智能交通网络安全可行性研究报告

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"该报告是关于CyberResilience在Connected and Automated Mobility (CAM)中的可行性研究，由英国的相关机构进行，旨在探讨自动驾驶和互联汽车领域的网络安全问题。报告包含了对英国在网络安全领域的实力概述，2020年针对CAM的可行性研究核心建议，以及多个项目的研究发现和关键推荐。" 在交通领域，随着车辆变得越来越连接和自动化，网络安全已经成为一个至关重要的议题。报告的"Executive Summary"部分强调了英国在网络安全方面的优势，并概述了2020年针对CAM的网络安全可行性研究的主要目标。报告的核心推荐部分提出了确保CAM安全性的关键措施，包括提高行业标准、增强数据保护和实施有效的风险管理策略。 "Background"章节详细介绍了CAMTestbed UK、Center for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CCAV)以及Zenzic等机构的角色，这些机构在推动CAM技术发展和测试中起到关键作用。CAMTestbed UK是一个平台，用于测试和验证自动驾驶车辆的性能，而CCAV是英国政府的机构，负责支持和推动自动驾驶和互联汽车的发展。Zenzic则是一个公私合作组织，致力于加速自动驾驶的实现。 "2.0 Cyber Feasibility Study Projects"章节列出了多个研究项目的目标、范围和主题。这些项目涵盖了不同的研究领域，如V2X（车到一切）通信的安全性、网络安全的防御工具、对潜在攻击的抵抗力评估、定位系统(PNT)的网络安全，以及建立安全框架等。报告还提到了各个项目的赢家，显示了在这些关键领域的领先企业和研究团队。在"3.0 Project Findings"章节中，报告详述了各项目的主要发现和推荐。例如，CAVShield项目提出了加强车辆网络防护的建议；ResiCAV关注的是提升车辆的抗攻击能力；DT-4-CT关注数据传输的安全性；PNT Cyber Resilience项目强调了定位系统的网络安全需求；Meili项目可能涉及到用户数据隐私保护；V2X Vulnerability Mapping则分析了V2X通信的漏洞；BeARCAT可能涉及建立应急响应和恢复策略。这些项目的结果提供了关于如何构建更安全、更具韧性的CAM环境的深刻见解。最后，报告的"4.0"章节可能继续讨论未来的行动计划、挑战和进一步的研究方向，以确保在CAM领域持续提升网络安全和韧性。这份报告对理解互联和自动驾驶汽车的网络安全现状及其未来趋势具有重要价值，为相关行业的决策者、开发者和研究人员提供了宝贵的指导。通过实施报告中提出的建议，可以提高交通系统的安全性，保障公众的信任，同时推动这一创新技术的健康发展。

Cyber Resilience in Connected and Automated Mobility (CAM) Cyber Feasibility Report

Page 5 of 26

0. Executive Summary

0.1. The UK’s strength in Cyber

The UK has a long tradition of excellence for communications security

with the government code and cypher school being established over 100 years ago in

1919, the roll out of the type-x cypher system in 1937, the development of the first

computer, colossus, in 1943, the first use of public key cryptography in 1970 and the

invention of the world wide web in 1990.

Today the UK already has a world class reputation for cyber security with the largest

market in Europe worth £8.3bn annually and growing with exports due to rise to 2.7bn

by 2021. 2019 was a record year for cyber security investment in the UK with almost

£250m in fundraising. Overall, between 2016 and 2019, total external investment was

greater than £1.1bn

The UK government made cyber security a Tier 1 priority and announced a £650M

investment in the national security strategy and over the five years from 2016 to 2021

the UK Government will invest £1.9bn into cyber security with the ecosystem and skills

having prime importance

0.2. Cyber Security for CAM Feasibility Studies 2020

This report summarises the findings of seven projects which have been funded by the

Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CCAV) and supported by Zenzic and

Innovate UK (part of UKRI) into cyber security for Connected and Autonomous Mobility

(CAM).

Each project was tasked with exploring innovative methods for measuring and

monitoring cyber security, defining a set of requirements for a future cyber security

facility/capability and understanding the commercial landscape for such a facility. These

three objectives were addressed across a number of different themes: Monitoring,

Threats to connected vehicle, Networks, Threats to automated vehicles or

Countermeasure and risk mitigation.

Zenzic is tasked by Government and Industry to co-ordinate and bring together a

comprehensive and cohesive Testing and Development infrastructure, called CAM

Testbed UK. As part of this Zenzic scopes and directs, along with CCAV and Innovate UK,

future funding to enhance the capability of CAM Testbed UK. To this end, this report

outlines those elements of the projects which recommend requirements for a future

cyber facility or capability to support the safe and secure delivery of connected and self-

driving vehicles solutions.

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/861945/

UK_Cyber_Sectoral_Analysis__2020__Report.pdf

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/861945/

UK_Cyber_Sectoral_Analysis__2020__Report.pdf

Cyber Resilience in Connected and Automated Mobility (CAM) Cyber Feasibility Report

Page 6 of 26

0.3. Core Recommendations

Distilled below are the recommendations which came through repeatedly from the seven

projects and form the backbone of the requirements for a future Cyber Centre of

Excellence to support safe and secure roll out of connected and self-driving vehicles:

1. A Cyber Centre of Excellence, specifically focussed on CAM (technologies,

vehicles, networks, infrastructure), should be created which brings together

experts and new capabilities in cyber security and resilience.

This Centre of Excellence should bring together experts from across Industry and

academia. Acting as the UK hub for sharing knowledge and enhancing skills.

2. The Centre of Excellence should act as a cluster or hub to existing capabilities and

bring them together under a single umbrella. Combining capabilities and doubling

down on areas of UK strength. This cluster should ensure that any existing gaps

in capability are plugged through funding.

3. The Cyber Centre of Excellence should develop the capability to monitor the

operational security of connected and self-driving vehicles as they are deployed.

Enabling the ongoing assessment and assurance of the cyber resilience of the

CAM “system” at scale.

4. Given the broad range of systems and sub-systems which are interconnected

within CAM, the Cyber Centre of Excellence should be the base for an ongoing

programme of CR&D - researching new and emergent threats and developing

best practice in the design, implementation, monitoring and recovery of cyber

security.

5. A package of work is identified which can draw together all of these

methodologies into a single comprehensive framework through which the UK will

approach cyber resilience for CAM and subsequently identify priority gaps for

further research and investment.

Whilst the need for a Cyber Centre of Excellence is at the core of this report, it is also

recognised that a vast amount of work has been undertaken in the projects that has

created a wealth of knowledge on wider aspects on the theme of cyber security within

CAM. This work has investigated, researched and prototyped techniques, methodologies

and tools which seek to better monitor and respond to emergent cyber threats.

One such example is the CyRes methodology presented by ResiCAV. In this methodology

a system is resilient if, and only if, there is justifiable and enduring confidence that it

will function as expected and when expected. It is secure if it displays this property in

the face of an adversary, and it is cyber secure if it displays this property in the face of

an adversary that need not be co-located. The need for a standardised methodology and

approach to cyber resilience is critical to the successful deployment and safe future for

CAM.

0.4. What next?

It’s clear from the findings of these projects that the successful deployment and

achievement of the UK’s 2030 vision for CAM is hinged upon the prioritisation of

investment in cyber security and digital resilience. The projects themselves have made a

strong start on beginning to address key areas of how to examine, monitor and research

emerging and live threats to CAM, but more work is required. Together with CCAV and

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