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Ubuntu 10.04 操作系统入门指南
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"Ubuntu for Non-Geeks (Fourth Edition) 是一本针对非技术用户的Ubuntu操作系统的详细指南,专注于Ubuntu 10.04 (lucid lynx)版本。本书旨在提供一个轻松、高效的入门教程,帮助用户了解并使用Ubuntu Linux系统。"
在Ubuntu for Non-Geeks第四版中,作者Rickford Grant与Phil Bull合作,为那些不熟悉技术术语的用户提供了全面且易于理解的内容。这本书涵盖了从安装到日常使用的整个过程,旨在消除用户对Linux操作系统的神秘感,使他们能够更有效地利用计算机。
书中详细介绍了如何进行Ubuntu的安装,包括分区、选择合适的安装类型(如图形化安装或命令行安装)以及解决可能出现的问题。此外,还指导用户配置网络连接、设置无线网络、安装软件包以及更新系统,确保用户能保持系统的最新状态。
对于初次接触Ubuntu的新手,书中讲解了基本的桌面环境操作,如文件管理、启动和关闭程序、定制桌面环境等。同时,书中还涵盖了如何使用Ubuntu的内置应用程序,如Firefox浏览器、 LibreOffice办公套件和多媒体播放器,让用户了解如何完成日常工作和娱乐任务。
为了帮助用户更好地理解和操作Ubuntu,作者提供了大量的截图,以直观地展示每个步骤。书中的章节结构清晰,按照由浅入深的顺序组织,使得学习过程更加连贯。此外,书中还讨论了一些进阶主题,例如设置打印机、扫描仪,以及如何保护系统安全,防止病毒和恶意软件。
本书获得了众多正面评价,被认为是对所有Ubuntu新用户的高度推荐读物。无论是Linux新手还是有经验的用户,都能从中找到有价值的信息。通过阅读本书,读者可以有信心地迈出使用Ubuntu的第一步,并在探索这个开源操作系统的世界中获得乐趣。
Ubuntu for Non-Geeks第四版是一本非常适合非技术人员的实用指南,它以易懂的语言和清晰的教程,为用户提供了全面的Ubuntu使用体验。无论你是想从Windows或Mac转向Linux,还是希望了解更多关于开源操作系统的内容,这本书都是一个理想的选择。
xiv Contents in Detail
9C-3: Preparing the Briscola Script ............................................................ 181
9C-4: Moving the Briscola Folder to a Global Location ................................ 182
9C-5: Creating a Launchable Link for Briscola ............................................ 183
Can You Do the Same Thing with pyWings? .............................................. 183
Playing Briscola ...................................................................................... 183
Project 9D: Compiling and Installing Programs from Source: Xmahjongg ....................... 184
So, What Is Source? ................................................................................ 184
The Basics .............................................................................................. 185
9D-1: Installing the Tools You Need ........................................................... 185
9D-2: Downloading and Extracting the Xmahjongg File ............................... 185
9D-3: Running configure and make for Xmahjongg ..................................... 187
9D-4: Installing and Running Xmahjongg .................................................... 188
9D-5: Cleaning Up and/or Uninstalling Xmahjongg .................................... 189
Customizing the Terminal ...................................................................................... 189
Tabbed Shell Sessions in the Terminal ..................................................................... 191
10
GUTENBIRD
Setting Up and Using Your Printer and Scanner 193
Printers ............................................................................................................... 194
Confirming That Your Printer Is Supported .................................................. 194
Getting Ubuntu to Automatically Recognize and Set Up Your Printer .............. 194
Manually Configuring Printers ................................................................... 196
Setting Up Printers Connected Over a Network ........................................... 198
For the Driverless Among You ................................................................... 199
Printing Details ........................................................................................ 200
Scanners ............................................................................................................. 204
Scanning, No Questions Asked, with Simple Scan ...................................... 204
Not-So-Simple Scanning with XSane .......................................................... 205
Unrecognized Scanners ........................................................................... 207
Why Are My Scanned Images So Big? ...................................................... 207
Which Resolution Should I Use When Scanning? ........................................ 208
11
POLYGLOT PENGUINS
Linux Speaks Your Language 211
Read-Only Language Support ................................................................................ 212
Typing Nonstandard Characters ............................................................................ 213
Using the Compose Key Option ................................................................ 213
Adding Keyboard Layouts ........................................................................ 215
Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Input ..................................................................... 216
Chinese ................................................................................................. 217
Japanese ................................................................................................ 217
Korean .................................................................................................. 218
Project 11: Setting Up Asian-Language Support ............................................................ 219
11-1: Selecting Input Method Modules ....................................................... 219
11-2: Typing Asian Languages with IBus .................................................... 221
Setting Up IBus to Automatically Start Up When You Log In ....................................... 223
Viewing Your System in Another Language .............................................................. 223
Contents in Detail xv
12
PENGUINS AT WORK
Getting Down to Business in Linux 227
OpenOffice.org ................................................................................................... 227
OpenOffice.org Applications .................................................................... 228
Microsoft Office and OpenOffice.org File Compatibility .............................. 231
OpenOffice.org Features ......................................................................... 232
Getting to Know the Buttons ...................................................................... 232
Word Processing Done Lightly with AbiWord .......................................................... 238
Some Other Cool Productivity Apps ........................................................................ 239
Sticky Notes ........................................................................................... 239
Tomboy ................................................................................................. 240
GnuCash ............................................................................................... 240
Scribus .................................................................................................. 241
13
BRUSH-WIELDING PENGUINS
Linux Does Art 243
Project 13A: Importing Images from Digital Cameras .................................................... 244
13A-1: Importing Images from Camera to Computer Somewhat
Automatically via F-Spot .................................................................... 244
13A-2: Transferring Images from Camera to Computer via Nautilus .............. 246
Project 13B: Working with Digital Images in F-Spot Photo Manager ............................... 247
13B-1: Exporting Images to Online Albums and Galleries ............................ 247
13B-2: Organizing Your Photo Collections with Tags ................................... 249
Getting Arty with the GIMP .................................................................................... 250
