TMS320 DSPBIOS 开发与编程指南

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"TMS320 DSP/BIOS User’s Guide" TMS320 DSP/BIOS 是一款专为TMS320C6000系列数字信号处理器（DSP）设计的操作系统内核，它提供了一种高效、实时的执行环境，支持嵌入式系统的开发。该用户手册详细介绍了如何在这些DSP上使用BIOS进行开发，包括其工作流程、编程技术和相关开发基础。首先，手册会阐述DSP C6000系列的基础知识，这一系列的处理器以其高性能和低功耗而被广泛应用于通信、音频处理、图像处理等领域。开发者需要理解这些处理器的架构特点，如哈佛结构、流水线处理等，以便更好地利用它们的优势。 BIOS（板级支持包）是嵌入式系统中的关键组件，它提供了任务调度、中断处理、内存管理等基本服务。在TMS320 DSP/BIOS中，开发者可以创建和管理多个并发任务，实现高效的实时响应。手册会详细介绍如何配置和使用BIOS的核心组件，如任务（Task）、事件（Event）、信号量（Semaphore）和队列（Queue），以及如何定义和注册中断服务程序。工作流程部分，通常会涵盖BIOS的启动过程，包括初始化、任务调度机制和系统运行时的行为。开发者需要了解如何编写初始化代码，以及如何通过调用特定API来启动和停止任务。此外，还会涉及错误处理和调试技巧，这对于优化和维护软件至关重要。编程技术部分，手册会介绍如何编写与BIOS兼容的代码，包括编程规范、内存管理策略以及优化技巧。此外，还会涉及与硬件交互的方法，如外设驱动的编写，以及如何使用DSP/BIOS API进行系统级的同步和通信。该文档还提醒读者，TI对其产品和服务保留随时修改和改进的权利，且不保证所有产品的所有参数都经过测试。用户在使用过程中应确保获取最新的信息，并对使用TI组件的产品和应用设计负责。TI的标准保修仅覆盖销售时的性能规格，且不承担应用程序协助或客户产品设计的法律责任。 "TMS320 DSPBIOS用户手册"是开发人员深入理解和有效利用TMS320C6000系列DSP及其BIOS的关键参考资料，提供了从系统级设计到底层硬件交互的全面指导。通过详读并实践手册中的内容，开发者能够构建出高效、可靠的嵌入式系统。

xvi

Examples

2-1 Creating and Referencing Dynamic Objects .................................................................. 2-8

2-2 Deleting a Dynamic Object ............................................................................................ 2-8

2-3 Declaring Functions in an Extern C Block .................................................................... 2-18

2-4 Function Overloading Limitation ................................................................................... 2-18

2-5 Wrapper Function for a Class Method.......................................................................... 2-19

3-1 Gathering Information About Differences in Values ..................................................... 3-13

3-2 Gathering Information About Differences from Base Value.......................................... 3-14

3-3 The Idle Loop................................................................................................................ 3-21

4-1 Interrupt Behavior for C28x During Real-Time Mode ................................................... 4-14

4-2 Code Regions That are Uninterruptible ........................................................................ 4-18

4-3 Constructing a Minimal ISR on C6000 Platform .......................................................... 4-24

4-4 HWI Example on C54x Platform .................................................................................. 4-24

4-5 HWI Example on C55x Platform .................................................................................. 4-25

4-6 HWI Example on C28x Platform .................................................................................. 4-25

4-7 Creating a Task Object................................................................................................. 4-45

4-8 Time-Slice Scheduling.................................................................................................. 4-46

4-9 Creating and Deleting a Semaphore ............................................................................ 4-59

4-10 Setting a Timeout with SEM_pend ............................................................................... 4-60

4-11 Signaling a Semaphore with SEM_post ....................................................................... 4-60

4-12 SEM Example Using Three Writer Tasks ..................................................................... 4-61

4-13 Creating a Mailbox........................................................................................................ 4-65

4-14 Reading a Message from a Mailbox ............................................................................. 4-65

4-15 Posting a Message to a Mailbox................................................................................... 4-66

4-16 MBX Example With Two Types of Tasks ..................................................................... 4-67

4-17 Using the System Clock to Drive a Task ...................................................................... 4-75

5-1 Linker Command File (C6000 Platform) ......................................................................... 5-4

5-2 Linker Command File (C5000 and C28x Platforms)....................................................... 5-4

5-3 Using MEM_alloc for System-Level Storage .................................................................. 5-5

5-4 Allocating an Array of Structures .................................................................................... 5-5

5-5 Using MEM_free to Free Memory .................................................................................. 5-6

Contents xvii

Examples

5-6 Freeing an Array of Objects ........................................................................................... 5-6

5-7 Memory Allocation (C5000 and C28x Platforms)........................................................... 5-9

