Java 7并发编程实战指南：60个高效实用配方

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《Java 7并发编程实战手册》是一本专门针对Java 7环境下的并发编程实践的入门级指南。作者Javier Fernández González凭借丰富的经验和深入理解，为读者提供了超过60个简单却极其有效的并发编程菜谱。这本书旨在帮助开发者掌握在Java 7平台上构建多线程应用的技巧和策略。本书的核心内容围绕以下几个方面展开： 1. **Java 7并发API介绍**：章节详细讲解了Java 7引入的新特性，如`java.util.concurrent`包中的`Executor`, `Future`, `Callable`, `BlockingQueue`等工具类，以及`Thread`和`synchronized`关键字的优化使用。 2. **并发编程基础**：涵盖了线程创建、生命周期管理、同步控制（如锁和监视器）、死锁预防和处理等内容，帮助读者理解并发编程的基本概念和原则。 3. **并行计算与流式处理**：展示了如何利用Java 7的并行流API（`Stream API`）进行高效的数据处理，以及`Fork/Join Framework`用于分解任务的原理和应用。 4. **并发安全设计**：讲解了如何避免竞态条件和数据一致性问题，包括原子操作、可见性保证和volatile关键字的使用。 5. **线程池管理与任务调度**：探讨了如何合理配置和管理线程池，以及如何利用`ThreadPoolExecutor`、`ScheduledExecutorService`等工具优化任务执行效率。 6. **并发编程最佳实践**：书中还分享了许多实用的编程模式和经验，帮助读者避免常见的并发陷阱，提高代码的性能和可维护性。 7. **案例分析与实战项目**：通过实际项目的剖析，让读者将理论知识运用到实际场景中，提升实战能力。《Java 7并发编程实战手册》强调了版权保护，确保读者在合法范围内获取和使用信息。尽管作者和出版社已经尽力保证内容的准确性，但读者在阅读过程中仍需自行判断和处理信息，因为书中提供的所有信息均不带有任何形式的担保。这是一本适合初学者和有一定Java基础的开发者深入理解并发编程并将其应用于Java 7环境的实用参考书，是提升多线程编程技能的宝贵资源。

Preface

Who this book is for

If you are a Java developer, who wants to take his knowledge of concurrent programming and

multithreading further, as well as discover the new concurrency features of Java 7, then Java

7 Concurrency Cookbook is for you. You should already be comfortable with general Java

development practices and a basic grasp of threads would be an advantage.

Conventions

In this book, you will nd a number of styles of text that distinguish between different kinds

of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text are shown as follows: “Extending the Thread class and overriding the

run() method”.

A block of code is set as follows:

public Calculator(int number) {

this.number=number;

}

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen,

in menus or dialog boxes for example, appear in the text like this: “Create a new project

with the New Project option of the File menu in the menu bar”.

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tips and tricks appear like this.

Reader feedback

Feedback from our readers is always welcome. Let us know what you think about this

book—what you liked or may have disliked. Reader feedback is important for us to develop

titles that you really get the most out of.

To send us general feedback, simply send an e-mail to feedback@packtpub.com, and

mention the book title via the subject of your message.

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Preface

If there is a topic that you have expertise in and you are interested in either writing

or contributing to a book, see our author guide on www.packtpub.com/authors.

Customer support

Now that you are the proud owner of a Packt book, we have a number of things to help you

to get the most from your purchase.

Downloading the example code

You can download the example code les for all Packt books you have purchased from your

account at http://www.PacktPub.com. If you purchased this book elsewhere, you can

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Errata

Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content, mistakes

do happen. If you nd a mistake in one of our books—maybe a mistake in the text or the

code—we would be grateful if you would report this to us. By doing so, you can save other

readers from frustration and help us improve subsequent versions of this book. If you nd

any errata, please report them by visiting

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selecting your book, clicking on the errata submission form link, and entering the details

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will be uploaded on our website, or added to any list of existing errata, under the Errata

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Piracy of copyright material on the Internet is an ongoing problem across all media. At Packt,

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Questions

You can contact us at questions@packtpub.com if you are having a problem with

any aspect of the book, and we will do our best to address it.

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Thread Management

Another concept related to concurrency is parallelism. There are different denitions and

relations with the concurrency concept. Some authors talk about concurrency when you

execute your application with multiple threads in a single-core processor, so simultaneously

you can see when your program execution is apparent. Also, you can talk about parallelism

when you execute your application with multiple threads in a multi-core processor or in a

computer with more than one processor. Other authors talk about concurrency when the

threads of the application are executed without a predened order, and talk about parallelism

when you use various threads to simplify the solution of a problem, where all these threads

are executed in an ordered way.

This chapter presents a number of recipes that show how to perform basic operations with

threads using the Java 7 API. You will see how to create and run threads in a Java program,

how to control their execution, and how to group some threads to manipulate them as a unit.

Creating and running a thread

In this recipe, we will learn how to create and run a thread in a Java application. As with every

element in the Java language, threads are objects. We have two ways of creating a thread

in Java:

f Extending the Thread class and overriding the run() method

f Building a class that implements the Runnable interface and then creating

an object of the Thread class passing the Runnable object as a parameter

In this recipe, we will use the second approach to create a simple program that creates

and runs 10 threads. Each thread calculates and prints the multiplication table of a number

between one and 10.

Getting ready

The example of this recipe has been implemented using the Eclipse IDE. If you use Eclipse

or another IDE such as NetBeans, open it and create a new Java project.

How to do it...

Follow these steps to implement the example:

1. Create a class named Calculator that implements the Runnable interface.

public class Calculator implements Runnable {

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