Oracle 9i应用开发者指南：大型对象(LOBs) Release 2详解

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"Oracle 9i Application Developer’s Guide - Large Objects (LOBs) Release 2 (9.2)" 是一份由 Oracle Corporation 在2002年出版的技术文档，旨在指导开发者如何在 Oracle 9i 数据库环境中使用大型对象（LOBs）。此文档由多位作者共同编著，并包含了对 LOB 存储、操作和管理的详细说明。在 Oracle 9i 中，大型对象（LOBs）是用来存储大量非结构化数据，如文本、图像、音频或视频文件的特殊数据类型。LOBs 分为两种主要类型：BLOB（Binary Large Object）用于存储二进制数据，而 CLOB（Character Large Object）用于存储字符数据。以下是该文档可能涵盖的一些关键知识点： 1. **LOB 存储类型**：文档可能详细介绍了 BFILE、BLOB、CLOB 和 NCLOB 四种 LOB 存储类型，它们各自的特点和应用场景。 2. **LOB 存储策略**：包括临时 LOBs 和永久 LOBs 的区别，以及在内存（In-Memory LOBs）和磁盘（Persistent LOBs）上的存储配置。 3. **LOB 操作**：可能包含如何创建、读取、更新和删除 LOBs 的步骤，以及对 LOBs 进行部分读取、写入和追加的操作方法。 4. **LOB 索引**：讨论了如何为 LOBs 创建索引以提高查询性能，包括使用位图索引和快速对象访问（LOB ROWID）。 5. **LOB 性能优化**：可能涵盖了缓存策略、LOB 压缩、LOB 一致性保证以及与 LOB 数据相关的事务处理和并发控制策略。 6. **LOB 安全性**：包括如何通过权限设置来保护 LOB 数据，以及在多用户环境中的访问控制。 7. **LOB 在应用程序中的使用**：可能提供了在各种编程语言（如 PL/SQL、Java 或其他支持的 API）中使用 LOBs 的示例和最佳实践。 8. **LOB 在数据库设计中的考虑**：如何在数据库架构设计中有效地利用 LOBs，避免常见的性能问题，以及在备份和恢复策略中处理 LOBs。 9. **案例研究和示例**：文档可能包含实际应用案例和详细的代码示例，帮助开发者理解和掌握 LOB 的使用。 10. **API 参考**：提供 Oracle 提供的 API 函数和过程的详细说明，如 DBMS_LOB 包，用于在 PL/SQL 中操作 LOBs。 "Oracle 9i Application Developer’s Guide - Large Objects (LOBs) Release 2 (9.2)" 是一个全面的指南，对于需要在 Oracle 9i 环境下处理大量非结构化数据的开发人员来说，是不可或缺的参考资料。

xvi

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Loading a LOB with Data from a BFILE...................... 10-35

C (OCI): Loading a LOB with Data from a BFILE................................................................ 10-36

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Loading a LOB with Data from a BFILE...................................... 10-38

Visual Basic (OO4O): Loading a LOB with Data from a BFILE......................................... 10-39

Java (JDBC): Loading a LOB with Data from a BFILE ........................................................ 10-40

Loading an Internal Persistent BLOB with Binary Data from a BFILE................................ 10-43

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Loading an Internal Persistent BLOB

with BFILE Data........................................................................................................................ 10-45

Loading an Internal Persistent CLOB with BFILE Data.......................................................... 10-47

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Loading an Internal Persistent CLOB with

BFILE Data................................................................................................................................. 10-49

Open: Checking If a LOB Is Open............................................................................................... 10-53

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Checking if a LOB is Open............................................. 10-54

C (OCI): Checking if a LOB is Open ...................................................................................... 10-55

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Checking if a LOB is Open............................................................. 10-56

C/C++ (ProC/C++): Checking if a LOB is Open................................................................. 10-58

Java (JDBC): Checking if a LOB is Open ............................................................................... 10-59

LONG to LOB Migration Using the LONG-to-LOB API........................................................ 10-62

C (OCI): LONG to LOB Migration ......................................................................................... 10-63

LONG to LOB Copying, Using the TO_LOB Operator........................................................... 10-66

SQL: Copying LONGs to LOBs Using TO_LOB Operator................................................. 10-67

Checking Out a LOB ...................................................................................................................... 10-71

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Checking Out a LOB....................................................... 10-73

C (OCI): Checking Out a LOB................................................................................................. 10-74

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Checking Out a LOB....................................................................... 10-76

C/C++ (ProC/C++): Checking Out a LOB........................................................................... 10-78

Visual Basic (OO4O): Checking Out a LOB.......................................................................... 10-80

Java (JDBC): Checking Out a LOB.......................................................................................... 10-80

Checking In a LOB.......................................................................................................................... 10-83

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Checking in a LOB .......................................................... 10-85

C (OCI): Checking in a LOB.................................................................................................... 10-86

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Checking in a LOB........................................................................... 10-89

C/C++ (ProC/C++): Checking in a LOB .............................................................................. 10-92

