VxWorks 6.8设备驱动开发全英官方指南-深入实践

vxworks6.8
驱动开发指南
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《VxWorks Device Driver Developer's Guide, Volume 2: Writing Class-Specific Device Drivers》, 第6.8版，是WindRiver Systems针对VxWorks 6.8操作系统的官方驱动开发指南。这本书详细阐述了在VxWorks环境下编写特定设备驱动程序的关键技术和最佳实践，对于理解和实现高效、稳定的嵌入式系统驱动具有重要价值。 本书内容涵盖了以下几个核心知识点： 1. **VxWorks简介**：首先，它介绍了VxWorks操作系统的基础概念，包括其特点、适用领域（如实时性、小型化、安全性等）以及在嵌入式系统中的关键角色。 2. **设备驱动架构**：深入解析VxWorks设备驱动模型，包括设备管理框架、驱动程序的层次结构，以及与内核交互的方式，如中断处理、内存管理和I/O操作。 3. **类设备驱动编程**：讲解如何为不同的硬件平台（如处理器、网络接口、传感器等）编写定制驱动，涉及驱动接口设计、初始化和配置过程，以及错误处理和状态管理。 4. **内核编程技术**：涵盖了内核编程的高级技巧，如任务管理、信号量、消息队列等同步机制，以及如何利用这些工具优化驱动性能。 5. **中断管理**：阐述中断在驱动开发中的重要性，如何设计中断服务函数（ISRs），以及如何确保中断处理的效率和安全性。 6. **内存管理**：介绍VxWorks中的内存分配策略，如何正确地为驱动程序预留和管理内存，避免资源冲突。 7. **错误处理和日志记录**：讲解如何捕获和报告驱动程序运行中的错误，以及如何通过日志记录来调试和追踪问题。 8. **驱动安装和维护**：指南提供了驱动程序编译、加载和卸载的步骤，以及如何进行驱动的版本控制和更新。 9. **版权和许可**：强调了遵守版权法规的重要性，同时也指出了可能包含的第三方软件许可注意事项，提醒开发者遵循相关条款。 10. **参考资料与支持**：给出了获取进一步帮助的资源，包括 WindRiver 网站上的商标信息、第三方文档链接以及安装目录中的第三方许可通知。 《VxWorks Device Driver Developer's Guide, Volume 2》是驱动开发者必备的参考书籍，无论你是初次接触VxWorks驱动开发还是希望提升现有技能，都能从中收获丰富的知识和实践经验。通过深入学习和实践，开发者可以更好地将硬件功能集成到VxWorks平台上，构建出高效、可靠的嵌入式系统。

vxbus_device_driver_developers_guide_6.9

2018-09-19 上传
PART I: VXBUS FUNDAMENTALS 1 Getting Started with Device Driver Development .................................... 3 1.1 About Device Drivers ..................................................................................................... 3 1.2 About this Documentation ............................................................................................ 4 1.2.1 Intended Audience ........................................................................................... 4 1.2.2 Navigating this Manual .................................................................................. 4 Experienced VxWorks Device Driver Developers ........................................ 4 Novice VxWorks Device Driver Developers ................................................. 5 1.2.3 Documentation Conventions .......................................................................... 5 1.3 Additional Documentation Resources ....................................................................... 6 2 VxBus and VxBus Device Drivers ............................................................. 7 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.2 About VxBus ................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 VxBus Device Drivers ................................................................................................... 8 2.4 Design Goals ................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.1 Performance ....................................................................................................... 11 2.4.2 Maintenance and Readability .......................................................................... 11 2.4.3 Ease of Configuration ....................................................................................... 12 2.4.4 Performance Testing ......................................................................................... 12 2.4.5 Code Size ............................................................................................................ 12 3 Device Driver Fundamentals ..................................................................... 13 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 13 3.2 Driver Classes ................................................................................................................. 14 VxBus Device Driver Developer's Guide, 6.9 iv 3.2.1 General Classes .................................................................................................. 14 Serial Drivers .................................................................................................... 14 Storage Drivers ................................................................................................. 14 Network Interface Drivers .............................................................................. 15 Non-Volatile RAM Drivers ............................................................................. 15 Timer Drivers .................................................................................................... 16 DMA Controller Drivers ................................................................................. 16 Bus Controller Drivers ..................................................................................... 16 USB Drivers ....................................................................................................... 17 Interrupt Controller Drivers ........................................................................... 17 Multifunction Drivers ...................................................................................... 17 Remote Processing Element Drivers ............................................................. 18 Console Drivers ................................................................................................ 18 Resource Drivers .............................................................................................. 19 3.2.2 Other Classes .................................................................................................... 19 3.3 Driver Organization ....................................................................................................... 19 3.3.1 File Location ...................................................................................................... 20 Wind River Drivers ........................................................................................... 20 Third-Party Drivers .......................................................................................... 20 3.3.2 Sample Driver Files: wrsample ....................................................................... 21 3.3.3 Required Files ................................................................................................... 21 Driver Source File ............................................................................................. 22 Component Description File ........................................................................... 24 Driver Configuration Stub Files ..................................................................... 29 README File .................................................................................................... 31 Device Driver Makefiles .................................................................................. 31 3.4 VxBus Driver Methods .................................................................................................. 33 3.4.1 Representing Driver Methods in the Documentation ................................ 33 3.4.2 Parts of a Driver Method ................................................................................. 33 3.4.3 Calling Driver Methods ................................................................................... 34 3.4.4 Advertising Driver Methods .......................................................................... 35 3.4.5 Driver Method Limitations ............................................................................. 36 3.5 Driver Run-time Life Cycle .......................................................................................... 36 3.5.1 Driver Initialization Sequence ........................................................................ 36 Making Assumptions About Initialization Order ....................................... 