Git协作开发权威指南（第3版）：追踪、分支与代码管理详解

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"《Git版本控制第三版：协作软件开发的强大工具与技术》是一本权威的专业书籍，由Prem Kumar Ponuthorai和Jon Loeliger合著。本书专为软件开发人员设计，无论你是Git新手还是经验丰富的用户，都能从中受益匪浅。它系统地涵盖了Git的基本概念到高级用法，旨在帮助读者快速掌握追踪、分支管理、合并以及代码修订的Git工具。第三版更新了内容，对Git的复杂功能进行了深入剖析，包括对树的操纵技巧、reflog和stash功能的详尽讲解。此外，书中还提供了实用且严格的建议，指导读者如何有效地利用这个开源的版本控制系统。作者根据读者的技能水平将Git概念进行分类，确保学习过程既有渐进性又有深度。对于初次接触Git的人来说，这本书是一个理想的入门指南，它通过一系列逐步的教程，使你在短时间内建立起扎实的基础。对于那些已经在Git中熟练操作但寻求新技巧和最佳实践的开发者，书中提供的深入洞察和专业见解同样有价值。该书的定价为美元59.99或加元74.99，拥有国际标准ISBN号码978-1-492-09119-6。此外，O'Reilly Media公司通过其社交媒体平台如Twitter (@oreillymedia)、LinkedIn (linkedin.com/company/oreilly-media)和YouTube (youtube.com/oreillymedia)提供支持，方便读者获取更多相关资源和更新。《Version Control with Git 第三版》是每个软件开发团队和个人必备的学习工具，它不仅教你如何使用Git，更带你领略其背后强大的协作与版本管理能力，助力你的软件开发工作更加高效和有序。"

Conventions Used in This Book

The following typographical conventions are used in this book:

Italic

Indicates new terms, URLs, email addresses, filenames, and file extensions.

Constant width

Used for program listings as well as within paragraphs to refer to program

elements such as variable or function names, databases, data types, environment

variables, statements, and keywords.

Constant width bold

Shows commands or other text that should be typed literally by the user.

Constant width italic

Shows text that should be replaced with user-supplied values or by values deter‐

mined by context.

This icon signifies a useful hint or a tip.

This icon indicates a warning or caution.

This icon indicates a general note.

Furthermore, you should be familiar with basic shell commands to manipulate files

and directories. Many examples will contain commands such as these to add or

remove directories, copy files, or create simple files:

# Command to create a new directory

$ mkdir newdirectory

# Command to write content into a file

$ echo "Test line" > file.txt

# Command to append content at the end of a file

$ echo "Another line" >> file.txt

xiv | Preface

Email bookquestions@oreilly.com to comment or ask technical questions about this

book.

For news and information about our books and courses, visit https://oreilly.com.

Find us on LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/company/oreilly-media.

Watch us on YouTube: https://youtube.com/oreillymedia.

Acknowledgments

The collective sum of the knowledge of many outweighs the sum of one. In light of

that, this project is made possible with the help of many people. I personally owe

a huge thank-you to Matthew McCullough, who provided me the opportunity to

continue to teach the world about Git and GitHub in this edition of the book. I

also thank Jon Loeliger, the main author of the book, who’s work provided a great

reference to dig deep into the weeds of Git knowledge in earlier editions of the book.

I would like to thank my tech reviewers, Jeff King, Jess Males, Aaron Sumner, Donald

Ellis, and Mislav Marohnić, who had to read through the raw writings of the book

and provided immense feedback to ensure that the chapters took shape in a way that

was comprehensible for everyone.

Also, I’d like to thank Taylor Blau, who provided early guidance and valuable feed‐

back in earlier chapters of the book, which helped me approach the overall structure

for later parts of the book. Lars Schneider developed the idea and concept for the

section “Git LFS” on page 426, which was based on a talk he prepared; for this, I

thank him deeply. The works of Elijah Newren, Derrick Stolee, and Vincent Driessen

are referenced with permission, and I am grateful for their contribution. I would

also like to thank Peter Murray; our talks about the structure of the book provided

me assurance and guidance that I was on the right track with the changes being

introduced for this third edition.

To my editors and to the staff at O’Reilly—especially Shira Evans, Virginia Wilson,

Beth Kelly, Audrey Doyle, Kim Sandoval, Sue Klefstad, David Futato, Karen Mont‐

gomery, Kate Dullea, Suzanne Huston, and Melissa Duffield—I extend a heartfelt

thank-you for your patience, motivation, and cheering to ensure that we would get

this across the finish line.

Finally, I want to thank my wife, Tejirl, and my daughter, Temyksciraa, for providing

unconditional moral support and patience; for sacrificing family dinners, date nights,

and holidays; and most of all, for believing in me. Thanks also to my parents, Ponu‐

thorai and Jayaletchmy, who taught me perseverance. And a special thank-you to

xvi | Preface

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