第45卷第12期 中南大学学报(自然科学版) Vol.45 No.12
2014年12月 JournalofCentralSouthUniversity(ScienceandTechnology) Dec. 2014
混流式喷水推进泵叶轮强度计算和分析
李留洋,王永生,魏应三,付建,靳栓宝
(海军工程大学 动力工程学院,湖北 武汉,430033)
摘要:探索运用计算流体力学和有限元方法计算喷水推进泵叶轮静强度和动强度的方法。对国外某混流式喷水推
进泵进行流场计算几何建模和叶轮强度计算有限元建模,采用计算流体力学方法计算和分析喷水推进泵的敞水性
能, 并与厂商提供数据进行比较以验证数值模型和计算方法的可信性; 计算“喷水推进泵+流道+船体”的稳态流场,
在此基础上计算喷水推进泵内的非定常流场,以获得叶轮表面的脉动压力载荷。提取叶轮表面的空间定常力和非
定常力作为主要载荷, 运用有限元方法对叶轮静强度和动强度进行计算和分析。 对叶轮施加的全部载荷源有重力、
离心力、流体静压力和动压力。计算结果表明:叶片的强度满足要求,叶片的最大变形量小于叶轮的叶顶间隙,叶
片的根部出现应力集中,叶片最大变形出现在叶片顶端导边处。与静强度计算相比,动强度能更真实反映叶片表
面的应力和应变。
关键词:喷水推进器;叶轮;计算流体力学;有限元法;静强度;动强度
中图分类号:U664.34 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1672−7207(2014)12−4438−07
Strengthcalculationandanalysisofimpellerof
mixedflowwaterjetpump
LILiuyang, WANG Yongsheng, WEI Yingsan, FU Jian,JIN Shuanbao
(CollegeofMarinePowerEngineering,NavalUniversityofEngineering, Wuhan430033, China)
Abstract:Computationalfluiddynamicandfiniteelementmethodwereusedtocalculatewaterjetimpeller’sstaticand
dynamic strengths. The mixed flow waterjet pump model and finite element model were built, computational fluid
dynamicswasappliedtoanalyzeandcalculatetheperformanceofthemixedflowwaterjetpumpinordertoverifythe
credibility ofnumerical modeland calculationmethod, andthenumerical result was comparedwiththe manufacture’s
data; the unsteady field of the “waterjet pump+ duct+ hull” was calculatedbased on thesteady one, from which the
fluctuatingpressureloadofthebladesurfacewasgotten.Secondly,thesteadyandunsteadysurfaceforcesoftheimpeller
were extracted as the main load, the finite element method was applied to calculate and analyze the strength of the
impeller.Gravity,acentrifugalforce,thestaticanddynamicforceweretakenastheloadstoimpellerblades.Theresults
showthatthestaticstrengthoftheimpeller is acceptable,thelargestdeformationis locatedatthegapofthebladetip;the
blade root exhibits stress concentration and the largest deformation appears at the blade tip near the loading edge.
Comparisonwiththestaticstrength,thedynamicstrengthcanmoreaccuratelyreflectthestressandstrainconditionsof
thewaterjetblade.
Key words: waterjet; impeller; computational fluid dynamic (CFD); finite element method (FEM); static strength;
dynamicstrength
喷水推进以其机动性好、操纵性优、高航速推进
效率高、振动噪声小、抗空化能力强等特点在各国海
军舰艇和民用船舶上得到了广泛应用。叶轮作为其核
心部件承载着高转速、大推力、强载荷,是整个喷水
收稿日期:2014−02−10;修回日期:2014−06−23
基金项目(Foundationitem):国家自然科学基金资助项目(51309229)(Project(51309229)supportedby theNationalNatureScienceFoundationofChina)
通信作者:王永生(1955−),男,浙江富阳人,教授,博士生导师,从事叶轮机械结构设计与数值分析研究;电话:02765461037;Email:
yongshengwang666@126.com