JESD84-B50(eMMC-Spec-V5.0): Linux eMMC驱动开发关键标准文档

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"JESD84-B50(eMMC-Spec-V5.0)是一份由JEDEC（固态技术协会）发布的嵌入式多媒体卡（eMMC）电气标准文档，适用于第五版，更新自JESD84-B451，发布于2012年6月，最后一次修订在2013年9月。这份文档是理解和开发Linux驱动程序中mmc模块，特别是针对eMMC闪存存储器的关键参考资料，因为eMMC是现代移动设备中常见的非易失性存储解决方案。 eMMC规范定义了接口、电气特性和操作流程，确保不同厂商生产的eMMC产品具有互换性和一致性。对于驱动开发人员来说，了解这些标准至关重要，因为它提供了关于数据传输速度、命令集、错误处理机制、安全特性以及电源管理等详细信息。在Linux环境下，MMC驱动开发者需要遵循这些标准来实现对eMMC设备的正确识别、初始化、读写操作和错误检测。 Linux内核中的mmc模块负责与各种类型的MMC/eMMC存储设备进行通信，包括但不限于SD卡、UHS-I高速接口的eMMC。为了编写兼容的驱动程序，开发者需要熟悉JESD84-B50中的章节，如命令接口（CMD）、响应（ACMD）、块设备I/O操作、时序要求、命令定时和数据传输速率控制等部分。在开发过程中，可能涉及到的步骤包括解析并理解命令和响应结构，实现正确的中断处理和错误恢复机制，以及确保驱动程序能够适应不同的设备能力和配置选项。此外，文档中还涉及到了安全方面的内容，例如加密和认证机制，这对于涉及用户数据保护的应用至关重要。需要注意的是，尽管这份标准不直接包含专利授权，但JEDEC通过制定标准来促进市场上的公平竞争，避免专利纠纷，确保用户可以快速获得适合的产品。因此，在开发过程中，开发者应遵守标准规定，同时也要了解可能存在的知识产权问题，以避免侵犯他人权益。 JESD84-B50(eMMC-Spec-V5.0)是Linux驱动程序开发人员在设计和实现eMMC驱动时不可或缺的参考材料，它不仅提供了技术规范，也界定了行业最佳实践，确保了系统的稳定性和兼容性。"

JEDEC Standard No. 84-B50

-xii-

Contents (cont'd)

Page

TABLES

Table 1 e•MMC Voltage Modes ........................................................................................................................... 4

Table 2 e•MMC interface ..................................................................................................................................... 7

Table 3 e•MMC registers ...................................................................................................................................... 8

Table 4 Bus Speed Modes .................................................................................................................................. 15

Table 5 Bus modes overview .............................................................................................................................. 18

Table 6 EXT_CSD access mode ......................................................................................................................... 41

Table 7 Bus testing pattern ................................................................................................................................. 45

Table 8 1-bit bus testing pattern .......................................................................................................................... 45

Table 9 4-bit bus testing pattern .......................................................................................................................... 46

Table 10 8-bit bus testing pattern .......................................................................................................................... 46

Table 11 Erase command (CMD38) Valid arguments .......................................................................................... 55

Table 12 Erase command (CMD38) Valid arguments .......................................................................................... 59

Table 13 Write Protection Hierarchy (when disable bits are clear) ...................................................................... 62

Table 14 Write Protection Types (when disable bits are clear) ............................................................................ 62

Table 15 Security Protocol Information................................................................................................................ 64

Table 16 Lock Device data structure .................................................................................................................... 68

Table 17 Data Frame Files for RPMB .................................................................................................................. 74

Table 18 RPMB Request/Response Message Types ............................................................................................ 74

Table 19 RPMB Operation Results data structure ................................................................................................ 75

Table 20 RPMB Operation Results ....................................................................................................................... 75

Table 21 MAC Example ....................................................................................................................................... 77

Table 22 Authentication Key Data Packet ............................................................................................................ 78

Table 23 Result Register Read Request Packet .................................................................................................... 79

Table 24 Response for Key Programming Result Request ................................................................................... 79

Table 25 Counter Read Request Packet ................................................................................................................ 80

