SUN核心J2EE模式：最佳实践与设计策略指南

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《SUN Core J2EE模式：最佳实践与设计策略》是一本深入探讨J2EE架构中的核心原则、设计方法和实用模式的专业书籍。作者针对Web开发中的关键领域，如Web层（Presentation Tier）设计考虑因素和不良实践，业务层（Business Tier）设计策略，以及如何识别和应用J2EE模式进行系统重构，提供了详尽的指南。本书首先介绍J2EE（Java 2 Enterprise Edition）的概述，强调其在企业级应用开发中的重要性，并阐述了什么是设计模式。设计模式是可重用的解决方案，它们在特定的设计场景中提供通用的最佳实践，帮助开发者避免常见的问题和错误。第二部分深入剖析了设计层面的考虑因素和需要避免的不良做法。在Presentation Tier（表现层）部分，读者可以学习到如何优化用户界面设计、处理性能和安全性等问题。同时，商务层（Business Tier）设计时应关注的数据访问、事务管理和服务层集成等，书中列举了不当实践以供参考和改进。第三部分是本书的核心，涵盖了J2EE模式的全面概述。作者解释了模式的定义，如何通过 tiered（分层）方法来理解和应用模式，并详细介绍了六章具体的J2EE模式，包括但不限于架构模式、数据访问模式、事务管理模式等。这些模式旨在指导开发者创建更高效、可扩展和易于维护的J2EE应用。每一章都提供了模式识别的技巧，以及如何将这些模式应用于实际项目中的步骤。此外，书中还包含了重构建议，以应对随着业务需求变化和技术演进时可能遇到的问题，帮助开发者不断提升系统的健壮性和可维护性。《SUN Core J2EE patterns》是一本适合J2EE开发者、架构师以及技术管理人员阅读的实用手册，通过深入讲解和实例分析，它不仅传授了必要的知识，还强调了在J2EE环境中遵循良好设计模式的重要性，为构建高质量的企业级应用程序提供了宝贵的经验和指引。

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The last few years have been extraordinary with respect to the

changing landscape of enterprise software development. At the

center of this change is the Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE),

which provides a unified platform for developing distributed,

server-centric applications. The widespread adoption of the strategic,

enabling technologies of the J2EE have provided the development

community with open standards on which to build service-based

architectures for the enterprise.

At the same time, learning J2EE technologies is too often confused

with learning to design with J2EE technologies. Many existing Java

books do an excellent job of explaining specific aspects of the

technology, but are not always clear on how to apply it.

A J2EE architect needs to understand more than the relevant APIs,

including

• What are the best practices?

• What are the bad practices?

• What are the common recurring problems and proven solutions

to these problems?

• How is code refactored from a less optimal scenario, or bad

practice, to a better one typically described by a pattern?

That is what this book is all about. Good designs are discovered from

experience. When these designs are communicated as patterns using

a standard pattern template, they become a powerful mechanism for

communication exchange and reuse, and can be leveraged to improve

the way we design and build software.

What Is J2EE?

J2EE is a platform for developing distributed enterprise software

applications. Since the inception of the Java language, it has

undergone tremendous adoption and growth. More and more

technologies have become part of the Java platform, and new APIs

and standards have been developed to address various needs.

Eventually, Sun and a group of industry leaders, under the auspices of

the open Java Community Process (JCP), unified all these

enterprise-related standards and APIs into the J2EE Platform.

The J2EE Platform offers numerous advantages to the enterprise:

• J2EE establishes standards for areas of enterprise computing

needs such as database connectivity, enterprise business

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components, message-oriented middleware (MOM),

Web-related components, communication protocols, and

interoperability.

• J2EE promotes best-of-breed implementations based on open

standards, protecting technological investment.

• J2EE provides a standard platform for building software

components that are portable across vendor implementations,

avoiding vendor lock-in.

• J2EE increases time-to-market since much of the infrastructure

and plumbing is provided by the vendors' products that are

implemented according to the standard J2EE specification. IT

organizations can now get out of the middleware business and

concentrate on building applications for their business.

• J2EE increases programmer productivity, since Java

programmers can relatively easily learn J2EE technologies

based on the Java language. All enterprise software

development can be accomplished under the J2EE platform,

using Java as the programming language.

• J2EE promotes interoperability within existing heterogenous

environments.

We discuss the J2EE Platform in greater detail in Chapter 2, so refer to

that chapter for more information. Now we will take a brief look at

patterns, their history, and the types of patterns in the J2EE Pattern

Catalog that you will find in Part 3 of this book.

What Are Patterns?

Historical References

In the 1970s, Christopher Alexander [Alex, Alex2] wrote a number of

books documenting patterns in civil engineering and architecture. The

software community subsequently adopted the idea of patterns based

on his work, though there was burgeoning interest in the software

community in these ideas already.

Patterns in software were popularized by the book Design Patterns:

Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software by Erich Gamma,

Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides (also known as the

Gang of Four, or GoF). Of course, while the Gang of Four work

resulted in patterns becoming a common discussion topic in software

development teams around the world, the important point to

remember is that the patterns they describe were not invented by

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taxonomies have been suggested, there is no one right way to

document these ideas.

We refer to the patterns in the catalog simply as “J2EE patterns”. Each

pattern hovers somewhere between a design pattern and an

architectural pattern, while the strategies document portions of each

pattern at a lower level of abstraction. The only scheme we have

introduced is to classify each pattern within one of the following three

logical architectural tiers:

• presentation tier

• business tier

• integration tier

At some point in the evolution of the pattern catalog, perhaps it will

grow to a size that will warrant its being classified using a more

sophisticated scheme. Currently, however, we prefer to keep things

simple and not to introduce any new terms unnecessarily.

J2EE Pattern Catalog

Continuous Evolution

The J2EE patterns described in this book are based on our collective

experience of working on the J2EE platform with Sun Java Center

clients around the world. The Sun Java Center, a part of Sun

Professional Services, is a consulting organization focused on building

Java technology-based solutions for customers. We have been

creating solutions for the J2EE platform since the platform's inception,

focusing on achieving Quality of Service goals such as scalability,

availability, and performance.

During the early days, as we designed, developed, and implemented

various systems on the J2EE platform, we started documenting our

experiences in an informal way as design considerations, ideas, and

notes. As the knowledge base grew, we recognized a need for a

slightly more formal documentation to capture and communicate this

knowledge. We transitioned to documenting these ideas as patterns,

since patterns are ideally suited to capturing and communicating

knowledge related to recurring problems and solutions.

The first order of business was to sort out the level of abstraction with

which the patterns were to be documented. Some problems and

solutions overlapped others in that the core of the problem was the

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SUN核心J2EE模式：最佳实践与设计策略指南

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J2EE核心模式 英文版 Core J2EE Patterns - Best Practices and Design Strategies [ Sun Microsystems Press, 2003]

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最新资源

J2EE核心模式英文版 Core J2EE Patterns - Best Practices and Design Strategies [ Sun Microsystems Press, 2003]