37 Early in the Boot Process ................................................................................. 37 sysHwInit( ), PLB, and Hardware Discovery ............................................... 37 Driver Registration ........................................................................................... 38 Driver Initialization Phase 1 ........................................................................... 38 Kernel Startup ................................................................................................... 39 Driver Initialization Phase 2 ........................................................................... 39 Driver Initialization Phase 3 ........................................................................... 39 3.5.2 Invoking a Driver Method .............................................................................. 39 3.5.3 Run-time Operation ......................................................................................... 39 Contents v Unloading a Driver .......................................................................................... 40 Removing a Device from the System ............................................................ 40 Dissociating a Device from a Driver .............................................................. 40 3.5.4 Handling a System Shutdown Notification ................................................. 41 3.5.5 Handling Late Driver Registration ................................................................ 41 3.5.6 Driver Registration Order Considerations ................................................... 42 3.5.7 Driver-to-Device Matching and Hardware Availability ............................. 42 PLB ..................................................................................................................... 43 Other Bus Types ................................................................................................ 43 3.6 Services Available to Drivers ....................................................................................... 44 3.6.1 Configuration .................................................................................................... 44 Determining Driver Configuration Information ......................................... 45 Responding to Changes in Device Parameters ............................................ 47 3.6.2 Memory Allocation .......................................................................................... 47 Allocating Memory During System Startup ................................................ 48 Allocating Memory During Normal System Operation ............................. 49 Intermixing Memory Allocation Methods within a Single Driver ........... 49 3.6.3 Non-Volatile RAM Support ............................................................................. 49 3.6.4 Hardware Access .............................................................................................. 50 Finding the Address of the Hardware Registers ......................................... 50 Reading and Writing to the Hardware Registers ........................................ 51 Special Requirements for Hardware Register Access ................................. 53 VxBus Version Considerations ........................................................................ 53 3.6.5 Interrupt Handling ........................................................................................... 54 Overview of Interrupt Handling .................................................................... 54 Interrupt Indexes .............................................................................................. 54 Dynamic Interrupt Handling .......................................................................... 55 Minimizing Work Performed Within an ISR ................................................ 56 3.6.6 Synchronization ................................................................................................ 57 Task-Level Synchronization ............................................................................ 57 Interrupt-Level Synchronization .................................................................... 58 3.6.7 Direct Memory Access (DMA) ....................................................................... 59 vxbDmaBufLib .................................................................................................. 60 DMA Considerations ........................................................................................ 60 Allocating External DMA Engines ................................................................ 63 3.6.8 Atomic Operators ............................................................................................. 65 3.7 BSP Configuration ......................................................................................................... 66 3.7.1 Requirements for PLB Devices ....................................................................... 67 3.7.2 Configuring Device Parameters in the BSP .................................................. 68 3.8 SMP Considerations ...................................................................................................... 69 3.8.1 Lack of Implicit Locking ................................................................................. 69 VxBus Device Driver Developer's Guide, 6.9 vi 3.8.2 True Task-to-Task Contention ......................................................................... 70 3.8.3 Interrupt Routing ............................................................................................. 70 3.8.4 Deferring Interrupt Processing ...................................................................... 71 3.9 Device Memory Mapping in 64-Bit Devices .............................................................. 72 3.10 Physical-to-Virtual Address Translations in 64-Bit VxWorks ................................. 73 3.10.1 64-bit Changes to the Memory Management Model ................................... 73 3.10.2 Porting Drivers That Rely on Physical-to-Virtual Address Translations .. 74 Transfer Using Descriptors .............................................................................. 74 Strategies When Order is Unpredictable ....................................................... 75 4 Development Strategies ............................................................................. 77 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 77 4.2 Writing New VxBus Drivers ........................................................................................ 77 4.2.1 Creating the VxBus Infrastructure ................................................................. 78 Writing Driver Source Files ............................................................................. 78 Writing Header Files (Optional) .................................................................... 78 Writing the Component Description File (CDF) .......................................... 78 Writing the Configuration Stub Files ............................................................ 79 Verifying the Infrastructure ............................................................................ 80 4.2.2 Modifying the BSP (Optional) ........................................................................ 80 4.2.3 Adding Debug Code ........................................................................................ 81 4.2.4 Adding the VxBus Driver Methods ............................................................... 