新型耦合线宽频带平衡至不平衡滤波功率分配器设计

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本文档主要探讨了一种新颖的宽带平衡到非平衡滤波功率分配器的设计与实现，发表在2017年1月的《IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques》期刊上。作者为Xin Gao、Wenjie Feng（IEEE会员）、Wenquan Che（IEEE高级会员）和Quan Xue（IEEE院士）。研究的焦点是基于耦合线技术的多功能功率分配器，它旨在解决传统电路中集成不匹配损失和电路尺寸问题。设计的关键创新在于提出三种宽频带的平衡到非平衡滤波功率分配器，这些分配器利用耦合线结构来实现宽频响应。为了增强差模带通选择性，设计者采用开/短路耦合线和半波长开口槽路，分别在通带附近引入两个传输零点，从而提高滤波性能。此外，单端口中的电阻也被巧妙地利用，能够在输出端口之间实现良好的隔离，进一步提升了系统的隔离度。作者通过设计并制造了三个原型，工作频率定位在2GHz，其中演示了分配器的优异性能，例如4dB的差模带宽分别为80.5%和71.5%。这种设计不仅提升了系统的整体效率，而且在宽频谱范围内保持了良好的信号传输特性，对于无线通信系统中的信号处理和功率分配具有重要的实际应用价值。这种技术对于减小系统复杂性、降低成本以及提高系统稳定性都具有显著优势，对于微波电路设计人员和工程师来说，是一篇值得深入研究的重要论文。

86 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. 65, NO. 1, JANUARY 2017

Wideband Balanced-to-Unbalanced Filtering Power

Dividers Based on Coupled Lines

Xin Gao, Wenjie Feng , Member, IEEE, Wenquan Che, Senior Member, IEEE,

andQuanXue,Fellow, IEEE

Abstract—Three novel wideband balanced-to-unbalanced

ﬁltering power dividers based on coupled lines are proposed in

this paper. Multifunctional power dividers can replace various

cascaded single devices to decrease integration mismatching loss

and circuit size. The wideband response can be easily realized by

the coupled lines structures. To further improve the differential-

mode passband selectivity, open/shorted coupled lines and half-

wavelength open stubs are applied to introduce two transmission

zeros near the passband, respectively. In addition, a resistor in

the middle of two single-ended ports can be used to realize

isolation between out ports. To verify the proposed concepts,

three prototypes of wideband balanced-to-unbalanced ﬁltering

power dividers operating at 2 GHz are designed and fabricated

with the 4-dB differential-mode bandwidths of 80.5%, 71.5%, and

80%. All the structures show good performances for differential-

mode out-of-band suppression, common-mode suppression, and

isolation.

Index Terms—Balanced-to-unbalanced, coupled lines,

differential/common mode, ﬁltering, power dividers, wideband.

I. INTRODUCTION

ODAY, balanced circuits have become more and more

important in wireless communication systems due to their

higher immunity to environmental noises, lower electromag-

netic interference, and better dynamic range [1], [2]. In the past

few years, different kinds of balanced circuits such as balanced

ﬁlters [3], diplexers [4], ampliﬁers [5], and mixers [6] have

been widely used and studied. In addition, several balanced

power dividers with high isolation have also been reported

in [7]–[9], but the differential-mode 4-dB bandwidth of them

is always less than 25%. Therefore, some wideband balanced

power division networks are introduced. Two balanced net-

works with over the 50% 4-dB bandwidth for the differential-

mode and wideband common-mode suppression are realized in

[10]. To overcome the disadvantage of isolation performance, a

Manuscript received April 12, 2016; revised September 12, 2016; accepted

September 25, 2016. Date of publication October 13, 2016; date of current

version January 26, 2017. This work was supported by the 2012 Distinguished

Young Scientist awarded by the National Natural Science Foundation Com-

mittee of China under Grant 61225001, by the Natural Science Foundation of

China under Grant 61401206 and Grant 61571231, by the Jiangsu Province

under Grant BK20140791, and by the 2014 Zijin Intelligent Program of the

Nanjing University of Science and Technology.

X. Gao, W. Feng, and W. Che are with the Department of

Communication Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and

Technology, Nanjing 210094, China (e-mail: gaoxin03320318@126.com;

fengwenjie1985@163.com; yeeren_che@163.com).

Q. Xue is with the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Department

of Electronic Engineering, CityU Shenzhen Research Institute, City University

of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (e-mail: eeqxue@cityu.edu.hk).

Color versions of one or more of the ﬁgures in this paper are available

online at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org.

Digital Object Identiﬁer 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2614668

Fig. 1. (a) Cascade of a wideband balanced ﬁlter, a wideband balun, and a

wideband power divider. (b) Wideband balanced-to-unbalanced ﬁltering power

divider.

wideband power division network using double-sided parallel

strip line is designed and fabricated to realize high isolation

in [11].

It should be noted that power dividers with a ﬁltering

function have become a hot research topic due to their

multifunction and miniaturization. For the single-ended power

dividers, cascading ﬁltering structure is a simple effective

method while increases circuit size and mismatching loss [12].

To overcome the disadvantage, another main method is to

replace the quarter-wavelength transmission line by bandpass

ﬁlters [13]–[15]. Moreover, several balanced ﬁltering power

dividers have also been studied. In [16], a simple structure with

three coupled resonators can realize ﬁltering function with

differential input and output signals. Besides, a compact dual-

band balanced ﬁltering power divider is designed using com-

posite right-/left-handed transmission line metamaterials [17].

However, the isolation between the output ports cannot be

achieved. In [18], a balanced ﬁltering Gysel power divider

with a four-port coupled resonator circuit has good common-

mode suppression and high isolation, but the bandwidth is a

little narrow.

Moreover, besides the balanced-to-balanced power dividers,

balanced-to-unbalanced power dividers also have the function

of common-mode suppression and they have more ﬂexibility

and freedom to connect with single-ended or balanced cir-

cuits. As shown in Fig. 1(a) and (b), a wideband balanced-

to-unbalanced ﬁltering power divider can be fused with a

wideband balanced ﬁlter, a wideband balun, and wideband

power divider. Obviously, no cascading circuits can decrease

mismatching loss and circuit size. The ﬁrst balanced-to-

unbalanced power divider using a short-ended four-wire cou-

pled line and T-shaped sections is proposed in [19], but it has

no ﬁltering function. Recently, two balanced-to-unbalanced

ﬁltering power dividers based on branch lines with several

See http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information.

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