Table 26 Counter Value Response ........................................................................................................................ 80

Table 27 Program Data Packet ............................................................................................................................. 81

Table 28 Result Register Read Request Packet .................................................................................................... 82

Table 29 Response for Data Programming Result Request .................................................................................. 82

Table 30 Data Read Request Initiation Packet ...................................................................................................... 83

Table 31 Read Data Packet ................................................................................................................................... 83

Table 32 Interruptible commands ......................................................................................................................... 86

Table 33 Packed Command Structure ................................................................................................................... 93

Table 34 Features Cross Reference Table ............................................................................................................. 97

Table 35 eMMC internal sizes and related Units / Granularities ....................................................................... 100

Table 36 Admitted Data Sector Size, Address Mode and Reliable Write granularity ........................................ 102

Table 37 Real Time Clock Information Block Format ....................................................................................... 103

Table 38 RTC_INFO_TYPE Field Description .................................................................................................. 103

Table 39 Command Format ................................................................................................................................ 109

Table 40 Supported Device command classes (0–56) ........................................................................................ 110

Table 41 Basic commands (class 0 and class 1) ................................................................................................. 111

Table 42 Block-oriented read commands (class 2) ............................................................................................. 112

Table 43 Class 3 commands ............................................................................................................................... 112

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JEDEC Standard No. 84-B50

-xiii-

Contents (cont'd)

Page

Table 44 Block-oriented write commands (class 4) ............................................................................................ 113

Table 45 Block-oriented write protection commands (class 6) ........................................................................... 114

Table 46 Erase commands (class 5) .................................................................................................................... 115

Table 47 I/O mode commands (class 9).............................................................................................................. 116

Table 48 Lock Device commands (class 7) ........................................................................................................ 116

Table 49 Application-specific commands (class 8) ............................................................................................ 116

Table 50 Security Protocols (class 10) ................................................................................................................ 117

Table 51 Device state transitions ........................................................................................................................ 118

Table 52 R1 response .......................................................................................................................................... 120

Table 53 R2 response .......................................................................................................................................... 121

Table 54 R3 Response ........................................................................................................................................ 121

Table 55 R4 response .......................................................................................................................................... 121

Table 56 R5 response .......................................................................................................................................... 121

Table 57 Device status ........................................................................................................................................ 123

Table 58 Device Status field/command - cross reference ................................................................................... 125

Table 59 Response 1 Status Bit Valid ................................................................................................................. 126

Table 60 Timing Parameters ............................................................................................................................... 138

Table 61 Timing Parameters for HS200 & HS400 mode ................................................................................... 139

Table 62 H/W reset timing parameters ............................................................................................................... 142

Table 63 OCR register definitions ...................................................................................................................... 144

Table 64 CID Fields ............................................................................................................................................ 145

Table 65 Device Types ....................................................................................................................................... 145

Table 66 Valid MDT “y” Field Values ............................................................................................................... 146

Table 67 CSD Fields ........................................................................................................................................... 148

Table 68 CSD register structure .......................................................................................................................... 149

Table 69 System specification version................................................................................................................ 149

Table 70 TAAC access-time definition .............................................................................................................. 149

Table 71 Maximum bus clock frequency definition ........................................................................................... 150

Table 72 Supported Device command classes .................................................................................................... 150

Table 73 Data block length ................................................................................................................................. 150

Table 74 DSR implementation code table .......................................................................................................... 151

Table 75 V

(min) current consumption ........................................................................................................... 152

Table 76 V

(max) current consumption .......................................................................................................... 152

Table 77 Multiplier factor for device size ........................................................................................................... 153

Table 78 R2W_FACTOR ................................................................................................................................... 154

Table 79 File formats .......................................................................................................................................... 155

Table 80 ECC type .............................................................................................................................................. 155

Table 81 CSD field command classes................................................................................................................. 156

Table 82 Extended CSD ..................................................................................................................................... 158

Table 83 EXT_SECURITY_ERR byte description ............................................................................................ 162

Table 84 Device-supported command sets ......................................................................................................... 162

Table 85 HPI features ......................................................................................................................................... 163

Table 86 Background operations support ........................................................................................................... 163

Table 87 Context Management Context Capabilities ......................................................................................... 164

