Charles Petzold的编程Windows10周年纪念版

需积分: 0 165 浏览量更新于2024-07-29 收藏 3.23MB PDF 举报

"Programming Windows - Charles Petzold 的经典著作，关于Windows程序设计" "Programming Windows"是Charles Petzold撰写的一本权威书籍，专注于讲解Windows程序设计。这本书自1998年出版以来，因其深入浅出的讲解和实用的编程示例而备受赞誉，被誉为该领域的经典之作。此次提到的是其10周年纪念版，作者认为这是迄今为止最好的版本。作者Charles Petzold在书中详细阐述了Windows API（应用程序接口）的使用，涵盖了从基本的窗口创建到复杂的系统交互过程。对于想要理解和掌握Windows平台上的软件开发的程序员来说，这本书提供了全面且深入的指导。读者将学习如何使用C或C++语言来编写Windows应用程序，了解事件处理、图形绘制、多线程编程、内存管理等核心概念。 Petzold在书中不仅讲解了技术细节，还分享了他在编写早期Windows程序时的经验和见解。此外，他还鼓励读者在他的网站www.cpetzold.com上查找更新信息，包括可能的错误报告和新的代码示例。读者可以通过电子邮件(charles@cpetzold.com)与他交流，虽然他可能无法回答所有问题，但他愿意尽力帮助解决遇到的问题。这本书的成功也归功于Microsoft Press的工作人员，他们在编辑和出版过程中做出了巨大贡献。同时，早期的微软Windows开发者和其他业界人士也为这本书提供了宝贵的帮助。Petzold在书中特别感谢了他的家人、朋友，特别是那些在他写作期间给予支持的新朋友们，他们的鼓励使这本书成为可能。 “Programming Windows”是一本不可或缺的参考资料，无论你是初学者还是有经验的开发者，都能从中获益匪浅，深入理解Windows操作系统背后的编程原理。通过阅读这本书，读者将能够熟练地利用Windows API开发高效、稳定的桌面应用程序。

notice KERNEL32.LIB, USER32.LIB, and GDI32.LIB. These are "import libraries" for the three major Windows

subsystems. They contain the dynamic-link library names and reference information that is bound into the .EXE file.

Windows uses this information to resolve calls from the program to functions in the KERNEL32.DLL,

USER32.DLL, and GDI32.DLL dynamic-link libraries.

In the Visual C++ Developer Studio, you can compile and link the program in different configurations. By default,

these are called Debug and Release. The executable files are stored in subdirectories of these names. In the Debug

configuration, information is added to the .EXE file that assists in debugging the program and in tracing through the

program source code.

If you prefer working on the command line, the companion CD-ROM contains .MAK (make) files for all the sample

programs. (You can tell the Developer Studio to generate make files by choosing Options from the Tools menu and

selecting the Build tab. There's a check box to check.) You'll need to run VCVARS32.BAT located in the BIN

subdirectory of the Developer Studio to set environment variables. To execute the make file from the command line,

change to the HELLOMSG directory and execute:

NMAKE /f HelloMsg.mak CFG="HelloMsg _ Win32 Debug"

NMAKE /f HelloMsg.mak CFG="HelloMsg _ Win32 Release"

You can then run the .EXE file from the command line by typing:

DEBUG\HELLOMSG

RELEASE\HELLOMSG

I have made one change to the default Debug configuration in the project files on the companion CD-ROM for this

book. In the Project Settings dialog box, after selecting the C/C++ tab, in the Preprocessor Definitions field I have

defined the identifier UNICODE. I'll have much more to say about this in the next chapter.

This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot

A Brief History of Character Sets

It is uncertain when human beings began speaking, but writing seems to be about six thousand years old. Early writing

was pictographic in nature. Alphabets in which individual letters correspond to spoken sounds came about just three

thousand years ago. Although the various written languages of the world served fine for some time, several

nineteenth-century inventors saw a need for something more. When Samuel F. B. Morse developed the telegraph

between 1838 and 1854, he also devised a code to use with it. Each letter in the alphabet corresponded to a series

of short and long pulses (dots and dashes). There was no distinction between uppercase and lowercase letters, but

numbers and punctuation marks had their own codes.

