E-EDID标准详解：HDMI显示识别数据扩展

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"VESA增强型扩展显示识别数据标准（E-EDID）是HDMI标准的一部分，用于定义显示器的特性、功能和视频时序模式。" E-EDID（Enhanced Extended Display Identification Data，增强型扩展显示识别数据）是VESA（Video Electronics Standards Association，视频电子标准协会）推出的一种标准，它扩展了原有的EDID（Extended Display Identification Data，扩展显示识别数据）规范。EDID是一种由电子显示设备存储的数据文件，这个文件包含了显示器的详细信息，使得视频源能够了解显示器的能力，从而正确配置图形处理单元，生成适合该显示器的视频格式。E-EDID标准定义了128字节的基础数据结构，即“EDID 1.4”（代表EDID版本1，修订4），并规定了增强型EDID的总体布局和数据块组织方式。此标准的主要目的是确保视频源设备能够与各种不同的显示设备无缝协作。E-EDID文件中的信息包括但不限于： 1. 显示器的基本信息：如制造商名称、型号、序列号等。 2. 显示器的物理尺寸和推荐观看距离。 3. 支持的分辨率和刷新率：显示器可以接收的视频模式，包括标准分辨率、宽屏比例、自定义模式等。 4. 色彩深度和色彩空间支持：如RGB、YCbCr、YUV等颜色模型。 5. 显示器的连接类型和接口信息：如HDMI、DVI、DisplayPort等。 6. 信号同步方式：同步边沿（Sync on Green）、分离同步（Separate Sync）或复合同步（Composite Sync）。 7. 显示器的功率管理特性：例如能源之星（Energy Star）兼容性。 8. 显示器的特征和能力：如是否支持3D显示、内置扬声器、可调节亮度和对比度等。 E-EDID标准的发布A，修订2版是在2006年9月25日，自1994年以来，VESA不断更新和完善这个标准，以适应显示技术的快速发展。通过这个标准，视频源设备可以自动检测到显示器的特性，无需用户手动设置，从而简化了设备间的连接和使用。在实际应用中，HDMI（High-Definition Multimedia Interface，高清晰度多媒体接口）利用E-EDID来实现设备间的通信，允许数字视频和音频数据的无损传输。通过读取显示器的E-EDID信息，HDMI源设备可以自动调整输出的视频格式，确保内容以最佳方式呈现。此外，E-EDID还提供了一些高级特性，如动态范围控制、色域映射和音频回传通道等，这些都是现代高清视频系统不可或缺的部分。 E-EDID标准对于HDMI和其他数字视频接口的成功至关重要，因为它确保了设备间的兼容性和用户友好的体验。随着显示技术的进步，E-EDID也将继续进化，以满足新的显示需求和标准。

VESA Enhanced EDID Standard Release A, Rev.2

Table 2.2 - EDID Structures – Comparison Table

ASE EDID Structure

1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

Block “0” Header

☺ ☺ ☺ ☺



ID Manufacturer

☺ ☺ ☺ ☺



ID Product Code

☺ ☺ ☺ ☺



ID Serial Number

4 4 4 4 4

Week of Manufacture

4 4 4 4 4

Year of Manufacture or Model Year

☺ ☺ ☺ ☺



EDID version

    

EDID revision

    

Basic Display Parameters & Features

☺ ☺ ☺ ☺



Display x, y Chromaticity Coordinates

(Phosphor or Filter Chromaticity)

☺ ☺ ☺ ☺



Established Timings

4 4 4 4 4

Standard Timing Identifications

4 4 4 4 4

Preferred Timing Descriptor Block

4 4 4

 

Range Limits Descriptor Block n/a

4 4

 ☯

Monitor Name Descriptor Block n/a

4 4

 ☯

Other Descriptor Blocks n/a

4 4 4 4

Extension flag

☺ ☺ ☺ ☺



Checksum

☺ ☺ ☺ ☺



Table 2.3 - EDID Structures – Comparison Table - Key



Explicit requirement --- mandatory (a “shall”)

☺

No requirement stated but commonly understood to be a requirement

☯

Optional but recommended

Optional

n/a Not applicable

2.1.7 Compatibility of EDID 1.x Data Structures --- Handling Updates to EDID Data

Structures

On occasion, VESA will publish updates (revisions) to the E-EDID Standard. Some of these updated

standards may contain new EDID structure definitions. When VESA publishes a new EDID structure

with a new revision number (and the version number stays the same), the new EDID structure is

backward compatible (key E

LEMENTS only). For legacy support, an older host system (that recognizes

EDID version 1, revision 3, for example) connected to a display product with a newer EDID structure

(for example; version 1, revision 4), the host shall decode the EDID data using the older EDID structure

definitions (for example; version 1, revision 3 definitions).

