Spring Integration 4.0参考手册

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integration

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"Spring Integration 参考手册 4.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT" Spring Integration 是一个基于 Spring 框架的扩展，旨在简化企业应用中的集成问题，提供了一个轻量级、灵活的解决方案，用于实现不同系统、服务和协议之间的通信。该框架支持异步处理和消息驱动的架构模式，以减少复杂性并提高系统的可维护性。在 Spring Integration 4.0 版本中，引入了多个新特性与组件： 1. MQTT Channel Adapters：MQTT（Message Queuing Telemetry Transport）是一种轻量级的消息协议，适用于物联网(IoT)场景。Spring Integration 提供了 MQTT 的通道适配器，允许应用程序与 MQTT 代理进行交互，发送和接收消息。 2. @EnableIntegration 和 @IntegrationComponentScan：这两个注解是 Spring Integration 自动配置的关键。`@EnableIntegration` 启用了 Spring Integration 的功能，而 `@IntegrationComponentScan` 自动扫描并配置相关的集成组件。 3. @MessagingGateway：这是一个注解，用于声明一个接口作为消息网关，使得业务代码可以像调用普通方法一样发送和接收消息，隐藏了底层的消息传递细节。 4. Spring Boot 的 `@EnableAutoConfiguration`：在 Spring Boot 应用中，这个注解能自动配置 Spring Integration，简化了集成的设置过程。 5. @GlobalChannelInterceptor：允许全局定义通道拦截器，这些拦截器会在消息传递过程中被调用，提供了扩展点以实现日志记录、监控、事务管理等功能。 6. @IntegrationConverter：自定义转换器的注解，允许用户为不同类型的消息提供转换逻辑。 7. Redis 和 MongoDB Channel Message Stores：这两种数据存储用于消息持久化，分别使用 Redis 和 MongoDB 数据库来保存消息，增强了系统的可靠性。 8. @EnableIntegrationMBeanExport：启用 MBean 导出，使得 Spring Integration 组件可以在 JMX 中管理，便于监控和调试。 9. ChannelSecurityInterceptorFactoryBean：提供安全通道拦截器的工厂，用于实现对消息通道的访问控制。 10. RedisCommandGateway：允许通过 Redis 执行命令，并获取结果，增加了对 Redis 数据库操作的支持。 11. RedisLockRegistry 和 GemfireLockRegistry：提供了分布式锁的实现，利用 Redis 或 Gemfire 实现跨节点的锁机制，保障多线程环境下的数据一致性。 12. @Poller：用于配置定时任务的注解，可以设置轮询间隔、执行策略等，实现消息的定时拉取。 `InboundChannelAdapter` 和 `OutboundChannelAdapter` 是 Spring Integration 中的核心组件，它们分别用于接收和发送消息。通过配置不同的适配器，你可以连接到各种外部系统，如文件系统、数据库、邮件服务器、HTTP 服务器等。 Spring Integration 提供了一套强大的工具，使得开发者能够轻松地构建高度可扩展和可维护的集成解决方案，支持多种通信协议和企业服务，同时借助于 Spring Boot 和注解驱动的配置，大大降低了集成工作的复杂度。

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Spring Integration

4.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT

Spring Integration

Reference Manual xvi

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:int="http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration"

xmlns:int-twitter="http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/twitter"

xmlns:int-stream="http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/stream"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration

http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/spring-integration.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/twitter

http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/twitter/spring-integration-

twitter.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/stream

http://www.springframework.org/schema/integration/stream/spring-integration-

stream.xsd">

…

</beans>

For a detailed explanation regarding Spring Integration's namespace support see Section F.2,

“Namespace Support”.

Note

Please note that the namespace prefix can be freely chosen. You may even choose not to use any

namespace prefixes at all. Therefore, apply the convention that suits your application needs best.

Be aware, though, that SpringSource Tool Suite™ (STS) uses the same namespace conventions

for Spring Integration as used in this reference guide.

Spring Integration

4.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT

Spring Integration

Reference Manual 2

1. What's new in Spring Integration 4.0?

This chapter provides an overview of the new features and improvements that have been introduced

with Spring Integration 4.0. If you are interested in more details, please see the Issue Tracker tickets

that were resolved as part of the 4.0 development process.

Please be sure to also see the Migration Guide for important changes that might affect your applications.

Migration guides for all versions back to 2.1 can be found on the Wiki.

1.1 New Components

MQTT Channel Adapters

The MQTT channel adapters (previously available in the Spring Integration Extensions repository) are

now available as part of the normal Spring Integration distribution. See Chapter 22, MQTT Support

@EnableIntegration

The @EnableIntegration annotation has been added, to permit declaration of standard Spring

Integration beans when using @Configuration classes. See Section 2.5, “Configuration” [13] for

more information.

@IntegrationComponentScan

The @IntegrationComponentScan annotation has been added, to permit classpath scanning for

Spring Integration specific components. See Section 2.5, “Configuration” [13] for more information.

@EnableMessageHistory

Message history can now be enabled with the @EnableMessageHistory annotation in a

@Configuration class; in addition the message history settings can be modified by a JMX MBean.

In addition auto-created MessageHandlers for annotated endpoints (e.g. @ServiceActivator,

@Splitter etc.) now are also trackable by MessageHistory. For more information, see Section 8.2,

“Message History”.

