Core Java 基础编程（第 10 版）

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Core Java Volume I—Fundamentals Core Java Volume I—Fundamentals是Java编程语言的经典教材， tenth edition是最新版本，提供了Java编程的基础知识和高级知识。本书的作者是 Cay S. Horstmann，具有深入的 Java 编程经验和教学经验。本书的主要内容包括： 1. Java基础知识：包括Java的基本语法、数据类型、变量、运算符、控制结构、方法、数组、字符串等。 2. 对象oriented 编程：包括类、对象、继承、多态、抽象、接口等概念。 3. Java集合框架：包括ArrayList、LinkedList、HashSet、TreeSet等集合类的使用。 4. 文件输入/输出：包括文件读取、写入、追加、随机访问等操作。 5. 异常处理：包括try-catch语句、throws子句、自定义异常等。本书的特点是： 1. 系统、全面：本书涵盖了Java编程的所有方面，从基础知识到高级知识。 2. 实践导向：本书提供了大量的实践练习和项目，帮助读者快速掌握Java编程技能。 3. 适合初学者和高级开发者：本书适合所有级别的Java开发者，从初学者到高级开发者。 Core Java Volume I—Fundamentals是Java编程语言的必备教材，对于任何Java开发者来说都是非常有价值的资源。 Java是一种高级、面向对象的编程语言，具有平台独立性、可移植性和安全性等特点。Java广泛应用于Android应用开发、Web开发、桌面应用开发等领域。 Java的主要特点包括： 1. 平台独立性：Java程序可以在任何支持Java虚拟机（JVM）的平台上运行。 2. 对象oriented编程：Java支持面向对象的编程思想，包括封装、继承、多态等概念。 3. 安全性：Java具有强大的安全机制，包括类加载机制、安全管理器和加密机制等。 Java的应用领域非常广泛，包括： 1. Android应用开发：Java是Android应用开发的主要语言。 2. Web开发：Java可以用于开发Web应用程序，例如使用Java Servlet、JavaServer Pages（JSP）等技术。 3. 桌面应用开发：Java可以用于开发桌面应用程序，例如使用JavaFX、Swing等技术。 Core Java Volume I—Fundamentals是Java编程语言的经典教材，提供了Java编程的基础知识和高级知识，对于任何Java开发者来说都是非常有价值的资源。

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664Borders ........................................................................................12.4.3

668Combo Boxes ..............................................................................12.4.4

672Sliders ..........................................................................................12.4.5

678Menus ........................................................................................................12.5

679Menu Building ...........................................................................12.5.1

682Icons in Menu Items ..................................................................12.5.2

683Checkbox and Radio Button Menu Items ..............................12.5.3

684Pop-Up Menus ...........................................................................12.5.4

686Keyboard Mnemonics and Accelerators ................................12.5.5

689Enabling and Disabling Menu Items ......................................12.5.6

694Toolbars .......................................................................................12.5.7

696Tooltips ........................................................................................12.5.8

699Sophisticated Layout Management .......................................................12.6

701The Grid Bag Layout .................................................................12.6.1

703The gridx , gridy , gridwidth , and gridheight Parameters ...12.6.1.1

703Weight Fields ..............................................................12.6.1.2

704The fill and anchor Parameters ..................................12.6.1.3

704Padding .......................................................................12.6.1.4

705

Alternative Method to Specify the gridx , gridy ,

gridwidth , and gridheight Parameters ............................

12.6.1.5

706

A Helper Class to Tame the Grid Bag

Constraints ..................................................................

12.6.1.6

713Group Layout .............................................................................12.6.2

723Using No Layout Manager ......................................................12.6.3

724Custom Layout Managers ........................................................12.6.4

729Traversal Order ..........................................................................12.6.5

730Dialog Boxes .............................................................................................12.7

731Option Dialogs ...........................................................................12.7.1

741Creating Dialogs ........................................................................12.7.2

746Data Exchange ............................................................................12.7.3

752File Dialogs .................................................................................12.7.4

764Color Choosers ..........................................................................12.7.5

770Troubleshooting GUI Programs .............................................................12.8

770Debugging Tips .........................................................................12.8.1

774Letting the AWT Robot Do the Work .....................................12.8.2

Contents

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779Chapter 13: Deploying Java Applications .................................................