81 4.2.5 Removing Global Variables ............................................................................ 82 4.3 VxBus Show Routines ................................................................................................... 83 4.3.1 Available Show Routines ................................................................................ 83 vxBusShow( ) ..................................................................................................... 83 vxbDevStructShow( ) ........................................................................................ 85 vxbDevPathShow( ) .......................................................................................... 86 4.3.2 PCI Show Routines .......................................................................................... 86 pciDevShow( ) ................................................................................................... 87 vxbPciDeviceShow( ) ........................................................................................ 87 vxbPciHeaderShow( ) ....................................................................................... 88 vxbPciFindDeviceShow( ) ................................................................................ 89 vxbPciFindClassShow( ) ................................................................................... 89 vxbPciConfigTopoShow( ) ............................................................................... 90 4.3.3 Using Show Routines from Software ............................................................ 91 4.3.4 Configuring Show Routines into VxWorks .................................................. 93 4.4 Debugging ....................................................................................................................... 94 4.4.1 Configuring Show Routines ........................................................................... 94 Contents vii 4.4.2 Deferring Driver Registration ........................................................................ 95 4.4.3 Including Debug Code .................................................................................... 95 4.4.4 Confirming Register Access ............................................................................ 96 4.4.5 Increasing the Size of HWMEM_POOL ........................................................ 96 4.4.6 Confirming Device and Driver Name Matches ........................................... 96 5 Driver Release Procedure .......................................................................... 99 5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 99 5.2 Driver Source Location .................................................................................................. 100 5.3 Driver-Specific Directories ............................................................................................ 101 5.4 Driver Installation and the README File ................................................................ 102 5.5 Driver Packaging ............................................................................................................ 103 5.6 Driver Release Procedure ............................................................................................. 104 PART II: DEVICE DRIVER PORTING 6 Class-Specific Driver Development .......................................................... 107 6.1 About VxBus Driver Classes ........................................................................................ 107 6.2 Before You Begin ............................................................................................................. 107 6.3 About the Class-Specific Driver Documentation ..................................................... 108 7 Bus Controller Drivers ................................................................................ 109 7.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 109 7.2 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 109 7.3 VxBus Driver Methods .................................................................................................. 111 7.3.1 {busCtlrDevCfgRead}( ) ................................................................................... 111 7.3.2 {busCtlrCfgRead}( ) ........................................................................................... 112 7.3.3 {busCtlrDevCfgWrite}( ) ................................................................................... 113 7.3.4 {busCtlrCfgWrite}( ) .......................................................................................... 113 7.3.5 {busCtlrDevCtlr}( ) ............................................................................................ 114 7.3.6 {busCtlrAccessOverride}( ) .............................................................................. 115 Override for (*busCfgRead)( ) ......................................................................... 115 Override for (*busCfgWrite)( ) ........................................................................ 116 Override for (*vxbDevControl)( ) ................................................................... 116 VxBus Device Driver Developer's Guide, 6.9 viii 7.3.7 {busCtlrCfgInfo}( ) ............................................................................................. 116 7.3.8 {busCtlrBaseAddrCvt}( ) .................................................................................. 117 7.3.9 {vxbDevRegMap}( ) ........................................................................................... 117 Specifying a Predefined Transaction Type ..................................................... 119 Providing a New Transaction Type ............................................................... 120 7.3.10 {vxbIntDynaVecProgram}( ) ............................................................................. 122 7.4 Header Files ..................................................................................................................... 122 7.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 123 7.5.1 PCI Configuration ............................................................................................ 124 7.5.2 PCI Autoconfiguration .................................................................................... 124 7.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................ 125 7.6.1 PCI Configuration ............................................................................................ 125 7.6.2 PCI Autoconfiguration ..................................................................................... 126 7.6.3 vxbBusAnnounce( ) ........................................................................................... 126 7.6.4 vxbPciBusTypeInit( ) ......................................................................................... 127 7.7 Initialization .................................................................................................................... 127 7.7.1 Initialization Example ..................................................................................... 128 vxbBusAnnounce( ) ........................................................................................... 129 vxbDeviceAnnounce( ) ..................................................................................... 130 vxbDevStructAlloc( ) ........................................................................................ 130 vxbDevStructFree( ) .......................................................................................... 