Using the GIMP to Resize Images and Convert File Formats .......................... 251
Learning More ........................................................................................ 252
Phatch Photo Batch Processor ................................................................................. 252
Using Phatch .......................................................................................... 253
gpaint ................................................................................................................. 254
Inkscape ............................................................................................................. 255
Project 13C: Installing Picasa ....................................................................................... 256
13C-1: Downloading and Installing the Picasa Package ............................... 256
13C-2: Running and Setting Up Picasa ...................................................... 257
A Few Other Graphics Apps to Consider ................................................................ 257
gThumb Image Viewer ............................................................................. 257
Blender .................................................................................................. 258
QCad .................................................................................................... 258
Tux Paint ................................................................................................ 260
14
TUX ROCKS
Music à la Linux 261
Audio File Formats ............................................................................................... 261
Project 14A: Installing MP3 Support for Audio Apps ..................................................... 262
Rhythmbox—Your Audio Player ............................................................................. 264
xvi Contents in Detail
Adding Songs and Albums to the Rhythmbox Library ................................... 264
Ripping Audio CDs with Rhythmbox .......................................................... 265
Browsing the Rhythmbox Library ............................................................... 265
Creating Playlists in Rhythmbox ................................................................. 266
Online Music Stores via Rhythmbox ........................................................... 267
Other Cool Features in Rhythmbox ............................................................ 267
Project 14B: Listening to Streaming Media with Rhythmbox ........................................... 268
14B-1: Adding Radio Streams to Rhythmbox .............................................. 268
14B-2: Adding Additional Radio Streams to Rhythmbox ............................... 269
Creating Audio CDs ............................................................................................. 269
Burning Audio CDs with Rhythmbox .......................................................... 269
Burning Audio CDs with Brasero ............................................................... 270
Project 14C: Listening to RealMedia Streams with RealPlayer ......................................... 271
14C-1: Downloading and Installing RealPlayer ........................................... 271
14C-2: Setting Up RealPlayer and Testing Your Installation ........................... 271
Other Cool Audio Apps ........................................................................................ 272
Alternative Players ................................................................................... 272
Streaming Music with Streamtuner ............................................................. 272
EasyTAG and Audio Tag Tool ................................................................... 273
LMMS .................................................................................................... 274
Audacity ................................................................................................ 274
MuseScore ............................................................................................. 274
15
PLUGGIN’ IN THE PENGUIN
Working with Your iPod, iPhone, and
Other Digital Media Devices 277
Knowing Your Limits ............................................................................................. 278
Mounting and Ejecting Your iPod or iPhone ............................................................. 278
(Not) Auto-updating Your iPod or iPhone ................................................................. 279
Working with Android-Based Phones ...................................................................... 280
Working with Other Digital Media Players and Cell Phones ...................................... 282
Managing Your Audio Device’s Audio Files with Rhythmbox ..................................... 282
Copying Songs from Your Audio Device to Your Hard Disk .......................... 284
Ejecting Your iPod or Other Digital Device from Within Rhythmbox ............... 285
Problems Writing to Your iPod ............................................................................... 285
Working with Photos on Your Digital Device ............................................................ 285
Converting Audio File Formats ............................................................................... 287
Playing Locked AAC (M4P) Files ............................................................................ 288
Linux on Your iPod? .............................................................................................. 289
Working with . . . Your iPad? ................................................................................ 289
16
COUCH PENGUINS
Video and DVD Playback in Ubuntu 291
DVDs .................................................................................................................. 291
Project 16A: Installing Support for Encrypted DVDs ....................................................... 292
Can I Play Foreign DVDs? ........................................................................ 292
Contents in Detail xvii
Totem Movie Player .............................................................................................. 293
Using Totem to Play DVDs, VCDs, and Other Multimedia Files ...................... 294
Totem as an Audio Player? ....................................................................... 294
A Couple of Other Cool Totem Features ..................................................... 295
An Alternative to Totem: VLC Media Player ............................................................. 296
Editing Digital Video with PiTiVi ............................................................................ 297
Project 16B: Capturing Digital Video with Kino ............................................................. 299
16B-1: Installing Kino and Setting Up Your System ...................................... 300
16B-2: Capturing and Editing Digital Video with Kino ................................. 300
Other Video Apps ................................................................................................ 303
17
FEATHERED FLIPPERS
Linux Gaming 305
Project 17A: Expanding Your Game Collection via the Ubuntu Software Center .............. 306