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JEDEC Standard No. 84-B50

-xiv-

Contents (cont'd)

Page

Table 88 Extended CSD Register Support .......................................................................................................... 164

Table 89 SUPPORTED_MODES ....................................................................................................................... 165

Table 90 FFU FEATURES ................................................................................................................................. 165

Table 91 MODE_OPERATION_CODES timeout definition ............................................................................ 165

Table 92 Device life time estimation type B value ............................................................................................. 166

Table 93 Device life time estimation type A value ............................................................................................. 167

Table 94 Pre EOL info value .............................................................................................................................. 167

Table 95 Optimal read size value ........................................................................................................................ 168

Table 96 Optimal write size value ...................................................................................................................... 168

Table 97 Optimal trim unit size value ................................................................................................................. 168

Table 98 Generic Switch Timeout Definition ..................................................................................................... 169

Table 99 Power off long switch timeout definition ............................................................................................ 169

Table 100 Background operations status .............................................................................................................. 170

Table 101 Correctly programmed sectors number ................................................................................................ 170

Table 102 Initialization Time out value ................................................................................................................ 170

Table 103 TRIM/DISCARD Time out value ........................................................................................................ 171

Table 104 SEC Feature Support ........................................................................................................................... 171

Table 105 Secure Erase time-out value................................................................................................................. 172

Table 106 Secure Erase time-out value................................................................................................................. 172

Table 107 Boot information .................................................................................................................................. 172

Table 108 Boot partition size ................................................................................................................................ 173

Table 109 Access size ........................................................................................................................................... 173

Table 110 Superpage size ..................................................................................................................................... 173

Table 111 Erase-unit size ...................................................................................................................................... 173

Table 112 Erase timeout values ............................................................................................................................ 174

Table 113 Reliable write sector count .................................................................................................................. 174

Table 114 Write protect group size ....................................................................................................................... 174

Table 115 S_C_VCC, S_C_VCCQ Sleep Current ............................................................................................... 175

Table 116 Production State Awareness timeout definition ................................................................................... 175

Table 117 Sleep/awake timeout values ................................................................................................................. 175

Table 118 Sleep Notification timeout values ........................................................................................................ 176

Table 119 R/W access performance values .......................................................................................................... 177

Table 120 Power classes ....................................................................................................................................... 178

Table 121 Partition switch timeout definition ....................................................................................................... 179

Table 122 Out-of-interrupt timeout definition ...................................................................................................... 179

Table 123 Supported Driver Strengths ................................................................................................................. 179

Table 124 Device types......................................................................................................................................... 180

Table 125 CSD register structure .......................................................................................................................... 180

Table 126 Extended CSD revisions ...................................................................................................................... 181

Table 127 Standard MMC command set revisions ............................................................................................... 181

Table 128 Power class codes ................................................................................................................................ 181

Table 129 HS_TIMING (timing and driver strength) ........................................................................................... 182

Table 130 HS_TIMING Interface values.............................................................................................................. 182

Table 131 Bus mode values .................................................................................................................................. 182

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JEDEC Standard No. 84-B50

-xv-

Contents (cont'd)

Page

Table 132 Erased memory content values ............................................................................................................ 183

Table 133 Boot configuration bytes ...................................................................................................................... 183

Table 134 Boot config protection ......................................................................................................................... 184

Table 135 Boot bus configuration ......................................................................................................................... 184

Table 136 Bus Width and Timing Mode Transition ............................................................................................. 185

Table 137 ERASE_GROUP_DEF ........................................................................................................................ 186

Table 138 BOOT area Partitions write protection ................................................................................................ 187

Table 139 User area write protection .................................................................................................................... 189

Table 140 FW Update Disable .............................................................................................................................. 190

Table 141 RPMB Partition Size ............................................................................................................................ 190

Table 142 Write reliability setting ........................................................................................................................ 191

Table 143 Write reliability parameter register ...................................................................................................... 192

Table 144 Background operations enable ............................................................................................................. 192

Table 145 H/W reset function ............................................................................................................................... 193

Table 146 HPI management ................................................................................................................................. 193

Table 147 Partitioning Support ............................................................................................................................. 194