@MessagingGateway

Messaging gateway interfaces can now be configured with the @MessagingGateway annotation. It

is an analogue of the <int:gateway/> xml element. For more information, see the section called

“@MessagingGateway Annotation”.

Spring Boot @EnableAutoConfiguration

As well as the @EnableIntegration annotation mentioned above, a a hook has been

introduced to allow the Spring Integration infrastructure beans to be configured using Spring Boot's

@EnableAutoConfiguration. For more information see Spring Boot - AutoConfigure.

@GlobalChannelInterceptor

As well as the @EnableIntegration annotation mentioned above, the

@GlobalChannelInterceptor annotation has bean introduced. For more information, see

Section 2.5, “Configuration” [13].

Spring Integration

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Spring Integration

Reference Manual 3

@IntegrationConverter

The @IntegrationConverter annotation has bean introduced, as an analogue of

<int:converter/> component. For more information, see Section 2.5, “Configuration” [13].

@EnablePublisher

The @EnablePublisher annotation has been added, to allow the specification of a default-

publisher-channel for @Publisher annotations. See Section 2.5, “Configuration” [13] for more

information.

Redis Channel Message Stores

A new Redis MessageGroupStore, that is optimized for use when backing a QueueChannel for

persistence, is now provided. For more information, see the section called “Redis Channel Message

Stores”.

A new Redis ChannelPriorityMessageStore is now provided. This can be used to retrieve

messages by priority. For more information, see the section called “Redis Channel Message Stores”.

MongodDB Channel Message Store

MongoDB support now provides the MongoDbChannelMessageStore - a channel specific

MessageStore implementation. With priorityEnabled = true, it can be used in

<int:priority-queue>s to achieve priority order polling of persisted messages. For more

information see the section called “MongodDB Channel Message Store”.

@EnableIntegrationMBeanExport

The IntegrationMBeanExporter can now be enabled with the

@EnableIntegrationMBeanExport annotation in a @Configuration class. For more information,

see the section called “MBean Exporter”.

ChannelSecurityInterceptorFactoryBean

Configuration of Spring Security for message channels using @Configuration classes is now

supported by using a ChannelSecurityInterceptorFactoryBean. For more information, see

Appendix D, Security in Spring Integration.

Redis Command Gateway

The Redis support now provides the <outbound-gateway> component to perform generic Redis

commands using the RedisConnection#execute method. For more information, see Section 23.8,

“Redis Outbound Command Gateway”.

RedisLockRegistry and GemfireLockRegistry

The RedisLockRegistry and GemfireLockRegistry are now available supporting global locks

visible to multiple application instances/servers. These can be used with aggregating message handlers

across multiple application instances such that group release will occur on only one instance. For

more information, see Section 23.9, “Redis Lock Registry”, Section 15.6, “Gemfire Lock Registry” and

Section 5.4, “Aggregator”.

Spring Integration

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Spring Integration

Reference Manual 4

@Poller

Annotation-based messaging configuration can now have a poller attribute. This means that methods

annotated with (@ServiceActivator, @Aggregator etc.) can now use an inputChannel that is a

reference to a PollableChannel. For more information, see Section F.5, “Annotation Support”.

@InboundChannelAdapter and SmartLifecycle for Annotated Endpoints

The @InboundChannelAdapter method annotation is now available. It is an analogue of the

<int:inbound-channel-adapter> XML component. In addition, all Messaging Annotations now

provide SmartLifecycle options. For more information, see Section F.5, “Annotation Support”.

Twitter Search Outbound Gateway

A new twitter endpoint <int-twitter-search-outbound-gateway/> has been added. Unlike

the search inbound adapter which polls using the same search query each time, the outbound

gateway allows on-demand customized queries. For more information, see Section 30.6, “Twitter Search

Outbound Gateway”.

Gemfire Metadata Store

The GemfireMetadataStore is provided, allowing it to be used, for example, in a

AbstractPersistentAcceptOnceFileListFilter implementation in a multiple application

instance/server environment. For more information, see Section 8.4, “Metadata Store”, Section 13.2,

“Reading Files”, Section 14.3, “FTP Inbound Channel Adapter” and Section 26.5, “SFTP Inbound

Channel Adapter”.

@BridgeFrom and @BridgeTo Annotations

Annotation and Java configuration has introduced @BridgeFrom and @BridgeTo @Bean method

annotations to mark MessageChannel beans in @Configuration classes. For more information, see

Section F.5, “Annotation Support”.

Meta Messaging Annotations

Messaging Annotations (@ServiceActivator, @Router, @MessagingGateway etc.) can now be

configured as meta-annotations for user-defined Messaging Annotations. In addition the user-defined

annotations can have the same attributes (inputChannel, @Poller, autoStartup etc.). For more

information, see Section F.5, “Annotation Support”.

1.2 General Changes

Requires Spring Framework 4.0

Core messaging abstractions (Message, MessageChannel etc) have moved to the Spring Framework

spring-messaging module. Users who reference these classes directly in their code will need to

make changes as described in the first section of the Migration Guide.

Header Type for XPath Header Enricher

The header-type attribute has been introduced for the header sub-element of the <int-

xml:xpath-header-enricher>. This attribute provides the target type for the header value to which

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