Morse code was not the first instance of written language being represented by something other than drawn or

printed glyphs. Between 1821 and 1824, the young Louis Braille was inspired by a military system for writing and

reading messages at night to develop a code for embossing raised dots into paper for reading by the blind. Braille is

essentially a 6-bit code that encodes letters, common letter combinations, common words, and punctuation. A

special escape code indicates that the following letter code is to be interpreted as uppercase. A special shift code

allows subsequent letter codes to be interpreted as numbers.

Telex codes, including Baudot (named after a French engineer who died in 1903) and a code known as CCITT #2

(standardized in 1931), were 5-bit codes that included letter shifts and figure shifts.

American Standards

Early computer character codes evolved from the coding used on Hollerith ("do not fold, spindle, or mutilate") cards,

invented by Herman Hollerith and first used in the 1890 United States census. A 6-bit character code known as

BCDIC ("Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code") based on Hollerith coding was progressively extended to the

8-bit EBCDIC in the 1960s and remains the standard on IBM mainframes but nowhere else.

The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) had its origins in the late 1950s and was finalized

in 1967. During the development of ASCII, there was considerable debate over whether the code should be 6, 7, or

8 bits wide. Reliability considerations seemed to mandate that no shift character be used, so ASCII couldn't be a

6-bit code. Cost ruled out the 8-bit version. (Bits were very expensive back then.) The final code had 26 lowercase

letters, 26 uppercase letters, 10 digits, 32 symbols, 33 control codes, and a space, for a total of 128 codes. ASCII

is currently documented in ANSI X3.4-1986, "Coded Character Sets 7-Bit American National Standard Code for

Information Interchange (7-Bit ASCII)," published by the American National Standards Institute. Figure 2-1 shows

ASCII (for the zillionth time), very similar to how it appears in the ANSI document.

0- 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7-

-0 NUL DLE SP 0 @ P ` p

-1 SOH DC1 ! 1 A Q a q

-2 STX DC2 " 2 B R b r

-3 ETX DC3 # 3 C S c s

-4 EOT DC4 $ 4 D T d t

-5 ENQ NAK % 5 E U e u

-6 ACK SYN & 6 F V f v

-7 BEL ETB ' 7 G W g w

-8 BS CAN ( 8 H X h x

-9 HT EM ) 9 I Y I y

-A LF SUB * : J Z j z

This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot

-B VT ESC + ; K [ k {

-C FF FS , L \ l |

-D CR GS - M ] m }

-E SO RS . N ^ n ~

-F SI US / ? O _ o DEL

Figure 2-1. The ASCII character set.

There are a lot of good things you can say about ASCII. The 26 letter codes are contiguous, for example. (This is

not the case with EBCDIC.) Uppercase letters can be converted to lowercase and back by flipping one bit. The

codes for the 10 digits are easily derived from the value of the digits. (In BCDIC, the code for the character "0"

followed the code for the character "9"!)

Best of all, ASCII is a very dependable standard. No other standard is as prevalent or as ingrained in our keyboards,

video displays, system hardware, printers, font files, operating systems, and the Internet.

The World Beyond

The big problem with ASCII is indicated by the first word of the acronym. ASCII is truly an American standard, and

it isn't even good enough for other countries where English is spoken. Where is the British pound symbol ( ), for

instance?

English uses the Latin (or Roman) alphabet. Among written languages that use the Latin alphabet, English is unusual in

that very few words require letters with accent marks (or "diacritics"). Even for those English words where diacritics

are traditionally proper, such as coöperate or résumé, the spellings without diacritics are perfectly acceptable.

But north and south of the United States and across the Atlantic are many countries and languages where diacritics

are much more common. These accent marks originally aided in adopting the Latin alphabet to the differences in

spoken sounds among these languages. Journey farther east or south of Western Europe, and you'll encounter

languages that don't use the Latin alphabet at all, such as Greek, Hebrew, Arabic, and Russian (which uses the

Cyrillic alphabet). And if you travel even farther east, you'll discover the ideographic Han characters of Chinese,

which were also adopted in Japan and Korea.