780JAR Files ....................................................................................................13.1

780Creating JAR ﬁles ......................................................................13.1.1

781The Manifest ...............................................................................13.1.2

782Executable JAR Files .................................................................13.1.3

783Resources ....................................................................................13.1.4

787Sealing .........................................................................................13.1.5

788Storage of Application Preferences .......................................................13.2

788Property Maps ...........................................................................13.2.1

794The Preferences API ..................................................................13.2.2

800Service Loaders ........................................................................................13.3

802Applets ......................................................................................................13.4

803A Simple Applet ........................................................................13.4.1

808The applet HTML Tag and Its Attributes .................................13.4.2

810Use of Parameters to Pass Information to Applets ...............13.4.3

816Accessing Image and Audio Files ...........................................13.4.4

818The Applet Context ...................................................................13.4.5

818Inter-Applet Communication ..................................................13.4.6

819Displaying Items in the Browser .............................................13.4.7

820The Sandbox ...............................................................................13.4.8

822Signed Code ...............................................................................13.4.9

824Java Web Start ...........................................................................................13.5

824Delivering a Java Web Start Application ................................13.5.1

829The JNLP API .............................................................................13.5.2

839Chapter 14: Concurrency ...........................................................................

840What Are Threads? ..................................................................................14.1

846Using Threads to Give Other Tasks a Chance .......................14.1.1

851Interrupting Threads ...............................................................................14.2

855Thread States .............................................................................................14.3

855New Threads ..............................................................................14.3.1

855Runnable Threads ......................................................................14.3.2

856Blocked and Waiting Threads ..................................................14.3.3

857Terminated Threads ..................................................................14.3.4

858Thread Properties .....................................................................................14.4

858Thread Priorities ........................................................................14.4.1

Contents

xvi

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859Daemon Threads ........................................................................14.4.2

860Handlers for Uncaught Exceptions ........................................14.4.3

862Synchronization .......................................................................................14.5

862An Example of a Race Condition ............................................14.5.1

866The Race Condition Explained ................................................14.5.2

868Lock Objects ...............................................................................14.5.3

872Condition Objects ......................................................................14.5.4

878The synchronized Keyword ............................................................14.5.5

882Synchronized Blocks .................................................................14.5.6

884The Monitor Concept ................................................................14.5.7

885Volatile Fields .............................................................................14.5.8

886Final Variables ............................................................................14.5.9

886Atomics .......................................................................................14.5.10

889Deadlocks ...................................................................................14.5.11

892Thread-Local Variables .............................................................14.5.12

893Lock Testing and Timeouts ......................................................14.5.13

895Read/Write Locks .....................................................................14.5.14

896Why the stop and suspend Methods Are Deprecated ...............14.5.15

898Blocking Queues ......................................................................................14.6

905Thread-Safe Collections ..........................................................................14.7

905Efﬁcient Maps, Sets, and Queues ............................................14.7.1

907Atomic Update of Map Entries ................................................14.7.2

909Bulk Operations on Concurrent Hash Maps .........................14.7.3

912Concurrent Set Views ...............................................................14.7.4

912Copy on Write Arrays ...............................................................14.7.5

912Parallel Array Algorithms ........................................................14.7.6

914Older Thread-Safe Collections .................................................14.7.7

915Callables and Futures ..............................................................................14.8

920Executors ...................................................................................................14.9

921Thread Pools ...............................................................................14.9.1

926Scheduled Execution .................................................................14.9.2

927Controlling Groups of Tasks ....................................................14.9.3

928The Fork-Join Framework ........................................................14.9.4

931Completable Futures .................................................................14.9.5

934Synchronizers ...........................................................................................14.10

xvii

Contents

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Preface

To the Reader

In late 1995, the Java programming language burst onto the Internet scene and

gained instant celebrity status. The promise of Java technology was that it would

become the universal glue that connects users with information wherever it comes

from—web servers, databases, information providers, or any other imaginable

source. Indeed, Java is in a unique position to fulﬁll this promise. It is an extremely

solidly engineered language that has gained wide acceptance. Its built-in security

and safety features are reassuring both to programmers and to the users of Java

programs. Java has built-in support for advanced programming tasks, such as

network programming, database connectivity, and concurrency.

Since 1995, nine major revisions of the Java Development Kit have been released.

Over the course of the last 20 years, the Application Programming Interface (API)

has grown from about 200 to over 4,000 classes. The API now spans such diverse

areas as user interface construction, database management, internationalization,

security, and XML processing.

The book you have in your hands is the ﬁrst volume of the tenth edition of Core

Java

. Each edition closely followed a release of the Java Development Kit, and

each time, we rewrote the book to take advantage of the newest Java features.

This edition has been updated to reﬂect the features of Java Standard Edition

(SE) 8.

As with the previous editions of this book, we still target serious programmers who

want to put Java to work on real projects. We think of you, our reader, as a program-

mer with a solid background in a programming language other than Java, and

we assume that you don’t like books ﬁlled with toy examples (such as toasters,

zoo animals, or “nervous text”). You won’t ﬁnd any of these in our book. Our

goal is to enable you to fully understand the Java language and library, not to

give you an illusion of understanding.

In this book you will ﬁnd lots of sample code demonstrating almost every language

and library feature that we discuss. We keep the sample programs purposefully

simple to focus on the major points, but, for the most part, they aren’t fake and

they don’t cut corners. They should make good starting points for your own code.

xix

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