"东北大学C编程课程PPT第3章：对象与类，构造函数与析构函数，静态成员与常量"

In this chapter of the Northeastern University C course PowerPoint presentation, the focus is on classes and objects in C programming. Object-oriented programming is introduced as a way to model the real world in programming. It allows programmers to define things, objects, and classes in a more abstract and organized manner. Classes are defined as blueprints or templates for creating objects. They contain data members and member functions that define the properties and behavior of objects created from them. Objects, on the other hand, are instances of classes that hold specific values for the data members and can call the member functions. The keyword "this" is introduced as a pointer that refers to the current object in a class. Constructors are special member functions that are called when an object of a class is created. They can be used to initialize the data members of the object. The copy constructor is a special type of constructor that is used to create a new object as a copy of an existing object. Destructors are member functions that are called when an object of a class is destroyed. They can be used to perform cleanup tasks such as releasing memory or closing files. Composition is discussed as a way to create complex objects by combining simpler objects as data members. The concept of static is introduced with static data members and static member functions. Static data members are shared among all objects of a class, while static member functions can be called without creating an object of the class. Constants are discussed as objects or member functions that cannot be modified. Overall, Chapter 3 of the Northeastern University C course PowerPoint presentation serves as a comprehensive introduction to classes and objects in C programming, highlighting the principles of object-oriented programming and how they can be applied to create organized and efficient code.