Visual Basic (OO4O): Checking in a LOB ............................................................................. 10-94

Java (JDBC): Checking in a LOB............................................................................................. 10-95

Displaying LOB Data..................................................................................................................... 10-98

xvii

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Displaying LOB Data.................................................... 10-100

C (OCI): Displaying LOB Data ............................................................................................. 10-101

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Displaying LOB Data.................................................................... 10-103

C/C++ (ProC/C++): Displaying LOB Data ....................................................................... 10-105

Visual Basic (OO4O): Displaying LOB Data....................................................................... 10-106

Java (JDBC): Displaying LOB Data ...................................................................................... 10-107

Reading Data from a LOB........................................................................................................... 10-109

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Reading Data from a LOB............................................ 10-112

C (OCI): Reading Data from a LOB ..................................................................................... 10-113

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Reading Data from a LOB............................................................ 10-115

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Reading Data from a LOB............................................................. 10-116

Visual Basic (OO4O): Reading Data from a LOB............................................................... 10-118

Java (JDBC): Reading Data from a LOB .............................................................................. 10-118

Reading a Portion of the LOB (substr) ..................................................................................... 10-120

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Reading a Portion of the LOB (substr)....................... 10-122

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Reading a Portion of the LOB (substr)....................................... 10-123

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Reading a Portion of the LOB (substr) ......................................... 10-124

Visual Basic (OO4O): Reading a Portion of the LOB (substr).......................................... 10-125

Java (JDBC): Reading a Portion of the LOB (substr).......................................................... 10-126

Comparing All or Part of Two LOBs......................................................................................... 10-128

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Comparing All or Part of Two LOBs ......................... 10-130

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Comparing All or Part of Two LOBs.......................................... 10-130

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Comparing All or Part of Two LOBs............................................ 10-132

Visual Basic (OO4O): Comparing All or Part of Two LOBs............................................. 10-133

Java (JDBC): Comparing All or Part of Two LOBs............................................................ 10-134

Patterns: Checking for Patterns in the LOB (instr)................................................................. 10-137

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Checking for Pattern in the LOB (instr)..................... 10-139

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Checking for Patterns in the LOB (instr) .................................. 10-139

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Checking for Patterns in the LOB (instr)...................................... 10-141

Java (JDBC): Checking for Patterns in the LOB (instr)...................................................... 10-142

Length: Determining the Length of a LOB.............................................................................. 10-144

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Determining the Length of a LOB .............................. 10-146

C (OCI): Determining the Length of a LOB........................................................................ 10-146

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Determining the Length of a LOB .............................................. 10-148

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Determining the Length of a LOB................................................. 10-149

xviii

Visual Basic (OO4O): Determining the Length of a LOB................................................. 10-150

Java (JDBC): Determining the Length of a LOB................................................................ 10-150

Copying All or Part of One LOB to Another LOB................................................................. 10-153

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Copying All or Part of One LOB to Another LOB... 10-155

C (OCI): Copying All or Part of One LOB to Another LOB ............................................ 10-156

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Copying All or Part of One LOB to Another LOB................... 10-158

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Copy All or Part of a LOB to Another LOB................................ 10-160

Visual Basic (OO4O): Copying All or Part of One LOB to Another LOB...................... 10-161

Java (JDBC): Copying All or Part of One LOB to Another LOB ..................................... 10-162

Copying a LOB Locator............................................................................................................... 10-164

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Copying a LOB Locator............................................... 10-166

C (OCI): Copying a LOB Locator......................................................................................... 10-166

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Copying a LOB Locator............................................................... 10-168

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Copying a LOB Locator................................................................. 10-169

Visual Basic (OO4O: Copying a LOB Locator ................................................................... 10-170

Java (JDBC): Copying a LOB Locator ................................................................................. 10-170

Equality: Checking If One LOB Locator Is Equal to Another............................................. 10-173

C (OCI): Checking If One LOB Locator Is Equal to Another........................................... 10-174

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Checking If One LOB Locator Is Equal to Another................... 10-176

Java (JDBC): Checking If One LOB Locator Is Equal to Another ................................... 10-177

Initialized Locator: Checking If a LOB Locator Is Initialized............................................. 10-180

C (OCI): Checking If a LOB Locator Is Initialized ............................................................ 10-181

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Checking If a LOB Locator Is Initialized..................................... 10-183

Character Set ID: Determining Character Set ID................................................................... 10-185

C (OCI): Determining Character Set ID.............................................................................. 10-187

Character Set Form: Determining Character Set Form......................................................... 10-189

C (OCI): Determining Character Set Form......................................................................... 10-190

Appending One LOB to Another.............................................................................................. 10-193

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Appending One LOB to Another............................... 10-195

C (OCI): Appending One LOB to Another ........................................................................ 10-196

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Appending One LOB to Another............................................... 10-198

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Appending One LOB to Another................................................. 10-199

Visual Basic (OO4O): Appending One LOB to Another.................................................. 10-200

Java (JDBC): Appending One LOB to Another ................................................................. 10-201