130 7.8 Debugging ........................................................................................................................ 130 8 Direct Memory Access Drivers .................................................................. 131 8.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 131 8.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 131 8.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 132 8.3.1 {vxbDmaResourceGet}( ) .................................................................................. 132 8.3.2 {vxbDmaResourceRelease}( ) ........................................................................... 133 8.3.3 {vxbDmaResDedicatedGet}( ) .......................................................................... 133 8.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 133 8.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 134 8.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................. 134 8.7 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 134 Contents ix 8.8 DMA System Structures and Routines ....................................................................... 134 8.8.1 (*dmaRead)( ) ..................................................................................................... 135 8.8.2 (*dmaReadAndWait)( ) ..................................................................................... 135 8.8.3 (*dmaWrite)( ) .................................................................................................... 135 8.8.4 (*dmaWriteAndWait)( ) .................................................................................... 136 8.8.5 (*dmaCancel)( ) .................................................................................................. 136 8.8.6 (*dmaPause)( ) ................................................................................................... 136 8.8.7 (*dmaResume)( ) ................................................................................................ 136 8.8.8 (*dmaStatus)( ) ................................................................................................... 136 8.9 Debugging ....................................................................................................................... 137 9 I2C Drivers ................................................................................................... 139 9.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 139 9.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 139 9.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 140 9.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 141 9.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 141 9.6 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 143 9.7 Implementing Driver Service Routines ...................................................................... 144 (*VXB_I2C_LOCK_BUS_FUNC)( ) ................................................................. 145 (*VXB_I2C_UNLOCK_BUS_FUNC)( ) ........................................................... 145 (*VXB_I2C_START_FUNC)( ) .......................................................................... 145 (*VXB_I2C_STOP_FUNC)( ) ............................................................................ 146 (*VXB_I2C_READ_FUNC)( ) ........................................................................... 146 (*VXB_I2C_WRITE_FUNC)( ) ......................................................................... 146 (*VXB_I2C_DEV_READ)( ) .............................................................................. 147 (*VXB_I2C_DEV_WRITE)( ) ............................................................................ 147 9.8 Device Driver ................................................................................................................... 148 9.8.1 Generic I2C Devices .......................................................................................... 149 10 Interrupt Controller Drivers ........................................................................ 151 10.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 151 10.2 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 152 Interrupt Identification .................................................................................... 152 Interrupt Controller Driver Responsibilities ................................................. 152 Interrupt Controller Configurations ............................................................... 153 Dynamic Vectors ................................................................................................ 153 Interrupt Controller Drivers and Multiprocessing ....................................... 154 VxBus Device Driver Developer's Guide, 6.9 x 10.3 VxBus Driver Methods .................................................................................................. 154 10.3.1 Basic Methods .................................................................................................... 154 {vxbIntCtlrAlloc}( ) ............................................................................................ 154 {vxbIntCtlrFree}( ) ............................................................................................. 155 {vxbIntCtlrConnect}( ) ...................................................................................... 155 {vxbIntCtlrDisconnect}( ) ................................................................................. 155 {vxbIntCtlrEnable}( ) ......................................................................................... 156 {vxbIntCtlrDisable}( ) ........................................................................................ 156 10.3.2 Dynamic Vector Methods ................................................................................ 156 {vxbIntDynaVecConnect}( ) ............................................................................. 156 10.3.3 Multiprocessor Methods ................................................................................. 157 {vxbIntCtlrIntReroute}( ) .................................................................................. 157 {vxbIntCtlrCpuReroute}( ) .............................................................................. 157 {vxIpiControlGet}( ) .......................................................................................... 157 10.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 158 vxbIntrCtlr.h ....................................................................................................... 158 vxbIntCtlrLib.h .................................................................................................. 158 10.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 158 10.5.1 Interrupt Input Table ........................................................................................ 159 10.5.2 Dynamic Vector Table ....................................................................................... 160 10.5.3 CPU Routing Table ............................................................................................ 162 10.5.4 Interrupt Priority ............................................................................................... 163 10.5.5 Crossbar Routing Table .................................................................................... 163 10.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................. 164 10.6.1 intCtlrHwConfGet( ) ......................................................................................... 