: HDR Techniques in Graphics Michael Goesele

Dynamic Range of Cameras

• example: photographic camera with standard CCD sensor

– dynamic range of sensor 1:1000

– exposure variation (handheld camera/non-

static scene): 1/60

s – 1/6000

s exposure time 1:100

– varying aperture f/2.0 – f/22.0 ~1:100

– exposure bias/varying “sensitivity” 1:10

– total (sequential) 1:100,000,000

• simultaneous dynamic range still only 1:1000

•

similar situation for analog cameras

EG 2005 Tutorial 7: HDR Techniques in Graphics Michael Goesele

High Dynamic Range (HDR)

Imaging

High Dynamic Range (HDR)

Imaging

• basic idea of multi-

exposure techniques:

– combine multiple images with

different exposure settings

– makes use of available

sequential dynamic range

• other techniques available

(e.g. HDR video)

EG 2005 Tutorial 7: HDR Techniques in Graphics Michael Goesele

A Brief History of HDR

Imaging

A Brief History of HDR

Imaging

• analog film with several emulsions of

different sensitivity levels by Wyckoff in the

1960s

– Charles W. Wyckoff and Stan A. Feigenbaum. An

Experimental Extended Exposure Response Film.

SPIE, 1:117–125, 1963.

– dynamic range of about 1:10

or 160 dB

EG 2005 Tutorial 7: HDR Techniques in Graphics Michael Goesele

A Brief History of HDR

Imaging

A Brief History of HDR

Imaging

• some methods assume linear response

– Brian C. Madden. Extended Intensity Range

Imaging. Technical report, University of

Pennsylvania, GRASP Laboratory, 1993.

– correct for raw CCD data

– takes value from brightest non-saturated image

EG 2005 Tutorial 7: HDR Techniques in Graphics Michael Goesele

A Brief History of HDR

Imaging

A Brief History of HDR

Imaging

• response curve first recovered by Mann and

Picard

– Steve Mann and Rosalind W. Picard. On being

‘undigital’ with digital cameras: Extending

Dynamic Range by Combining Differently

Exposed Pictures. In IS&T’s 48th Annual

Conference, pages 422–428, 1995.

– looks only at a single pixel in several images with

varying exposure times

EG2005 Tutorial 7 - High Dynamic Range Techniques in Graphics

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2005年Eurographics HDR图形技术教程：从采集到显示

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