Linux内核802.11驱动开发：mac80211子系统详解

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"mac80211_2.6.29.pdf 是一份关于Linux内核中的802.11无线网络驱动技术的文档，由Johannes Berg撰写。这份文档主要阐述了mac80211子系统与底层硬件驱动之间的接口，适用于那些在硬件或固件中只实现部分功能的802.11设备。mac80211是Linux内核中的一个关键组件，用于处理802.11标准的无线通信协议，它与具体的硬件驱动协同工作，提供完整的无线网络功能。文档内容可能不完整，因为并非所有的文档注释都已转换完成。尽管如此，它仍然提供了一个关于如何与mac80211子系统交互的详细指南，这对于想要开发或理解Linux WiFi驱动的开发者来说是极其宝贵的资料。这份文档遵循GNU General Public License v2的开源协议，允许自由地分发和修改，但同时也明确指出没有任何保修，无论是明示还是暗示的，包括对于特定用途的适用性的保证。用户在使用时应自行承担风险。若未随文档一同收到GPLv2许可证副本，可向Free Software Foundation查询。 mac80211子系统的功能包括但不限于：管理无线连接、处理射频控制、帧的编码和解码、无线信道的选择、功率管理、以及与其他无线设备的同步等。对于硬件驱动开发者，理解mac80211提供的接口和如何正确集成至关重要，这将确保硬件能有效地与Linux内核协同工作，提供稳定和高效的无线网络服务。通过阅读这份文档，开发者可以学习到如何处理如扫描网络、建立连接、维护链路状态、处理数据包传输等任务。同时，也会了解到如何处理硬件特有的特性，比如硬件加速、射频调谐等。此外，文档还可能涵盖了错误处理、性能优化以及与其他内核组件的协作等方面的知识。 mac80211_2.6.29.pdf是一份深入的技术参考资料，对于那些参与Linux WiFi驱动开发或者希望深入了解802.11无线网络协议栈的人来说，是一份不可或缺的学习材料。"

Chapter 1. Basic hardware handling

add_interface

Called when a netdevice attached to the hardware is enabled. Because it is not called for monitor

mode devices, start and stop must be implemented. The driver should perform any initialization

it needs before the device can be enabled. The initial conﬁguration for the interface is given in the

conf parameter. The callback may refuse to add an interface by returning a negative error code

(which will be seen in userspace.) Must be implemented.

remove_interface

Notiﬁes a driver that an interface is going down. The stop callback is called after this if it is the last

interface and no monitor interfaces are present. When all interfaces are removed, the MAC address

in the hardware must be cleared so the device no longer acknowledges packets, the mac_addr

member of the conf structure is, however, set to the MAC address of the device going away. Hence,

this callback must be implemented.

conﬁg

Handler for conﬁguration requests. IEEE 802.11 code calls this function to change hardware

conﬁguration, e.g., channel.

conﬁg_interface

Handler for conﬁguration requests related to interfaces (e.g. BSSID changes.)

bss_info_changed

Handler for conﬁguration requests related to BSS parameters that may vary during BSS’s lifespan,

and may affect low level driver (e.g. assoc/disassoc status, erp parameters). This function should not

be used if no BSS has been set, unless for association indication. The changed parameter indicates

which of the bss parameters has changed when a call is made.

conﬁgure_ﬁlter

Conﬁgure the device’s RX ﬁlter. See the section “Frame ﬁltering” for more information. This

callback must be implemented and atomic.

set_tim

Set TIM bit. mac80211 calls this function when a TIM bit must be set or cleared for a given STA.

Must be atomic.

set_key

See the section “Hardware crypto acceleration” This callback can sleep, and is only called between

add_interface and remove_interface calls, i.e. while the interface with the given local_address is

enabled.

update_tkip_key

See the section “Hardware crypto acceleration” This callback will be called in the context of Rx.

Called for drivers which set IEEE80211_KEY_FLAG_TKIP_REQ_RX_P1_KEY.

Chapter 1. Basic hardware handling

hw_scan

Ask the hardware to service the scan request, no need to start the scan state machine in stack. The

scan must honour the channel conﬁguration done by the regulatory agent in the wiphy’s registered

bands. When the scan ﬁnishes, ieee80211_scan_completed must be called; note that it also

must be called when the scan cannot ﬁnish because the hardware is turned off! Anything else is a

bug!

get_stats

return low-level statistics

get_tkip_seq

If your device implements TKIP encryption in hardware this callback should be provided to read the

TKIP transmit IVs (both IV32 and IV16) for the given key from hardware.

set_rts_threshold

Conﬁguration of RTS threshold (if device needs it)

sta_notify

Notiﬁes low level driver about addition, removal or power state transition of an associated station,

AP, IBSS/WDS/mesh peer etc. Must be atomic.

conf_tx

Conﬁgure TX queue parameters (EDCF (aifs, cw_min, cw_max), bursting) for a hardware TX

queue.

get_tx_stats

Get statistics of the current TX queue status. This is used to get number of currently queued packets

(queue length), maximum queue size (limit), and total number of packets sent using each TX queue

(count). The ’stats’ pointer points to an array that has hw->queues + hw->ampdu_queues items.

get_tsf

Get the current TSF timer value from ﬁrmware/hardware. Currently, this is only used for IBSS

mode debugging and, as such, is not a required function. Must be atomic.

reset_tsf

Reset the TSF timer and allow ﬁrmware/hardware to synchronize with other STAs in the IBSS. This

is only used in IBSS mode. This function is optional if the ﬁrmware/hardware takes full care of TSF

synchronization.

tx_last_beacon

Determine whether the last IBSS beacon was sent by us. This is needed only for IBSS mode and the

result of this function is used to determine whether to reply to Probe Requests.

ampdu_action

Perform a certain A-MPDU action The RA/TID combination determines the destination and TID

we want the ampdu action to be performed for. The action is deﬁned through

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