165 10.6.2 intCtlrISRAdd( ) ................................................................................................ 165 10.6.3 intCtlrISRDisable( ) ........................................................................................... 165 10.6.4 intCtlrISREnable( ) ............................................................................................ 166 10.6.5 intCtlrISRRemove( ) .......................................................................................... 166 10.6.6 intCtlrPinFind( ) ................................................................................................ 166 10.6.7 intCtlrTableArgGet( ) ........................................................................................ 166 10.6.8 intCtlrTableFlagsGet( ) ..................................................................................... 166 10.6.9 intCtlrTableIsrGet( ) .......................................................................................... 166 10.6.10 intCtlrHwConfShow( ) ..................................................................................... 166 10.6.11 intCtlrTableCreate( ) ......................................................................................... 167 10.6.12 intCtlrTableFlagsSet( ) ...................................................................................... 167 10.6.13 intCtlrTableUserSet( ) ....................................................................................... 167 10.6.14 VXB_INTCTLR_ISR_CALL( ) ......................................................................... 167 10.6.15 VXB_INTCTLR_PINENTRY_ENABLED( ) ................................................... 167 Contents xi 10.6.16 VXB_INTCTLR_PINENTRY_ALLOCATED( ) ............................................. 167 10.6.17 Dispatch Routines ............................................................................................. 168 vxbIntDynaCtlrInputInit( ) .............................................................................. 168 vxbIntDynaVecProgram( ) ............................................................................... 168 vxbIntDynaVecErase( ) ..................................................................................... 169 10.7 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 169 10.8 Interrupt Controller Topologies and Hierarchies ..................................................... 169 10.9 Interrupt Priority ............................................................................................................. 170 10.10 ISR Dispatch .................................................................................................................... 171 10.11 Managing Dynamic Interrupt Vectors ........................................................................ 173 Configuring Dynamic Vectors Using the Service Driver Routines ............ 174 Configuring Dynamic Vectors in the BSP ..................................................... 174 Programming Dynamic Vectors ...................................................................... 175 Determining Dynamic Vector Values ............................................................ 175 10.12 Internal Representation of Interrupt Inputs .............................................................. 176 10.13 Multiprocessor Issues with VxWorks SMP ................................................................ 177 10.13.1 Routing Interrupt Inputs to Individual CPUs .............................................. 177 10.13.2 Interprocessor Interrupts ................................................................................. 178 10.13.3 Limitations in Multiprocessor Systems .......................................................... 182 10.14 Debugging ........................................................................................................................ 182 11 Multifunction Drivers .................................................................................. 185 11.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 185 11.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 185 11.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 186 11.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 186 11.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 186 11.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................. 187 vxbDevStructAlloc( ) ........................................................................................ 187 vxbDeviceAnnounce( ) ..................................................................................... 187 vxbDevRemovalAnnounce( ) .......................................................................... 187 vxbDevStructFree( ) .......................................................................................... 188 vxbBusAnnounce( ) ........................................................................................... 188 11.7 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 188 11.8 Device Interconnections ................................................................................................ 188 VxBus Device Driver Developer's Guide, 6.9 xii 11.8.1 Interleaved Registers ........................................................................................ 188 11.8.2 Shared Resources ............................................................................................... 189 11.8.3 Other Interactions ............................................................................................. 190 11.9 Logical Location of Subordinate Devices ................................................................... 190 11.10 Debugging ........................................................................................................................ 190 12 Network Drivers .......................................................................................... 191 12.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 191 12.1.1 Terminology ....................................................................................................... 191 12.1.2 Networking Overview ..................................................................................... 192 Seven Layer OSI Model .................................................................................... 192 Transmission Media and VxWorks ................................................................. 192 Protocols ............................................................................................................. 193 12.2 Network Interface Drivers ............................................................................................. 193 12.2.1 Network Interface Driver Overview .............................................................. 193 IPNET-Native Drivers ...................................................................................... 193 Functional Modules .......................................................................................... 194 Network Driver Interrupts ............................................................................. 195 12.2.2 VxBus Driver Methods for Network Interface Drivers .............................. 196 {muxDevConnect}( ) ......................................................................................... 196 {muxDevConnect2}( ) ....................................................................................... 197 {vxbDrvUnlink}( ) .............................................................................................. 