探索微软SQL Server 2008的新特性

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"《Introducing Microsoft SQL Server 2008》是一本详细介绍微软SQL Server 2008新特性和改进的书籍，涵盖了七大主题：安全与管理、性能、类型系统增强、可编程性、存储、高可用性增强以及商业智能增强。书中对每个主题的新功能进行了深入探讨，尽管内容广泛，但并未覆盖所有新旧特性，更多详细信息建议参考在线帮助文档和后续的全面著作。" 在SQL Server 2008中，以下几个关键知识点值得深入了解： 1. **安全与管理**：SQL Server 2008在安全性方面有了显著提升，包括更强大的身份验证机制，如集成Windows身份验证和SQL Server身份验证。此外，还有改进的权限管理，如角色基础的访问控制（Role-Based Access Control, RBAC）和更精细的数据加密选项，以保护敏感信息。 2. **性能**：SQL Server 2008引入了性能优化工具，如数据库引擎优化顾问（Database Engine Tuning Advisor）和动态管理视图（Dynamic Management Views, DMVs），帮助管理员监控和调整数据库性能。还有新的查询处理特性，如快照隔离和行版本控制，提高了并发性能。 3. **类型系统增强**：SQL Server 2008扩展了数据类型，如新增了日期/时间数据类型，以提供更精确的时间处理。另外，引入了空间数据类型，支持地理和几何对象，这对于GIS应用非常有用。 4. **可编程性**：增强了T-SQL语言，增加了新的编程元素，如 Common Table Expressions (CTEs)，使得递归查询和复杂查询更加便捷。此外，还有Table-Valued Parameters，允许批量处理数据，提高了程序效率。 5. **存储**：SQL Server 2008引入了列式存储索引（Columnstore Indexes），优化了分析查询性能。另外，Filestream功能允许大型二进制对象（BLOBs）存储在文件系统中，同时保持数据库事务一致性。 6. **高可用性增强**：SQL Server 2008提供了新的故障转移群集实例和数据库镜像模式，提升了服务的连续性和灾难恢复能力。还有日志传输功能，便于在不同服务器间复制和恢复事务日志。 7. **商业智能增强**：包括新的Analysis Services和Reporting Services功能，如数据挖掘向导和自定义报告元素，帮助企业快速构建和部署分析解决方案。Integration Services也得到了加强，使得ETL（提取、转换、加载）过程更为高效。这些是SQL Server 2008的关键改进，它们极大地扩展了SQL Server的功能，并提高了数据库管理和开发的效率。无论是对于数据库管理员、开发者还是数据分析师，理解和掌握这些新特性都将有助于他们在工作中更好地利用SQL Server 2008。

Acknowledgments

There are so many people who deserve kudos.

First of all, my most sincere gratitude to my wife, Claudia, and my children, Christopher and

Kate, who continually give me reason to keep moving forward and to better myself. I love

you all so very much.

I’d like to offer my gratitude to Drs. Greg Low and Mark Whitehorn, both of whom are ex-

perts when it comes to SQL Server, and so much more, and both of whom are contributing

authors to this work—and nice fellows to boot.

Much deserved thanks go to the people at Microsoft who kept things organized and kept

me in line while writing this book. This work could not happen without such a great editorial

team: Ken Jones, Kathleen Atkins, Sandra Haynes, Carol Vu, Pavel Kolesnikov, Carol Whitney,

Devon Musgrave, Elizabeth Hansford, Joanne Hodgins, Linda Engelman, Rosemary Caperton,

Kimberly Kim, Lori Merrick, Julie Strauss, and Jennifer Brown.

Other people at Microsoft played a crucial role in the technical quality of this book. And so

I offer my thanks (in no particular order) to Andrew Richardson, Bill Ramos, Torsten Grabs,

Boris Baryshnikov, Buck Woody, Carolyn Chau, Chris Lee, Christian Kleinerman, Colin Lyth,

Ram Ramanathan, Roni Karassik, Sean Boon, Sethu Kalavakur, Srini Acharya, T.K. Anand,

Thierry D’Hers, Maria Balsamo, Xiaoyu Li, Max Verun, Matt Masson, Lin Chan, Kaloian

Manassiev, Jennifer Beckmann, Il-Sung Lee, and Carl Rabeler.

Several people at Microsoft took extra time to work with me in past and recent times so that

I may better understand the new technologies. To these people, I offer my gratitude (again,

in no particular order): Hongfei Guo, Michael Rys, Isaac Kunen, Gert Drapers, Donald Farmer,

Kevin Farlee, Dan Jones, Michael Wang, and the late and much missed Ken Henderson.

