精通Perl编程：Learning Perl第五版精华

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"Learning Perl 5 Ed.pdf 是一本关于Perl编程语言的最新书籍，由O'Reilly出版。这本书可能是第五版，旨在帮助学习者掌握Perl的基础和进阶知识。此外，提到了一系列相关的O'Reilly出版社的Perl图书，涵盖了从初学者到高级开发者的各种层次，包括 'Advanced Perl Programming', 'Intermediate Perl', 'Mastering Perl', 'Perl 6 and Parrot Essentials', 'Perl Best Practices', 'Perl Cookbook', 'Perl Debugger Pocket Reference', 'Perl in a Nutshell', 'Perl Testing: A Developer’s Notebook', 'Practical mod-perl' 等。这些资源为读者提供了全面的学习路径。另外，O'Reilly出版社的网站perl.oreilly.com提供有关Perl的完整书籍目录，包括样本章节和代码示例，是一个获取Perl技术信息的重要平台。Perl.com是Perl社区的中心网站，是了解Perl所有信息的理想起点。O'Reilly还举办各种会议，汇聚创新者，推动技术发展。Safari Bookshelf在线参考图书馆为程序员和IT专业人士提供超过1000本书的搜索服务，订阅者可以快速找到问题的答案，解决时间紧迫的问题。" 这篇摘要涵盖了Perl编程语言的学习资源，从书籍到在线平台，全方位支持Perl学习者的成长。"Learning Perl 5 Ed.pdf" 是其中的一本教材，适合初学者，而其他列出的书籍则提供了从进阶到实践的各种主题。O'Reilly出版社在Perl领域的权威性确保了这些资源的质量。同时，Perl社区的两个主要网站——perl.oreilly.com和Perl.com——为开发者提供了丰富的信息和交流平台。最后，O'Reilly的会议和Safari Bookshelf服务进一步扩展了学习和专业发展的机会，使从业者能够跟上最新的技术和趋势。

History of This Book

For the curious, here’s how Randal tells the story of how this book came about:

After I had finished the first Programming Perl book with Larry Wall (in 1991), I was

approached by Taos Mountain Software in Silicon Valley to produce a training course.

This included having me deliver the first dozen or so courses and train their staff to

continue offering the course. I wrote the course for them

and delivered it as promised.

On the third or fourth delivery of that course (in late 1991), someone came up to me

and said, “You know, I really like Programming Perl, but the way the material is pre-

sented in this course is so much easier to follow—you oughta write a book like this

course.” It sounded like an opportunity to me, so I started thinking about it.

I wrote to Tim O’Reilly with a proposal based on an outline that was similar to the

course I was presenting for Taos—although I had rearranged and modified a few of the

chapters based on observations in the classroom. I think that was my fastest proposal

acceptance in history—I got a message from Tim within 15 minutes saying, “We’ve

been waiting for you to pitch a second book—Programming Perl is selling like gang-

busters.” That started the effort over the next 18 months to finish the first edition of

Learning Perl.

During that time, I was starting to see an opportunity to teach Perl classes outside

Silicon Valley,

†

so I created a class based on the text I was writing for Learning Perl. I

gave a dozen classes for various clients (including my primary contractor, Intel Oregon),

and used the feedback to fine-tune the book draft even further.

The first edition hit the streets on the first day of November 1993

‡

and became a

smashing success, frequently even outpacing Programming Perl book sales.

The back-cover jacket of the first book said “written by a leading Perl trainer.” Well,

that became a self-fulfilling prophesy. Within a few months, I was starting to get email

from people all over the United States asking me to teach at their site. In the following

seven years, my company became the leading worldwide on-site Perl training company,

and I had personally racked up (literally) a million frequent-flier miles. It didn’t hurt

that the Web started taking off about then, and the webmasters and webmistresses

picked Perl as the language of choice for content management, interaction through

CGI, and maintenance.

In the contract, I retained the rights to the exercises, hoping someday to reuse them in some other way, like

in the magazine columns I was writing at the time. The exercises are the only things that leapt from the Taos

course to the book.

†

My Taos contract had a no-compete clause, so I had to stay out of Silicon Valley with any similar courses,

which I respected for many years.

‡

I remember that date very well because it was also the day I was arrested at my home for computer-related-

activities around my Intel contract, a series of felony charges for which I was later convicted.

xiv | Preface

For two years, I worked closely with Tom Phoenix in his role as lead trainer and content

manager for Stonehenge, giving him charter to experiment with the “Llama” course by

moving things around and breaking things up. When we had come up with what we

thought was the best major revision of the course, I contacted O’Reilly and said, “It’s

time for a new book!” And that became the third edition.

Two years after writing the third edition of the Llama, Tom and I decided it was time

to push our follow-on “advanced” course out into the world as a book, for people

writing programs that are “100 to 10,000 lines of code.” And together we created the

first Alpaca book, released in 2003.

But fellow instructor brian d foy was just getting back from the conflict in the Gulf, and

had noticed that we could use some rewriting in both books because our courseware

still needed to track the changing needs of the typical student. So, he pitched the idea

to O’Reilly to take on rewriting both the Llama and the Alpaca one final time before

Perl 6 (we hope). This fifth edition of the Llama reflects those changes. brian was really

the lead writer, working with my occasional guidance, and has done a brilliant job of

the usual “herding cats” that a multiple-writer team generally feels like.

On December 18, 2007, the perl5porters released Perl 5.10, a significant new version

of Perl with several new features. The previous version, 5.8, had focused on the

underpinnings of Perl and its Unicode support. The latest version, starting from the

stable 5.8 foundation, was able to add completely new features, some of which it bor-

rowed from the development of Perl 6 (not yet released). Some of these features, such

as named captures in regular expressions, are much better than the old ways of doing

things, thus perfect for Perl beginners. We hadn’t thought about a fifth edition of this

book, but Perl 5.10 was so much better that we couldn’t resist.