199 {miiMediaUpdate}( ) ......................................................................................... 199 {miiRead}( ) ........................................................................................................ 200 {miiWrite}( ) ........................................................................................................ 201 12.2.3 Header Files for Network Interface Drivers ................................................. 201 12.2.4 BSP Configuration for Network Interface Drivers ...................................... 202 12.2.5 Available Utility Routines for Network Interface Drivers ......................... 203 MUX Interactions .............................................................................................. 203 Job Queueing ..................................................................................................... 204 Buffer Management .......................................................................................... 205 DMA Support .................................................................................................... 209 PHY and MII bus interactions ......................................................................... 210 12.2.6 Initialization for Network Interface Drivers ................................................ 212 12.2.7 MUX: Connecting to Networking Code ........................................................ 212 12.2.8 jobQueueLib: Deferring ISRs ........................................................................... 213 12.2.9 Working with Ipcom_pkt Packets ................................................................... 214 Supporting Scatter-Gather with IPNET-Native Drivers .............................. 217 12.2.10 netBufLib: Transferring Data with M_BLKs ................................................ 218 12.2.11 Protocol Impact on Drivers .............................................................................. 220 Contents xiii 12.2.12 Other Network Interface Driver Issues .......................................................... 232 Receive Handling Method ............................................................................... 233 Receive Stall Handling ..................................................................................... 240 12.2.13 Debugging Network Interface Drivers .......................................................... 241 Using VxBus Show Routines ........................................................................... 241 Deferring Driver Registration ......................................................................... 241 Pairing with a PHY instance ............................................................................ 242 Stress Testing ...................................................................................................... 242 Netperf Test Suite .............................................................................................. 243 Interrupt Validation .......................................................................................... 243 Additional Tests ................................................................................................. 243 12.3 PHY Drivers ...................................................................................................................... 249 12.3.1 PHY Driver Overview ...................................................................................... 250 PHY Device Probing and Discovery .............................................................. 250 MAC and MII Bus Relationship ...................................................................... 251 Generic PHY Driver Support ........................................................................... 252 Generic TBI Driver Support ............................................................................. 252 12.3.2 VxBus Driver Methods for PHY Drivers ....................................................... 253 Upper Edge Methods ........................................................................................ 253 Lower Edge Methods ....................................................................................... 253 12.3.3 Header Files for PHY Drivers ......................................................................... 255 12.3.4 BSP Configuration for PHY Drivers ............................................................... 255 12.3.5 Available Utility Routines for PHY Drivers .................................................. 255 Upper Edge Utility Routines ........................................................................... 256 Lower Edge Utility Routines ........................................................................... 256 12.3.6 Initialization for PHY Drivers ......................................................................... 257 12.3.7 Debugging PHY Drivers .................................................................................. 257 12.4 Wireless Ethernet Drivers .............................................................................................. 258 12.5 Hierarchical END Drivers ............................................................................................. 258 13 Non-Volatile RAM Drivers .......................................................................... 259 13.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 259 NVRAM Drivers and TrueFFS ........................................................................ 259 13.2 Non-Volatile RAM Drivers ........................................................................................... 260 13.2.1 NVRAM Driver Overview ............................................................................... 260 13.2.2 VxBus Driver Methods for NVRAM Drivers ................................................ 260 {nonVolGet}( ) .................................................................................................... 260 {nonVolSet}( ) ..................................................................................................... 261 13.2.3 Header Files ....................................................................................................... 261 13.2.4 BSP Configuration for NVRAM Drivers ....................................................... 261 VxBus Device Driver Developer's Guide, 6.9 xiv 13.2.5 Utility Routines for NVRAM Drivers ............................................................ 262 13.2.6 Initialization for NVRAM Drivers .................................................................. 262 13.2.7 NVRAM Block Sizes ......................................................................................... 262 13.2.8 Stacking NVRAM Instances ............................................................................ 263 13.2.9 Debugging NVRAM Drivers ........................................................................... 263 13.3 Flash File System Support with TrueFFS ................................................................... 263 13.3.1 TrueFFS Overview ............................................................................................. 264 Core Layer .......................................................................................................... 264 MTD Layer ........................................................................................................ 264 Socket Layer ....................................................................................................... 