Append-Writing to the End of a LOB ...................................................................................... 10-203

xix

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Writing to the End of (Appending to) a LOB ........... 10-205

C (OCI): Writing to the End of (Appending to) a LOB ..................................................... 10-206

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Writing to the End of (Appending to) a LOB............................ 10-208

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Writing to the End of (Appending to) a LOB.............................. 10-209

Java (JDBC): Writing to the End of (Append-Write to) a LOB......................................... 10-210

Writing Data to a LOB.................................................................................................................. 10-212

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Writing Data to a LOB.................................................. 10-215

C (OCI): Writing Data to a LOB............................................................................................ 10-217

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Writing Data to a LOB.................................................................. 10-220

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Writing Data to a LOB.................................................................... 10-222

Visual Basic (OO4O):Writing Data to a LOB...................................................................... 10-225

Java (JDBC): Writing Data to a LOB .................................................................................... 10-226

Trimming LOB Data..................................................................................................................... 10-229

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Trimming LOB Data..................................................... 10-231

C (OCI): Trimming LOB Data............................................................................................... 10-232

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Trimming LOB Data ..................................................................... 10-233

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Trimming LOB Data ....................................................................... 10-234

Visual Basic (OO4O): Trimming LOB Data........................................................................ 10-236

Java (JDBC): Trimming LOB Data........................................................................................ 10-236

Erasing Part of a LOB................................................................................................................... 10-241

PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB Package): Erasing Part of a LOB................................................... 10-243

C (OCI): Erasing Part of a LOB............................................................................................. 10-244

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Erasing Part of a LOB ................................................................... 10-245

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Erasing Part of a LOB...................................................................... 10-246

Visual Basic (OO4O): Erasing Part of a LOB ...................................................................... 10-247

Java (JDBC): Erasing Part of a LOB...................................................................................... 10-248

Enabling LOB Buffering ............................................................................................................. 10-251

C (OCI): Enabling LOB Buffering......................................................................................... 10-253

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Enabling LOB Buffering............................................................... 10-253

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Enabling LOB Buffering................................................................. 10-255

Visual Basic (OO4O): Enabling LOB Buffering.................................................................. 10-256

Flushing the Buffer....................................................................................................................... 10-257

C (OCI): Flushing the Buffer................................................................................................. 10-259

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Flushing the Buffer........................................................................ 10-259

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Flushing the Buffer.......................................................................... 10-261

Visual Basic (OO4O): Flushing the Buffer.......................................................................... 10-262

Disabling LOB Buffering........................................................................................................... 10-263

C (OCI): Disabling LOB Buffering....................................................................................... 10-265

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Disabling LOB Buffering............................................................. 10-267

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Disabling LOB Buffering............................................................... 10-269

Visual Basic (OO4O): Disabling LOB Buffering................................................................ 10-270

Updating a LOB with EMPTY_CLOB() or EMPTY_BLOB() ............................................... 10-271

SQL: UPDATE a LOB with EMPTY_CLOB() or EMPTY_BLOB().................................. 10-273

Updating a Row by Selecting a LOB From Another Table.................................................. 10-275

SQL: Update a Row by Selecting a LOB From Another Table........................................ 10-276

Updating by Initializing a LOB Locator Bind Variable........................................................ 10-277

PL/SQL: Updating by Initializing a LOB Locator Bind Variable................................... 10-279

C (OCI): Updating by Initializing a LOB Locator Bind Variable.................................... 10-279

COBOL (Pro*COBOL): Updating by Initializing a LOB Locator Bind Variable .......... 10-281

C/C++ (Pro*C/C++): Updating by Initializing a LOB Locator Bind Variable ............ 10-282

Visual Basic (OO4O): Updating by Initializing a LOB Locator Bind Variable ............. 10-283

Java (JDBC): Updating by Initializing a LOB Locator Bind Variable............................. 10-284

Deleting the Row of a Table Containing a LOB .................................................................... 10-286

SQL: Delete a LOB ................................................................................................................. 10-287

11 Temporary LOBs

Use Case Model: Internal Temporary LOBs ................................................................................ 11-1

Programmatic Environments.......................................................................................................... 11-4

Locators........................................................................................................................................ 11-4

Temporary LOB Locators Can be IN Values.......................................................................... 11-4

Can You Use the Same Functions for Temporary and Internal Persistent LOBs?............ 11-5

DBMS_LOB.createtemporary() Parameter is a Hint.............................................................. 11-5

Temporary LOB Data is Stored in Temporary Tablespace................................................... 11-5

Lifetime and Duration of Temporary LOBs............................................................................ 11-5

Memory Handling...................................................................................................................... 11-6

Locators and Semantics.............................................................................................................. 11-7

Features Speciﬁc to Temporary LOBs ........................................................................................... 11-7

Security Issues with Temporary LOBs .................................................................................. 11-10

NOCOPY Restrictions.............................................................................................................. 11-10

Managing Temporary LOBs.................................................................................................... 11-10

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