HTML5与ASP.NET开发者的实战指南：迈向现代Web应用

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"《HTML5编程指南：面向ASP.NET开发者》是一本专为熟悉ASP.NET技术背景的开发人员编写的书籍，旨在帮助他们理解和掌握HTML5的新特性和在ASP.NET 4.5.1环境中的应用。本书由Apress出版，注重实用性和实战，提供了一个全面的学习路径，涵盖了HTML5的关键技术，如音频/视频处理、canvas绘图、表单与控件操作、历史API和自定义数据属性、Web存储、离线Web应用开发、File API对本地文件的管理、Web Workers实现多线程以及WebSocket通信技术等。第1章概述了HTML5和ASP.NET 4.5.1的基本概念，让读者对两者有整体的认识。第二章介绍了流行的JavaScript库jQuery，这对于与HTML5元素交互至关重要。随后的章节深入探讨了HTML5的各种特性，例如第3章处理音频和视频，展示了如何利用现代浏览器的多媒体支持；第4章讲解canvas的使用，有助于创建动态和交互式的图形。第5章至第11章依次涉及Web应用程序中的高级功能，如使用History API管理页面导航、Web Storage持久化数据存储、构建离线应用、File API操作本地文件、Web Workers的并发处理以及WebSocket实时通信技术。这些章节将帮助读者构建更富交互性和性能的Web应用。第12章介绍Geolocation API，使开发者能够轻松获取用户位置信息，增强地理位置相关的应用体验。第13章则关注CSS3在Web Forms和视图样式上的应用，提升网页的视觉效果。附录A提供了丰富的学习资源，供读者进一步探索HTML5的广阔领域。本书结尾的索引方便读者查找和回顾各个主题。《HTML5编程指南：面向ASP.NET开发者》是一本实用的工具书，适合希望通过HTML5扩展ASP.NET技能的开发人员参考和实践。"

chapter 1 n overview of htML5 and asp.net 4.5

As you can see in Figure 1-6, IE9 on Windows 7 scores 138 points out of 500. You can also check how

other browsers score. Figure 1-7 shows a feature comparison between Firefox 11, Chrome 18, and Opera

12.

Figure 1-6. http://html5test.com browser score

chapter 1 n overview of htML5 and asp.net 4.5

code that detects the browser and its HTML5 support at runtime; then, based on the result, your web page

should either use those features or use some alternative.

You can manually add JavaScript code that performs various tests to detect whether a particular

HTML5 feature is supported by the target browser, but testing and managing such code is too complex

because there are so many things to check for. Luckily, utility libraries are available that make your life

easy. One such popular utility library is Modernizr. Modernizr is an open source JavaScript library that

helps you build HTML5- and CSS3-powered web sites. To use the Modernizr library, you ﬁrst need to

download the development version or production version from http://modernizr.com. Unless you wish to

debug a script, the production version is recommended due to its compact size. You can also specify which

feature tests you would like to include in the library. The downloaded Modernizr library can then be used

in your web pages for feature detection.

To give you can idea of how Modernizr can be used, let’s develop a simple web page—

HelloModernizr.htm—and test for a few HTML5 features. Listing 1-3 shows the complete HTML markup of

HelloModernizr.htm.

Listing 1-3. Detecting Features Using Modernizr

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Welcome to HTML5</title>

$(document).ready(function () {

if (Modernizr.audio) {

$(“#Message”).append(“Your browser supports the HTML5 audio tag. <br/>”);

}

if (Modernizr.video) {

$(“#Message”).append(“Your browser supports the HTML5 video tag. <br/>”);

}

if (Modernizr.canvas) {

$(“#Message”).append(“Your browser supports the HTML5 canvas tag. <br/>”);

}

if (Modernizr.draganddrop) {

$(“#Message”).append(“Your browser supports HTML5 drag-anddrop. <br/>”);

}

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Hello HTML5!</h1>

</body>

</html>

As you can see, HelloModernizr.htm includes two JavaScript libraries in the head section. The ﬁrst

tests for four HTML5 features: audio, video, canvas, and drag-and-drop. The feature-detection code runs

when the page is loaded in the browser. Notice the use of the Modernizr object, which has various

chapter 1 n overview of htML5 and asp.net 4.5

As you can see, ASP.NET is part of the overall .NET Framework and relies heavily on .NET Framework

base class libraries. On the top of the .NET Framework, ASP.NET provides features and services that are

speciﬁc to web applications. These features and services include authentication, authorization,

membership, role management, and proﬁle management, all of which can be consumed in ASP.NET web

sites and services. The two prominent ways of building ASP.NET web sites are Web Forms and MVC

applications. To develop services, you can use ASMX web services (available since version 1.0 of ASP.NET)

or other better options such as Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) services and the Web API.

Figure 1-9 shows that Web Forms and MVC views are going to use of HTML5. At ﬁrst glance, you may

think the use of HTML5 is restricted to the display part of an ASP.NET application. Although the user

interface is where you use HTML5 heavily, the integration goes deeper. Figure 1-10 shows the integration

between HTML5 and ASP.NET.

Figure 1-10. HTML5 and ASP.NET interaction

The ASP.NET server-side infrastructure sends HTML5 markup to the browser when a request is

received. The ASP.NET server-side infrastructure consists of code in a web form code ﬁle or MVC

controller. Most real-world web applications use data residing in a data store such as SQL Server. To access

this business data, you can use a combination of ADO.NET and Plain Old CLR Objects (POCOs) or Entity

Framework.

When the ASP.NET server-side infrastructure sends HTML5 markup to the client browser, the browser

renders the user interface and allows the end user to work with the page. Many HTML5 features

mentioned earlier expose programmable APIs that can be consumed using JavaScript code. The JavaScript

code can, in turn, talk with the server to retrieve data or conﬁguration needed for processing. For example,

suppose you let the end user plot a simple bar graph in the browser using the HTML5 canvas API. After the

graph is ﬁnished, you may want the user to save its data and related information to a database. This

requires transfer of data from the client browser to the server. To facilitate this data transfer, you can use

jQuery and send an Ajax request to a piece of server-side code. The server-side code then saves the data

into a database.

Some features of HTML5 may not need any server-side interaction once the page is rendered. For

example, you can display an HTML <form> that uses the new <input> types such as Email and URL. Doing so

doesn’t require any talk-back with the server.

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