264 Flash Translation Layer .................................................................................... 265 13.3.2 TrueFFS Driver Development Process ........................................................... 265 Using MTD-Supported Flash Devices ........................................................... 265 Writing MTD Components .............................................................................. 269 Socket Drivers .................................................................................................... 276 Flash Translation Layer .................................................................................... 282 14 RapidIO Drivers ........................................................................................... 297 14.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 297 14.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 297 14.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 299 {vxbRapidIoCtlrInfoGet}( ) .............................................................................. 299 {sharedMemSupportAPIGet}( ) ....................................................................... 300 {vxbMsgApiGet}( ) ............................................................................................ 300 14.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 301 14.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 301 RapidIO Bus Controller Driver ....................................................................... 301 Virtual Message Network Device Driver ....................................................... 301 14.6 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 302 Phase 1 ................................................................................................................ 302 Phase 2 ................................................................................................................ 302 Phase 3 ................................................................................................................ 303 14.7 Implementing Driver Service Routines ...................................................................... 303 RapidIO Bus Controller Driver ....................................................................... 303 Message Controller Driver ............................................................................... 307 15 Resource Drivers ........................................................................................ 311 15.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 311 Contents xv 15.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 311 15.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 312 15.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 312 15.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 312 15.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................. 313 15.7 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 313 15.8 Debugging ........................................................................................................................ 313 16 Serial Drivers ............................................................................................... 315 16.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 315 16.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 315 16.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 316 16.3.1 {sioChanGet}( ) ................................................................................................... 316 16.3.2 {sioChanConnect}( ) .......................................................................................... 317 16.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 317 16.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 318 16.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................. 318 16.7 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 318 16.8 Polled Mode Versus Interrupt-Driven Mode ............................................................. 318 16.9 SIO_CHAN and SIO_DRV_FUNCS ............................................................................ 319 16.10 WDB ................................................................................................................................... 321 16.10.1 WDB and Kernel Initialization ........................................................................ 321 16.11 Serial Drivers, Initialization, and Interrupts ............................................................. 321 16.11.1 WDB and Interrupts ......................................................................................... 322 16.11.2 Initialization Order and Interrupts ................................................................. 322 16.11.3 Initialization Order ........................................................................................... 323 16.12 Debugging ........................................................................................................................ 323 17 SPI Drivers ................................................................................................... 325 17.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 325 17.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 325 VxBus Device Driver Developer's Guide, 6.9 xvi 17.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 326 17.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 326 17.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 327 17.6 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 328 17.7 Implementing Driver Service Routines ...................................................................... 329 17.8 Device Driver ................................................................................................................... 329 17.8.1 SPI_EEPROM ..................................................................................................... 330 17.8.2 SPI Flash ............................................................................................................. 330 18 Storage Drivers ........................................................................................... 333 18.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 333 18.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 333 Updates in VxWorks 6.9, Update Pack 2, Service Pack 1 ............................ 334 Updates in VxWorks 6.9, Update Pack 3, Service Pack 3 ............................ 334 18.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 335 18.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 335 18.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 336 18.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................. 336 erfHandlerRegister( ) and erfHandlerUnregister( ) ..................................... 336 erfEventRaise( ) ................................................................................................. 336 xbdAttach( ) ....................................................................................................... 336 bio_done( ) .......................................................................................................... 337 18.7 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 337 18.8 Interface with VxWorks File Systems ......................................................................... 337 18.8.1 Device Creation ................................................................................................. 337 ERF Registration ................................................................................................ 