The history of ASCII since 1967 is mostly a history of attempts to overcome its limitations and make it more

applicable to languages other than American English. In 1967, for example, the International Standards Organization

(ISO) recommended a variant of ASCII with codes 0x40, 0x5B, 0x5C, 0x5D, 0x7B, 0x7C, and 0x7D "reserved

for national use" and codes 0x5E, 0x60, and 0x7E labeled as "may be used for other graphical symbols when it is

necessary to have 8, 9, or 10 positions for national use." This is obviously not the best solution to internationalization

because there's no guarantee of consistency. But it indicates how desperate people were to successfully code

symbols necessary to various languages.

Extending ASCII

By the time the early small computers were being developed, the 8-bit byte had been firmly established. Thus, if a

byte were used to store characters, 128 additional characters could be invented to supplement ASCII. When the

original IBM PC was introduced in 1981, the video adapters included a ROM-based character set of 256

characters, which in itself was to become an important part of the IBM standard.

The original IBM extended character set included some accented characters and a lowercase Greek alphabet (useful

for mathematics notation), as well as some block-drawing and line-drawing characters. Additional characters were

also assigned to the code positions of the ASCII control characters, because the bulk of these control characters

This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot

were not required.

This IBM extended character set was burned into countless ROMs on video boards and in printers, and it was used

by numerous applications to decorate their character-mode displays. However, this character set did not include

enough accented letters for all Western European languages that used the Latin alphabet, and it was not quite

appropriate for Windows. Windows didn't need line-drawing characters because it had an entire graphics system.

In Windows 1.0 (released in November 1985), Microsoft didn't entirely abandon the IBM extended character set,

but it was relegated to secondary importance. The native Windows character set was called the "ANSI character

set" because it was based on a draft ANSI and ISO standard, which eventually became ANSI/ISO 885911987,

"American National Standard for Information Processing 8-Bit Single-Byte Coded Graphic Character Sets Part 1:

Latin Alphabet No 1." This is also known more simply as "Latin 1."

The original version of the ANSI character set as printed in the Windows 1.0 Programmer's Reference is shown in

Figure 2-2.

0- 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- A- B- C- D- E- F-

-0 * * 0 @ P ` p * * À à ð

-1 * * ! 1 A Q a q * * Á Ñ á ñ

-2 * * " 2 B R b r * * Â ò â ò

-3 * * # 3 C S c s * * Ã ó ã ó

-4 * * $ 4 D T d t * * Ä ô ä ô

-5 * * % 5 E U e u * * Å õ å õ

-6 * * & 6 F V f v * * Æ ö æ ö

-7 * * ' 7 G W g w * * Ç * ç *

-8 * * ( 8 H * h * * * È ø è ø

-9 * * ) 9 I Y I y * * É Ù é ù

-A * * * : J Z j z * * Ê Ú ê ú

-B * * + ; K [ k { * * Ë ë û

-C * * , < L \ l | * * Ì Ü ì ü

-D * * - = M ] m } * * Í Ý í ý

-E * * . > N ^ n ~ * * Î Þ î þ

-F * * / ? * _ o DEL * * Ï ß ï ÿ

* - not applicable

Figure 2-2. The Windows ANSI character set (based on ANSI/ISO 8859-1).

The hollow rectangles indicate codes for which characters are not defined. This is close to how ANSI/ISO 8859-1

was ultimately defined. ANSI/ISO 8859-1 shows only graphic characters, not control characters, so it does not

define the DEL. In addition, code 0xA0 is defined as a nonbreaking space (which means that it's a space that

shouldn't be used to break a line when formatting), and code 0xAD is a soft hyphen (which means that it shouldn't be

displayed unless it's used to break a word at the end of a line). Also, ANSI/ISO 8859-1 defines codes 0xD7 as a

This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot

剩余1279页未读，继续阅读

mokanvon

粉丝: 0
资源: 5

Charles Petzold的编程Windows10周年纪念版

Programming Windows(5th)(中英文全）

Programming Windows with MFC中文版 pdf 下载地址

Programming Windows中英文版

programming windows by charles petzold 第五版 pdf

推荐几本windows显卡驱动编写的入门英文教材

win32gui入门书籍推荐

programming the microsoft windows driver model光盘

programming c# 10 pdf

windowsc程序设计

Windows Crypto API

最新资源