Table 148 Max. Enhanced Area Size .................................................................................................................... 194

Table 149 Partitions Attribute ............................................................................................................................... 195

Table 150 Partition Setting ................................................................................................................................... 195

Table 151 General Purpose Partition Size ............................................................................................................ 196

Table 152 Enhanced User Data Area Size ............................................................................................................ 197

Table 153 Enhanced User Data Start Address ...................................................................................................... 197

Table 154 Secure Bad Block management ........................................................................................................... 197

Table 155 PRODUCTION_STATE_AWARENESS states ................................................................................. 198

Table 156 CMD26 and CMD27 in DDR mode Support ....................................................................................... 199

Table 157 Initialization Time out value ................................................................................................................ 200

Table 158 Class 6 usage........................................................................................................................................ 200

Table 159 EXCEPTION_EVENTS_CTRL[56] ................................................................................................... 200

Table 160 EXCEPTION_EVENTS_CTRL[57] ................................................................................................... 200

Table 161 EXCEPTION_EVENTS_STATUS[54] .............................................................................................. 201

Table 162 EXCEPTION_EVENT_STATUS[55]................................................................................................. 201

Table 163 First Byte EXT_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE[52] ............................................................................. 201

Table 164 Second Byte EXT_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE[53] ........................................................................ 201

Table 165 CONTEXT_CONF configuration format ............................................................................................ 202

Table 166 Packed Command Status Register ....................................................................................................... 202

Table 167 Valid POWER_OFF_NOTIFICATION values ................................................................................... 203

Table 168 CACHE ENABLE ............................................................................................................................... 203

Table 169 FLUSH CACHE .................................................................................................................................. 204

Table 170 Valid MODE_CONFIG values ............................................................................................................ 204

Table 171 Valid MODE_OPERATION_CODES values ..................................................................................... 204

Table 172 FFU Status codes ................................................................................................................................. 205

Table 173 Secure Removal Type .......................................................................................................................... 207

Table 174 Error correction codes .......................................................................................................................... 208

Table 175 DSR register content ............................................................................................................................ 218

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JEDEC Standard No. 84-B50

-xvi-

Contents (cont'd)

Page

Table 176 General operating conditions ............................................................................................................... 220

Table 177 e•MMC power supply voltage ............................................................................................................. 222

Table 178 e•MMC voltage combinations ............................................................................................................. 222

Table 179 Capacitance .......................................................................................................................................... 223

Table 180 Open-drain bus signal level ................................................................................................................. 226

Table 181 Push-pull signal level—high-voltage e•MMC ..................................................................................... 226

Table 182 Push-pull signal level—1.70 -1.95 VCCQ voltage Range ................................................................... 226

Table 183 Push-pull signal level—1.1V-1.3V VCCQ range e•MMC .................................................................. 226

Table 184 I/O driver strength types ...................................................................................................................... 227

Table 185 Driver Type-0 AC Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 228

Table 186 High-speed Device interface timing .................................................................................................... 229

Table 187 Backward-compatible Device interface timing .................................................................................... 230

Table 188 High-speed dual rate interface timing .................................................................................................. 232

Table 189 HS200 Clock signal timing .................................................................................................................. 233

Table 190 HS200 Device input timing ................................................................................................................. 234

Table 191 Output timing ....................................................................................................................................... 235

Table 192 Temperature Conditions ...................................................................................................................... 236

Table 193 HS400 Device input timing ................................................................................................................. 237

Table 194 HS400 Device Output timing............................................................................................................... 238

Table 195 HS400 Capacitance .............................................................................................................................. 239

Table 196 e•MMC host requirements for Device classes ..................................................................................... 241

Table 197 New Features List for device type ....................................................................................................... 242

Table 198 Macro commands ................................................................................................................................. 245

Table 199 Forward-compatible host interface timing ........................................................................................... 255

Table 200 Bus testing for eight data lines ............................................................................................................. 258

Table 201 Bus testing for four data lines .............................................................................................................. 258

Table 202 Bus testing for one data line................................................................................................................. 258

Table 203 XNOR values ....................................................................................................................................... 259

Table 204 Package Case Temp (Tc) per current consumption ............................................................................. 265

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