TOGAF9架构框架个人PDF版

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"TOGAF Version 9 - Personal PDF Edition.pdf" TOGAF（The Open Group Architecture Framework）是一种广泛采用的企业架构框架，旨在帮助组织规划、设计、实施和治理其信息技术架构。TOGAF Version 9是该框架的最新版本，发布于2009年，由The Open Group出版。这个个人PDF版仅供个人使用，不可用于再分发。 TOGAF的核心目标是提供一个结构化的流程，使得企业能够有效地开发和管理其企业架构。它不仅关注技术架构，还涵盖了业务、数据和应用架构等多个方面，旨在确保企业的IT系统与业务战略保持一致。第一部分：介绍 TOGAF文档的结构分为多个部分，首先是对TOGAF的总体介绍。第1章介绍了文档的结构以及为高层管理者准备的执行概览，概述了TOGAF的关键价值和目的。第1章： 1.1 结构化TOGAF文档 - 这部分解释了TOGAF文档如何组织，包括各个部分和章节，方便读者理解和导航。 1.2 执行概览 - 这部分面向高级管理层，快速呈现TOGAF的主要概念和益处，以帮助他们理解TOGAF在企业中的作用。第二部分：核心概念 TOGAF的基础概念部分深入探讨了TOGAF的基本定义和理念。第2章： 2.1 什么是TOGAF？ - TOGAF被定义为企业架构的一个框架，它包含一套方法论和工具，用于建立、维护和利用企业架构。 2.2 TOGAF中的架构是什么？ - 这部分阐述了在TOGAF上下文中，架构的含义，强调它不仅是关于技术，还包括业务流程、数据和应用程序的综合视图。 2.3 什么类型的设计 - 本节讨论了TOGAF涵盖的不同类型的架构，如业务架构、数据架构、应用架构和技术架构，以及它们之间的相互关系。 TOGAF Version 9包含了企业架构开发的完整生命周期，包括规划、开发和实施。TOGAF的主要组件有架构开发方法（ADM）、架构内容框架、工具和库、治理和管理，以及企业连续性模型等。这些组件一起工作，帮助企业构建灵活、可扩展和适应变化的IT基础设施。 ADM（架构开发方法）是TOGAF的心脏，它是一个迭代的过程，涵盖了从需求收集到架构定义，再到实施和治理的各个阶段。TOGAF还提供了各种工具和模板，如架构开发计划、架构愿景、信息系统的基础设施库（ISA）等，以支持实际操作。 TOGAF Version 9是一个全面的企业架构框架，提供了标准化的方法来管理和优化企业的IT资产，以更好地支持业务目标。通过理解和应用TOGAF，企业可以提高效率，降低风险，并加速创新。

Contents

40.2 Character istics of Solutions ............................................................ 544

40.3 Character istics of Architectures...................................................... 544

40.4 Applying Classiﬁcation to Create Par titioned

Architectures ................................................................................... 545

40.4.1 Par titioning the Architecture Landscape to

Understand the State of the Enterpr ise....................................... 547

40.4.2 Par titioning Reference Models to Encourage Good

Practice and Re-Use ................................................................... 550

40.4.3 Enforce Corporate Policy though Compliance with

Standards .................................................................................... 551

40.4.4 Activities within the PreliminaryPhase ........................................ 553

40.4.5 Activities within Phases A to F..................................................... 555

40.4.6 Activities within Phases G and H................................................. 557

40.4.7 Content Aggregation and Integration ........................................... 557

Chapter 41 Architecture Repository ......................................................... 559

41.1 Over view......................................................................................... 559

41.2 Architecture Landscape .................................................................. 561

41.3 Reference Librar y ........................................................................... 561

41.3.1 Over view...................................................................................... 561

41.4 Standards Infor mation Base ........................................................... 562

41.4.1 Over view...................................................................................... 562

41.4.2 Types of Standard........................................................................ 562

41.4.3 Standards Lifecycle ..................................................................... 563

41.4.4 Standards Classiﬁcation within the Standards

Infor mation Base ......................................................................... 563