17A-1: Installing Missing GNOME Games ................................................ 306
17A-2: Installing Some Linux Classics: Frozen Bubble, Tux Racer, and Pingus . 307
3D Games .......................................................................................................... 310
Checking for Hardware Acceleration ......................................................... 310
Shooting Games ..................................................................................... 311
Strategy Games ...................................................................................... 313
Simulators .............................................................................................. 314
Even More 3D Games—Beyond the Ubuntu Software Center ........................ 317
Project 17B: Installing a Java-Based Game: Schnapsen ................................................. 318
17B-1: Installing the Java Runtime Environment ........................................... 318
17B-2: Getting and Extracting Schnapsen .................................................. 319
17B-3: Running and Anglicizing Schnapsen ............................................... 320
Online Gaming .................................................................................................... 321
Searching for More Games ................................................................................... 321
18
PENGUINS AT THE GATES
Working with Ubuntu in a Windows World 323
Project 18A: Accessing Files on Your Windows Partition (for Dual-Booters) ..................... 324
18A-1: Mounting Your Windows Partition .................................................. 324
18A-2: Unmounting Your Windows Partition .............................................. 325
Accessing a Linux Partition While Running Windows ................................................ 325
Project 18B: Installing Microsoft Windows Core Fonts .................................................... 326
Dual-Booting: Changing the Boot Order and Timeout ................................................ 327
Linux Equivalents to Your Windows Applications ...................................................... 329
Project 18C: Running Windows Programs ..................................................................... 329
18C-1: Installing and Testing Wine ........................................................... 330
18C-2: Installing a Windows Application in Wine ...................................... 330
18C-3: Getting Windows Apps to Work in Wine with PlayOnLinux .............. 332
Installing Windows Inside Ubuntu ........................................................................... 334
Sharing Files with Windows Users on Your Network ................................................ 337
Accessing Files Stored on a Windows Computer ......................................... 337
Making Your Files Accessible from a Windows Computer ............................ 337
xviii Contents in Detail
19
DEFENDING THE NEST
Security 339
Does My System Need Protection? ......................................................................... 340
The First Line of Defense ........................................................................................ 340
Software Firewalls ................................................................................................ 342
Taking Control of Firestarter ..................................................................... 344
Confirming That Firestarter Runs Automatically ............................................ 344
Finding Out More ................................................................................... 344
ClamAV: Antivirus Software, Linux Style .................................................................. 344
Project 19A: Virus Scanning with avast! ....................................................................... 346
19A-1: Downloading the avast! DEB Package and License Key ..................... 346
19A-2: Running and Using avast! .............................................................. 346
Project 19B: Encrypting Your Files ................................................................................ 348
19B-1: Creating an Encrypted File Folder ................................................... 348
19B-2: Recovering Encrypted Files If Something Goes Wrong ....................... 349
Project 19C: Shredding Documents Digitally .................................................................. 350
19C-1: Trying the shred Command ............................................................ 350
19C-2: Taking the shred Command Graphical in Nautilus ........................... 351
20
A COLONY OF PENGUINS
The Ubuntu Community 355
Take Me to Your SABDFL ...................................................................................... 356
Launchpad: Your Passport to the Ubuntu Community ................................................. 357
Bugs, Bugs, Glorious Bugs ..................................................................................... 358
What Counts as a Bug? ........................................................................... 358
Reporting a Bug ...................................................................................... 359
Has It Already Been Reported? ................................................................. 360
A New Bug ............................................................................................ 361
What Happens Now? ............................................................................. 362
When Will My Bug Be Fixed? .................................................................. 363
Faster Fixes ............................................................................................ 363
Sharing Ideas on How to Improve Ubuntu ............................................................... 364
The Ubuntu Forums ............................................................................................... 365
Replying to a Post ................................................................................... 366
Creating Your Own Thread ...................................................................... 367
What’s All This Bean Business? ................................................................. 367
Chatting on IRC ................................................................................................... 367
Registering Your Nickname ...................................................................... 369
IRC Etiquette ........................................................................................... 370
More Help with IRC ................................................................................. 371
An IRC Alternative: Mailing Lists ................................................................ 371
Keeping Up with the News .................................................................................... 371
LoCos and LUGs .................................................................................................. 372
Stickers and Other Goodies ................................................................................... 372
Getting Involved ................................................................................................... 373
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