5-8 Memory Allocation (C6000 Platform) ........................................................................... 5-10

5-9 Coding To Halt Program Execution with SYS_exit or SYS_abort................................ 5-12

5-10 Using SYS_abort with Optional Data Values ............................................................... 5-13

5-11 Using Handlers in SYS_exit......................................................................................... 5-13

5-12 Using Multiple SYS_NUMHANDLERS ....................................................................... 5-13

5-13 DSP/BIOS Error Handling ........................................................................................... 5-14

5-14 Using doError to Print Error Information ...................................................................... 5-14

5-15 Managing QUE Elements Using Queues..................................................................... 5-15

5-16 Inserting into a Queue Atomically ................................................................................ 5-15

5-17 Using QUE Functions with Mutual Exclusion Elements ............................................... 5-16

5-18 Using QUE to Send Messages ................................................................................... 5-17

7-1 Creating a Stream with SIO_create ............................................................................... 7-5

7-2 Freeing User-Held Stream Buffers................................................................................. 7-6

7-3 Inputting and Outputting Data Buffers............................................................................ 7-7

7-4 Implementing the Issue/Reclaim Streaming Model ....................................................... 7-8

7-5 Basic SIO Functions .................................................................................................... 7-10

7-6 Adding an Output Stream to Example 7-5 ................................................................... 7-13

7-7 Using the Issue/Reclaim Model ................................................................................... 7-15

7-8 Opening a Pair of Virtual Devices ................................................................................ 7-16

7-9 Data Exchange Through a Pipe Device....................................................................... 7-19

7-10 Using SIO_ctrl to Communicate with a Device ............................................................ 7-22

7-11 Changing Sample Rate................................................................................................ 7-22

7-12 Synchronizing with a Device ....................................................................................... 7-22

7-13 Indicating That a Stream is Ready............................................................................... 7-23

7-14 Polling Two Streams .................................................................................................... 7-24

7-15 Using SIO_put to Send Data to Multiple Clients .......................................................... 7-25

7-16 Using SIO_issue/SIO_reclaim to Send Data to Multiple Clients .................................. 7-26

7-17 Required Statements in dxx.h Header File .................................................................. 7-29

7-18 Table of Device Functions ........................................................................................... 7-29

7-19 The DEV_Fxns Structure ............................................................................................. 7-30

7-20 The DEV_Frame Structure .......................................................................................... 7-30

7-21 The DEV_Handle Structure ......................................................................................... 7-31

7-22 Initialization by Dxx_init................................................................................................ 7-33

7-23 Opening a Device with Dxx_open................................................................................ 7-34

7-24 Opening an Input Terminating Device ......................................................................... 7-34

7-25 Arguments to Dxx_open .............................................................................................. 7-34

7-26 The Parameters of SIO_create .................................................................................... 7-35

DSP/BIOS Features and Benefits

1-2

1.1 DSP/BIOS Features and Benefits

DSP/BIOS is designed to minimize memory and CPU requirements on the

target. This design goal is accomplished in the following ways:

❏ All DSP/BIOS objects can be configured statically and bound into an

executable program image. This reduces code size and optimizes

internal data structures.

❏ Instrumentation data (such as logs and traces) are formatted on the host.

❏ The APIs are modularized so that only those APIs that are used by the

program need to be bound into the executable program.

❏ The library is optimized to require the smallest possible number of

instruction cycles, with a significant portion implemented in assembly

language.

❏ Communication between the target and DSP/BIOS analysis tools is

performed within the background idle loop. This ensures that DSP/BIOS

analysis tools do not interfere with the program’s tasks. If the target CPU

is too busy to perform background tasks, the DSP/BIOS analysis tools

stop receiving information from the target until the CPU is available.

❏ Error checking that would increase memory and CPU requirements has

been kept to a minimum. Instead, the API reference documentation

specifies constraints for calling API functions. It is the responsibility of the

application developer to meet these constraints.

In addition, the DSP/BIOS API provides many options for program

development:

❏ A program can dynamically create and delete objects that are used in

special situations. The same program can use both objects created

dynamically and objects created statically.

❏ The threading model provides thread types for a variety of situations.

Hardware interrupts, software interrupts, tasks, idle functions, and

periodic functions are all supported. You can control the priorities and

blocking characteristics of threads through your choice of thread types.

❏ Structures to support communication and synchronization between

threads are provided. These include semaphores, mailboxes, and

resource locks.

❏ Two I/O models are supported for maximum flexibility and power. Pipes

are used for target/host communication and to support simple cases in

which one thread writes to the pipe and another reads from the pipe.

Streams are used for more complex I/O and to support device drivers.

❏ Low-level system primitives are provided to make it easier to handle

errors, create common data structures, and manage memory usage.

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