41.5 Governance Log............................................................................. 564

41.5.1 Over view...................................................................................... 564

41.5.2 Contents of the Governance Log................................................. 564

Chapter 42 Tools for Architecture Development.................................. 567

42.1 Over view......................................................................................... 567

42.2 Issues in Tool Standardization........................................................ 567

42.3 Evaluation Criter ia and Guidelines ................................................. 568

42.3.1 Tool Criter ia ................................................................................. 568

42.3.2 General Pointers .......................................................................... 571

Part VITOGAF Reference Models................................................. 573

Chapter 43 Foundation Architecture: Technical Reference

Model.............................................................................................. 575

43.1 Concepts ........................................................................................ 575

43.1.1 Role of the TRM in the Foundation Architecture ......................... 575

43.1.2 TRM Components ....................................................................... 575

43.1.3 Other TRMs ................................................................................. 576

43.2 High-LevelBreakdown .................................................................... 576

43.2.1 Over view...................................................................................... 576

43.2.2 Por tability and Interoperability ..................................................... 577

43.3 TRM in Detail.................................................................................. 578

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Contents

43.3.1 Introduction.................................................................................. 578

43.3.2 TRM Entities and Interfaces ........................................................ 579

43.3.3 Application Software .................................................................... 579

43.3.4 Application Platfor m ..................................................................... 581

43.3.5 Communications Infrastr ucture.................................................... 582

43.3.6 Application Platfor m Interface ...................................................... 583

43.3.7 Communications Infrastr ucture Interface ..................................... 583

43.3.8 Qualities....................................................................................... 583

43.4 Application Platfor m —Taxonomy.................................................. 584

43.4.1 Basic Pr inciples ........................................................................... 584

43.4.2 Application Platfor m Ser vice Categor ies ..................................... 584

43.4.3 Application Platfor m Ser vice Qualities ......................................... 589

43.5 Detailed Platfor m Taxonomy........................................................... 590

43.5.1 Data Interchange Services .......................................................... 590

43.5.2 Data Management Services ........................................................ 592

43.5.3 Graphics and Imaging Services ................................................... 593

43.5.4 International Operation Services ................................................. 593

43.5.5 Location and DirectorySer vices.................................................. 594

43.5.6 Networ k Ser vices ........................................................................ 595

43.5.7 Operating System Services ......................................................... 597

43.5.8 Software Engineering Services ................................................... 598

43.5.9 Transaction Processing Services ................................................. 599

43.5.10 User Interface Services ............................................................... 599

43.5.11 Security Services ......................................................................... 600

43.5.12 System and Networ k Management Services .............................. 602

43.5.13 Object-Oriented Provision of Services ........................................ 604

Chapter 44 Integrated Information Infrastructure Reference

Model.............................................................................................. 607

44.1 Basic Concepts ............................................................................... 607

44.1.1 Background ................................................................................. 607

44.1.2 Components of the Model ........................................................... 608

44.1.3 Relationship to Other parts of TOGAF ........................................ 608

44.1.4 Key Business and Technical Drivers ............................................ 608

44.1.5 Status of the III-RM...................................................................... 610

44.2 High-LevelView.............................................................................. 611

44.2.1 Derivation of the III-RM from the TRM......................................... 611

44.2.2 High-LevelIII-RM Graphic ........................................................... 612

44.2.3 Components of the High-LevelIII-RM ......................................... 613

44.3 Detailed Taxonomy......................................................................... 615

44.3.1 Detailed III-RM Graphic ............................................................... 615

44.3.2 Business Applications .................................................................. 615

44.3.3 Infrastr ucture Applications ........................................................... 620

44.3.4 Application Platfor m ..................................................................... 621

44.3.5 Qualities....................................................................................... 625

Part VII Architecture Capability Framework ............................. 627

Chapter 45 Introduction ................................................................................. 629