338 Advertisement of XBD Methods ..................................................................... 338 ERF New Device Notification ......................................................................... 339 18.8.2 Processing ........................................................................................................... 340 xbd_request processing .................................................................................... 340 18.8.3 Event Reporting ................................................................................................. 341 18.9 Writing New Storage Drivers ........................................................................................ 342 18.10 Writing New SD/MMC/SDIO host controller Drivers ............................................ 343 18.11 Device Driver ................................................................................................................... 344 Contents xvii 19 Timer Drivers ............................................................................................... 345 19.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 345 19.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 345 19.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 346 19.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 349 19.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 349 19.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................. 349 19.7 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 349 19.8 Data Structure Layout ..................................................................................................... 350 19.9 Implementing Driver Service Routines ...................................................................... 351 19.9.1 (*timerAllocate)( ) .............................................................................................. 351 19.9.2 (*timerRelease)( ) ............................................................................................... 351 19.9.3 (*timerRolloverGet)( ) ....................................................................................... 352 19.9.4 (*timerCountGet)( ) ........................................................................................... 352 19.9.5 (*timerDisable)( ) ............................................................................................... 353 19.9.6 (*timerEnable)( ) ................................................................................................ 354 19.9.7 (*timerISRSet)( ) ................................................................................................. 354 19.9.8 (*timerEnable64)( ) ............................................................................................ 355 19.9.9 (*timerRolloverGet64)( ) ................................................................................... 355 19.9.10 (*timerCountGet64)( ) ....................................................................................... 356 19.10 Integrating a Timer Driver ............................................................................................ 357 19.10.1 VxWorks System Clock .................................................................................... 357 19.10.2 VxWorks Auxiliary Clock ................................................................................ 359 19.10.3 VxWorks Timestamp Driver ............................................................................ 360 19.11 Debugging ........................................................................................................................ 361 19.12 SMP Considerations ....................................................................................................... 361 20 USB Drivers ................................................................................................. 363 20.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 363 20.2 Wind River USB Overview ............................................................................................ 363 20.2.1 USB Host Stack Drivers .................................................................................... 364 VxBus Model Drivers ....................................................................................... 364 Other Host Drivers ............................................................................................ 364 VxBus Device Driver Developer's Guide, 6.9 xviii 20.2.2 USB Target Stack ............................................................................................... 364 20.3 Host Controller and Root Hub Class Drivers ............................................................ 365 20.3.1 VxBus Driver Methods ..................................................................................... 365 20.3.2 Header Files ....................................................................................................... 365 20.3.3 BSP Configuration ............................................................................................. 366 20.3.4 Available Utility Routines ................................................................................ 367 20.3.5 Initialization ....................................................................................................... 367 20.3.6 Debugging .......................................................................................................... 368 21 Other Driver Classes .................................................................................. 371 21.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 371 21.2 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 371 21.3 VxBus Driver Methods ................................................................................................... 372 21.4 Header Files ...................................................................................................................... 373 21.5 BSP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 373 21.6 Available Utility Routines ............................................................................................. 373 21.7 Initialization ..................................................................................................................... 373 21.8 Debugging ........................................................................................................................ 374 PART III: DEVICE DRIVER PORTING 22 Legacy Drivers and Migration ................................................................... 377 22.1 Migration Overview ....................................................................................................... 377 22.2 Legacy Driver Overview ................................................................................................ 377 23 Migrating to VxBus ..................................................................................... 379 23.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 379 23.2 Available Resources ........................................................................................................ 379 Template Drivers ............................................................................................... 379 23.3 Porting an Existing VxWorks Driver to VxBus .......................................................... 380 23.3.1 Verifying Your Hardware and Driver Code .................................................. 380 23.3.2 Creating the VxBus Infrastructure ........

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