To all of my fellow bloggers at SQLblog.com—you have helped to create a great online re-

source for anyone wanting to know more about SQL Server: Aaron Bertrand, Adam Machanic

(my SQLblog partner in crime), Alberto Ferrari, Alexander Kuznetsov, Allen White, Andrew

Kelly, Andy Leonard, Ben Miller, Denis Gobo, Erin Welker, Greg Low, Hilary Cotter, Hugo

Kornelis, James Luetkehoelter, Joe Chang, John Paul Cook, Kalen Delaney, Kent Tegels, Kevin

Kline, Kirk Haselden, Lara Rubbelke, Linchi Shea, Louis Davidson, Marco Russo, Michael Rys,

Michael Zilberstein, Michelle Gutzait, Mosha Pasumansky, Paul Nielsen, Richard Hundhausen,

Rick Heiges, Roman Rehak, Rushabh Mehta, Sarah Henwood, and Tibor Karaszi.

I also want to thank my friends and colleagues at Wintellect, Solid Quality Mentors, and Ted

Pattison Group. Many of these folks played a part, directly or indirectly, in helping me with

the content of this book and with allowing me to ﬁnish this work while minimizing the time I

had to spend away from my family.

A07A625587.indd 15 6/30/2008 4:38:38 PM

xvii

Introduction

This book is about SQL Server 2008.

(Now if only it were that simple.)

Take 2…

Welcome to Microsoft SQL Server 2008 (AKA “Yukon”). Many people have been speculating

that the changes from version 2000 to 2005 were more dramatic than those changes that

have occurred from 2005 to 2008. Yes, SQL Server 2005 was revolutionary in many respects,

but SQL Server 2008 is not without some amazing new features and capabilities.

This book is divided into seven main topics: Security and Administration, Performance, Type

System Enhancements, Programmability, Storage, Enhancements for High Availability, and

Business Intelligence Enhancements. Each chapter will hopefully offer you insight into the

new or improved features in each of these main areas. And, although the book covers a lot

of ground, it is not an exhaustive tome, and, alas, not everything new or improved is con-

tained in this book. I leave those additional details to Books Online and fellow authors who

will inevitably write more comprehensive titles.

T-SQL: Still Here to Stay

Since the integration of common language runtime (CLR)-based code into SQL Server 2005

was known on the streets, people have been speculating about its role in database develop-

ment. On many occasions, I heard people speaking of T-SQL as if it was being deprecated.

Even now, as the CLR integration has been enhanced, and even with the introduction of sys-

tem CLR types, T-SQL is still not going anywhere—and it is still most often the best choice for

retrieving and manipulating data.

Goals

The objective of this book is not to give an in-depth view of the new features of SQL Server

2008; it is a beta edition, after all, and is still subject to changes. Rather, the objective of this

book is to [hopefully] help people begin to grasp what can be done with SQL Server 2008.

The book is part conceptual, exploring the new features and abilities of this next generation

enterprise database product, and it is part tangible, demonstrating features via C# code and

a new and improved T-SQL. I hope to give you enough knowledge to get your feet wet and

to explore further.

A08I625587.indd 17 6/30/2008 4:38:26 PM

xviii Introduction

I have always been a “learn by example” kind of person, so this book is ﬁlled with a lot of

samples and examples to help demonstrate the concepts. Many more examples come with

SQL Server 2008. I suggest you explore, poke, and prod these examples as well.

Working with Samples

Much of the sample code in this book is designed around the various Adventure Works Cycles

sample database. You can download these sample databases from www.codeplex.com. SQL

Server 2008 Books Online has more information about these sample databases, including

comparisons to both pubs and Northwind and a complete data dictionary for these sample

databases.

Who Should Read This Book

Everyone should read this book, as I’m still trying to be the ﬁrst technical author on the New

York Times bestseller list! Since I don’t really expect to make that goal, I should mention that

there is an audience (albeit smaller than the millions required for the bestseller list) who

could beneﬁt from this book. This group primarily includes those people who will be involved

in some capacity with a migration to SQL Server 2008 and people who currently work with

SQL Server 2000 and 2005 who want to see the exciting new changes in SQL Server 2008.

So should you read this book? If you are interested in learning what new features are avail-

able in SQL Server 2008 and you want to know how to begin using these new and improved

tools, I suggest this book as a starting point for that learning.

Disclaimer

As with any beta product, you should know that the things discussed in this book can change

before ﬁnal release. Features can be removed, added, or modiﬁed as necessary to release a

solid software product.

System Requirements

This book makes use of not one but two products—SQL Server 2008 (CTP 6) and Visual

Studio.NET 2008. For some of the work, you will need to have both products installed in

order to run code, try examples, and so on. For a majority of the content of this book, how-

ever, an installation of SQL Server 2008 will sufﬁce. These products are available through a

variety of avenues, including MSDN Subscriptions and the Beta Programs.

A08I625587.indd 18 6/30/2008 4:38:26 PM

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