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Contents

45.1 Over view......................................................................................... 629

45.2 Structure of Par t VII ........................................................................ 630

Chapter 46 Establishing an Architecture Capability .......................... 631

46.1 Over view......................................................................................... 631

46.2 Phase A: Architecture Vision.......................................................... 632

46.3 Phase B: Business Architecture ..................................................... 633

46.4 Phase C: Infor mation Systems Architecture — Data...................... 634

46.5 Phase C: Infor mation Systems Architecture —

Application ...................................................................................... 634

46.6 Phase D: Technology Architecture ................................................. 634

46.7 Phase E: Opportunities & Solutions ............................................... 634

46.8 Phase F: Migration Planning .......................................................... 634

46.9 Phase G: Implementation Governance .......................................... 635

46.10 Phase H: Architecture Change Management................................. 635

46.11 Requirements Management ........................................................... 635

Chapter 47 Architecture Board.................................................................... 637

47.1 Role ................................................................................................ 637

47.2 Responsibilities............................................................................... 638

47.3 Setting Up the Architecture Board.................................................. 639

47.3.1 Triggers ........................................................................................ 639

47.3.2 Sizeofthe Board......................................................................... 639

47.3.3 Board Str ucture ........................................................................... 640

47.4 Operation of the Architecture Board............................................... 640

47.4.1 General ........................................................................................ 641

47.4.2 Preparation .................................................................................. 641

47.4.3 Agenda ........................................................................................ 641

Chapter 48 Architecture Compliance........................................................ 645

48.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 645

48.2 Ter minology: The Meaning of Architecture Compliance................. 645

48.3 Architecture Compliance Reviews .................................................. 647

48.3.1 Purpose ....................................................................................... 647

48.3.2 Timing.......................................................................................... 648

48.3.3 Governance and Personnel Scenarios ........................................ 649

48.4 Architecture Compliance ReviewProcess ...................................... 649

48.4.1 Over view...................................................................................... 649

48.4.2 Roles ........................................................................................... 651

48.4.3 Steps ........................................................................................... 652

48.5 Architecture Compliance ReviewChecklists .................................. 653

48.5.1 Hardware and Operating System Checklist ................................. 653

48.5.2 Software Services and Middleware Checklist .............................. 654

48.5.3 Applications Checklists ................................................................ 655

48.5.4 Infor mation Management Checklists ........................................... 658

48.5.5 Security Checklist ........................................................................ 659

48.5.6 System Management Checklist ................................................... 660

48.5.7 System Engineer ing/Overall Architecture

Checklists .................................................................................... 661

48.5.8 System Engineer ing/Methods &Tools Checklist ......................... 664

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Contents

48.6 Architecture Compliance ReviewGuidelines .................................. 665

48.6.1 Tailor ing the Checklists ................................................................ 665

48.6.2 Conducting Architecture Compliance Reviews ............................ 666

Chapter 49 Architecture Contracts............................................................ 667

49.1 Role ................................................................................................ 667

49.2 Contents ......................................................................................... 668

49.2.1 Statement of Architecture Wor k ................................................... 668

49.2.2 Contract between Architecture Design and

Development Par tners ................................................................. 669

49.2.3 Contract between Architecting Function and

Business Users............................................................................ 669

49.3 Relationship to Architecture Governance ....................................... 670

Chapter 50 Architecture Governance ....................................................... 671

50.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 671

50.1.1 Levels of Governance within the Enterpr ise ................................ 671

50.1.2 Nature of Governance ................................................................. 672

50.1.3 Technology Governance .............................................................. 673

50.1.4 IT Governance ............................................................................. 673

50.1.5 Architecture Governance: Over view............................................ 674

50.2 Architecture Governance Framework ............................................. 675

50.2.1 Architecture Governance Framework — Conceptual

Str ucture...................................................................................... 675

50.2.2 Architecture Governance Framework —

Organizational Structure .............................................................. 678

