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首页DataCamp入门指南：R语言基础与数据结构详解

DataCamp入门指南：R语言基础与数据结构详解

需积分: 0 0 下载量 198 浏览量更新于2024-06-28 收藏 346KB PDF 举报

"《R-Notes入门指南》是一份由Ruowen Wang在2022年12月11日整理的高质量学习资料，主要针对DataCamp网站上提供的"Introduction to R"课程进行详细讲解。这份笔记旨在帮助读者理解R语言的基础知识，适合初学者入门或作为参考工具。第一部分深入介绍了R语言的基础概念。在"Introduction to Basics"章节中，作者展示了R的基本操作功能，例如计算简单数学表达式，如`3 + 4`的结果为7，`6 + 12`得到18。这展示了R作为计算器的基本能力，通过`+`、`-`、`*`、`/`、`^`（表示幂运算）以及`%%`（模运算）等符号执行基本算术运算。接着，笔记转向更高级的数据结构。"Vectors"部分可能涉及向量的创建、操作和索引，是R语言中处理数据的基本单元。"Matrix"则探讨了矩阵数据类型，它在数据分析和统计中扮演着关键角色。"Factors"是R中的分类变量，用于处理类别数据。"DataFrame"是R中最重要的数据结构，它结合了向量和列向量，能存储不同类型的数据并保持行和列的关联性。 "Lists"章节介绍列表，这是一种灵活的数据结构，可以包含不同类型的元素，常用于组合不同类型的数据。通过这些结构的学习，读者将理解如何有效地组织和操作数据。整个笔记来源于DataCamp网站上的官方课程，提供了一个系统的学习路径，旨在使读者逐步掌握R语言的核心技能。无论是初次接触R的新手，还是希望巩固基础的开发者，都能从中受益匪浅。通过阅读和实践这些笔记，学习者将能够快速上手R语言，并为其数据分析和编程工作打下坚实的基础。"

Vectors

Section 2

Vectors

Ruowen Wang Introduction to R 2022-12-11 16 / 148

Vectors

Create a Vector

Feeling lucky? You better, because this chapter takes you on a trip to the

City of Sins, also known as Statisticians Paradise!

Thanks to R and your new data-analytical skills, you will learn how to

uplift your performance at the tables and ﬁre oﬀ your career as a

professional gambler. This chapter will show how you can easily keep track

of your betting progress and how you can do some simple analyses on past

actions. Next stop, Vegas Baby. . . VEGAS!!

# Define the variable vegas

vegas <- "Go!"

Ruowen Wang Introduction to R 2022-12-11 17 / 148

Vectors

Create a Vector (2)

Let us focus ﬁrst!

On your way from rags to riches, you will make extensive use of vectors.

Vectors are one-dimension arrays that can hold numeric data, character

data, or logical data. In other words, a vector is a simple tool to store

data. For example, you can store your daily gains and losses in the casinos.

In R, you create a vector with the combine function c(). You place the

vector elements separated by a comma between the parentheses. For

example:

numeric_vector <- c(1, 2, 3)

character_vector <- c("a", "b", "c")

Once you have created these vectors in R, you can use them to do

calculations.

Ruowen Wang Introduction to R 2022-12-11 18 / 148

Vectors

Create a Vector(3) I

After one week in Las Vegas and still zero Ferraris in your garage, you

decide that it is time to start using your data analytical superpowers.

Before doing a ﬁrst analysis, you decide to ﬁrst collect all the winnings and

losses for the last week:

For poker_vector:

On Monday you won $140

Tuesday you lost $50

Wednesday you won $20

Thursday you lost $120

Friday you won $240

For roulette_vector:

On Monday you lost $24

Ruowen Wang Introduction to R 2022-12-11 19 / 148

Vectors

Create a Vector(3) II

Tuesday you lost $50

Wednesday you won $100

Thursday you lost $350

Friday you won $10

You only played poker and roulette, since there was a delegation of

mediums that occupied the craps tables. To be able to use this data in R,

you decide to create the variables poker_vector and roulette_vector.

# Poker winnings from Monday to Friday

poker_vector <- c(140, -50, 20, -120, 240)

# Roulette winnings from Monday to Friday

roulette_vector <- c(-24,-50,100,-350,10)

Ruowen Wang Introduction to R 2022-12-11 20 / 148

剩余147页未读，继续阅读

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <com.example.myapplication.GameView android:id="@+id/gameView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/score" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:paddingTop="10dp" android:text="0" android:textColor="@color/black" android:textSize="18dp" /> <RelativeLayout android:visibility="gone" android:id="@+id/relative" android:layout_width="300dp" android:layout_height="200dp" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:background="@drawable/introdution" > <TextView android:id="@+id/scoreText" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:backgroundTint="@color/black" android:text="分数：" android:textSize="18dp" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btn" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:backgroundTint="#0068B5" android:text="重新开始" android:textSize="18dp" /> </RelativeLayout> <RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/introdution" android:layout_width="300dp" android:layout_height="200dp" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:background="@drawable/shuoming"> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_3" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:backgroundTint="#0068B6" android:text="开始游戏" android:textSize="18dp" /> </RelativeLayout> </RelativeLayout>解释这段布局文件代码

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这段布局文件代码是一个RelativeLayout布局，包含了三个RelativeLayout容器和一个TextView控件，其中： 1. 第一个RelativeLayout容器中包含了一个自定义控件GameView，用于绘制游戏画面； 2. 第二个RelativeLayout...

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