Some of the differences you may notice from prior editions:

• The text is updated for the latest version, Perl 5.10, and some of the code only

works with that version. We note in the text when we are talking about a Perl 5.10

feature, and we mark those code sections with a special use statement that ensures

you’re using the right version:

use 5.010; # this script requires Perl 5.10 or greater

If you don’t see that use 5.010 in a code example, it should work all the way back

to Perl 5.6. To see which version of Perl you have, try the -v command-line switch:

prompt% perl -v

Here are some of the new features from Perl 5.10 that we cover, and where appropriate,

we still show you the old ways of doing the same thing:

• There is more information in the regular expression chapters, covering the new

features from Perl 5.10. These include relative back references (Chapter 7), new

character classes (Chapter 7), and named captures (Chapter 8).

Preface | xv

• Perl 5.10 includes a switch statement, which it calls given-when. We cover it in

Chapter 15 along with the smart match operator.

• Subroutines now have static variables just like C does, although Perl calls them

state variables. They persist between calls to the subroutine and are lexically

scoped. We cover that in Chapter 4.

Acknowledgments

From Randal. I want to thank the Stonehenge trainers past and present (Joseph Hall,

Tom Phoenix, Chip Salzenberg, brian d foy, and Tad McClellan) for their willingness

to go out and teach in front of classrooms week after week and to come back with their

notes about what’s working (and what’s not), so we could fine-tune the material for

this book. I especially want to single out my coauthor and business associate, Tom

Phoenix, for having spent many, many hours working to improve Stonehenge’s Llama

course and to provide the wonderful core text for most of this book. And brian d foy

for being the lead writer of the fourth edition, including taking that eternal to-do item

out of my inbox so that it would finally happen.

I also want to thank everyone at O’Reilly, especially our very patient editor and overseer

on the previous edition, Allison Randal (no relation, but she has a nicely spelled last

name), and Tim O’Reilly himself for taking a chance on me in the first place with the

Camel and Llama books.

I am also absolutely indebted to the thousands of people who have purchased the past

editions of the Llama so that I could use the money to stay “off the streets and out of

jail,” and to those students in my classrooms who have trained me to be a better trainer,

and to the stunning array of Fortune 1000 clients who have purchased our classes in

the past and will continue to do so into the future.

As always, a special thanks to Lyle and Jack, for teaching me nearly everything I know

about writing. I won’t ever forget you guys.

From Tom. I’ve got to echo Randal’s thanks to everyone at O’Reilly. For the third

edition of this book, Linda Mui was our editor, and I still thank her, for her patience

in pointing out which jokes and footnotes were most excessive (she is in no way to

blame for the ones that remain). Both she and Randal have guided me through the

writing process, and I am grateful. On the fourth edition, Allison Randal stepped in as

editor, and my thanks go to her as well.

I also echo Randal with regard to the other Stonehenge trainers, who hardly ever com-

plained when I unexpectedly updated the course materials to try out a new teaching

technique. You folks have contributed many different viewpoints on teaching methods

that I would never have seen.

xvi | Preface

For many years, I worked at the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry (OMSI), and

I’d like to thank the folks there for letting me hone my teaching skills as I learned to

build a joke or two into every activity, explosion, or dissection.

To the many folks on Usenet who have given me your appreciation and encouragement

for my contributions there, thanks. As always, I hope this helps.

Also to my many students, who have shown me with their questions (and befuddled

looks) when I needed to try a new way of expressing a concept. I hope that the present

edition helps to relieve any remaining puzzlement.

Of course, deep thanks are due especially to my coauthor Randal for giving me the

freedom to try various ways of presenting the material both in the classroom and here

in the book, as well as for the push to make this material into a book in the first place.

And without fail, I must say that I am indeed inspired by your ongoing work to ensure

that no one else becomes ensnared by the legal troubles that have stolen so much of

your time and energy; you’re a fine example.

To my wife, Jenna, thanks for being a cat person, and everything thereafter.

From brian. I have to thank Randal first, since I learned Perl from the first edition of

this book, and then had to learn it again when he asked me to start teaching for Stone-

henge in 1998. Teaching is often the best way to learn. Since then Randal has mentored

me not only in Perl, but in several other things he thought I needed to learn, like the

time he decided that we could use Smalltalk instead of Perl for a demonstration at a

web conference. I’m always amazed at the breadth of his knowledge. He’s the one who

told me to start writing about Perl. Now I’m helping out on the book where I started.

I’m honored, Randal.

I’ve probably only actually seen Tom Phoenix for less than two weeks in the entire time

I’ve worked for Stonehenge, but I’ve been teaching his version of our Learning Perl

course for years. That version turned into the third edition of this book. Teaching Tom’s

new version, I found new ways to explain almost everything, and learned even more

corners of Perl.

When I convinced Randal that I should help out on the Llama update, I was anointed

as the maker of the proposal to the publisher, the keeper of the outline, and the version

control wrangler. Our editor on the fourth edition, Allison Randal, helped me get set

up in all of those roles and endured my frequent emails without complaining.

Special non-Perl thanks to Stacey, Buster, Mimi, Roscoe, Amelia, Lila, and everyone

else who tried to distract me while I was busy but still talked to me even though I

couldn’t come out to play.

From All of Us. Thanks to our reviewers David H. Adler, Andy Armstrong, Dave Cross,

Chris Devers, Paul Fenwick, Stephen B. Jenkins, Matthew Musgrove, Steve Peters, and

Wil Wheaton for providing comments on the draft of this book.

Preface | xvii

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