50.3 Architecture Governance in Practice .............................................. 680

50.3.1 Architecture Governance — Key Success Factors ...................... 680

50.3.2 Elements of an EffectiveArchitecture Governance

Strategy ....................................................................................... 681

Chapter 51 Architecture Maturity Models............................................... 683

51.1 Over view......................................................................................... 683

51.2 Background .................................................................................... 684

51.3 US DoC ACMM Framework ............................................................ 685

51.3.1 Over view...................................................................................... 685

51.3.2 Elements of the ACMM ................................................................ 685

51.3.3 Example: Enter prise Architecture Process Maturity

Levels .......................................................................................... 686

51.4 Capability Matur ity Models Integration (CMMI) .............................. 689

51.4.1 Introduction.................................................................................. 689

51.4.2 SCAMPI Method .......................................................................... 689

51.5 Conclusions.................................................................................... 690

Chapter 52 Architecture Skills Framework............................................. 691

52.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 691

52.2 Need foranEnter prise Architecture Skills Framework ................... 691

52.2.1 Deﬁnitional Rigor ......................................................................... 691

52.2.2 Basis of an Internal Architecture Practice .................................... 692

52.3 Goals/Rationale.............................................................................. 693

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Contents

52.3.1 Certiﬁcation of Enterpr ise Architects ........................................... 693

52.3.2 Speciﬁc Beneﬁts .......................................................................... 693

52.4 Enterpr ise Architecture Role and Skill Categories ......................... 694

52.4.1 Over view...................................................................................... 694

52.4.2 TOGAF Roles .............................................................................. 694

52.4.3 Categories of Skills...................................................................... 695

52.4.4 Proﬁciency Levels ........................................................................ 696

52.5 Enterpr ise Architecture Role and Skill Deﬁnitions .......................... 696

52.5.1 Generic Skills............................................................................... 696

52.5.2 Business Skills & Methods .......................................................... 697

52.5.3 Enterpr ise Architecture Skills ...................................................... 697

52.5.4 ProgramorProject Management Skills ....................................... 698

52.5.5 IT General Knowledge Skills ....................................................... 698

52.5.6 Technical IT Skills........................................................................ 699

52.5.7 Legal Environment ....................................................................... 699

52.6 Generic Role and Skills of the Enterpr ise Architect ........................ 700

52.6.1 Generic Role................................................................................ 700

52.6.2 Character ization in Ter ms of the Enterpr ise

Continuum ................................................................................... 702

52.6.3 Key Character istics of an Enterpr ise Architect ............................ 702

52.7 Conclusions.................................................................................... 704

Part VIII Appendices................................................................................ 705

Appendix A Glossar y of SupplementaryDeﬁnitions........................... 707

Appendix B Abbreviations.............................................................................. 723

Index ............................................................................................... 729

List of Figures

1-1 Structure of the TOGAF Document ................................................... 3

2-1 Relationships between Deliverables,Artifacts,and

Building Blocks .................................................................................. 12

2-2 Example —Architecture Deﬁnition Document .................................. 12

2-3 Enterpr ise Continuum ........................................................................ 13

2-4 TOGAF Architecture RepositoryStr ucture ........................................ 14

2-5 TOGAF Architecture Capability Over view......................................... 16

5-1 Architecture Development Cycle ....................................................... 53

5-2 ProgressiveArchitecture Development .............................................. 59

5-3 Integration of Architecture Artifacts ................................................... 63

6-1 PreliminaryPhase ............................................................................. 67

6-2 Management Fr a meworkstoCo-ordinate with TOGAF ..................... 72

6-3 Interoperability and Relationships between Management

Fr a meworks....................................................................................... 73

7-1 Phase A: Architecture Vision............................................................. 81

8-1 Phase B: Business Architecture ........................................................ 93

8-2 UML Business Class Diagram........................................................... 96

xx TOGAF Version 9 (2009)

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