eLearnSecurity漏洞开发笔记：攻防实战与技术详解

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"《eLearnSecurity漏洞利用开发学生笔记》是一份由Joas编写的关于网络安全渗透测试的详细教程。该笔记主要聚焦于Linux和Windows平台的漏洞利用技术，包括但不限于Lab Simulation（实验室模拟环境）、Linux Exploit Development（Linux漏洞开发）、Stack Smashing（栈溢出攻击）、控制转移指令滥用（如EIP Control）、Linux保护机制（如NX/XD和ASLR）、Return-to-libc/ret2libc技术、以及针对ASLR的绕过方法。书中还深入探讨了Linux Return-Oriented Programming（ROP）和Shellcode编写，展示了如何利用Format String Vulnerability（格式字符串漏洞）和Stack Overflow（堆栈溢出）进行攻击，特别是在Vulnserver环境中。在Windows部分，笔记涵盖了Stack-Based Buffer Overflow（基于栈的缓冲区溢出）的实践应用，如SEH Overflow（结构化异常处理表溢出），以及高级技巧如Egghunter（鸡蛋猎人技术）。此外，还包括基础Windows Shellcode的制作、如何通过Shellcode后门化PE文件，以及Windows ROP（Return-Oriented Programming）技术的运用，如Mona工具。学习者还将接触到调试工具，如GDB（GNU调试器）和Immunity Debugger，它们在理解和修复漏洞过程中扮演着关键角色。笔记中也介绍了如何利用Ropchains（rop链）来构建更加复杂的攻击链，并且提供了Metasploit框架中编写exploit的基本概念，尽管作者提到对某些特定工具CXD的笔记较为基础，但着重于分享他认为必要的基础知识和实践技巧，因为作为一名热衷于漏洞开发的学生，他希望通过这些笔记帮助读者掌握核心概念并顺利通过相关测试。这是一份详尽且实用的漏洞利用开发指南，适合对网络安全渗透测试感兴趣的专业人士或学生深入学习和实践。"

The terminator canary is based on the fact that stack buffer overflow attack depends on string

operations ending at terminators. Random canaries are generated randomly from an entropy

gathering daemon, which prevents attackers from knowing values. Random canaries are

generated at program initialization and stored in global variables. Random XOR canaries are

random carriers that are XOR scrambled using control data. It is similar to random canaries

except that the "read from stack method" to get the canary is complex. The hacker needs the

canary, algorithm, and control data to produce the original canary. They protect against

attacks involving overflowing buffers in a structure into pointers to change pointer to point at

a piece of control data.

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/16157/stack-smashing

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Stack-smashing-debugging-guide

https://www.vivaolinux.com.br/topico/C-C++/-stack-smashing-detected-unknown-terminated

https://wiki.c2.com/?StackSmashing

https://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs161/fa08/papers/stack_smashing.pdf

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1345670/stack-smashing-detected

https://www.educative.io/edpresso/what-is-the-stack-smashing-detected-error

Abusing EIP Control

A Buffer overflow occurs when a program or a process attempts to write extra data to a fixed-

length block of memory referred to as a buffer. By sending carefully crafted input to an

application, an attacker can cause the application to execute arbitrary code, possibly taking

over the machine.

several methods exist for detecting initial buffer overflow in applications, ranging from

manually reading the code to automated testing using fuzzing techniques. For this blog, We

are going to use a simple C program that has a vulnerable function and an unused function.

The source code for the program is as shown be

#include <stdio.h>

#include <unistd.h>

int helper() {

system(“touch pwnd.txt”);

}

int overflow() {

char buffer[500];

i nt userinput;

userinput = read(0, buffer, 700);

printf(“\nUser provided %d bytes. Buffer content is: %s\n”, userinput, buffer);

return 0;

}

int main (int argc, char * argv[]) {

overflow();

return 0;

}

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