When doing this, the host (graphics system driver or operating system) EDID read and decode may

result in some errors. The host (graphics system driver or operating system) may not understand certain

ELEMENTS or data fields within the EDID Block. The host shall ignore these ELEMENTS or data fields.

The “Plug & Play” process must still work.

If an internet connection is available, the older host may search for a driver that can decode the newer

EDID structure.

An older host (source) shall never shut down a connected video output port when it detects a display

with a newer EDID structure which the host may not completely understand. For more information on

this subject, refer to the VESA PnP Standard or appropriate standard or document for the interface or

application in question.

VESA Enhanced EDID Standard Release A, Rev.2

2.2 EDID EXTENSION Blocks

E-EDID, based on EDID structure 1.4, allows additional data to be stored using multiple (one or more)

XTENSION Blocks attached to BASE EDID in a single file. In the minimum configuration, E-EDID

consists of just one data Block --- the B

ASE EDID, also known as Block 0. Each Block is 128 bytes in

length.

2.2.1 EDID EXTENSIONS: Order of the Blocks

EXTENSION Blocks are arranged sequentially after Block 0. BASE EDID is stored in Block 0 and is the

only mandatory Block. Table 2.4 describes the

Enhanced EDID high level layout of the required BASE

EDID Block and optional E

XTENSION Blocks.

Table 2.4 – E-EDID High Level Layout

Segment Pointer /

Addresses

Block

Number

‘N’

EDID 1.3

Block

Description

EDID 1.4

Block

Description

00h / 00h → 7Fh

0 B

ASE EDID 1.3 Structure BASE EDID 1.4 Structure

EXTENSION Block 1 if N = 1 or EXTENSION Block 1 or

00h / 80h → FFh

Block Map 1 if 2 ≤ N ≤ 127 Block Map 1 (Optional)

01h / 00h → 7Fh

2 E

XTENSION Block 2 EXTENSION Block 2

01h / 80h → FFh

3 EXTENSION Block 3 EXTENSION Block 3

02h / 00h → 7Fh

4 E

XTENSION Block 4 EXTENSION Block 4

●●h / 00h → 7Fh ●●●

EXTENSION Block ●●● EXTENSION Block ●●●

●●● ●●● ●●● ●●●

3Fh / 80h → FFh

127 EXTENSION Block 127 EXTENSION Block 127

Block Map 2 (Optional) or

40h / 00h → 7Fh

128 Block Map 2 if 129 ≤ N ≤ 254

XTENSION Block 128

40h / 80h → FFh

129 EXTENSION Block 129 EXTENSION Block 129

●●h / 00h → 7Fh ●●●

XTENSION Block ●●● EXTENSION Block ●●●

●●● ●●● ●●● ●●●

7Eh / 80h → FFh

253 E

XTENSION Block 253 EXTENSION Block 253

7Fh / 00h → 7Fh

254 EXTENSION Block 254 EXTENSION Block 254

7Fh / 80h → FFh

255 Block 255 is not available.

If Block Maps are not used then Block

255 is an E

XTENSION Block.

If Block Maps are used then Block 255

is not available.

Notes to Table 2.4:

1. Refer to VESA’s E-DDC Standard for more information on the Segment Pointer and Addresses

shown in Table 2.4.

2. For EDID 1.3, if the maximum value of N is ‘1’, then Block 1 contains an Extension Block as

defined in sections 2.2.2 and 2.2.4. If the maximum value of N is more than or equal to ‘2’ and less

than or equal to ‘127’, then Block 1 is Block Map 1. If the maximum value of N is more than or

equal to ‘129’ and less than or equal to ‘254’, then Block 128 is Block Map 2. Block Maps are

considered to be E

XTENSION Blocks to the base EDID and shall be included in the EXTENSION

Block Flag at address 7Eh in the Base EDID (Block 0).

3. For EDID 1.4, Block Maps are optional. Blocks 1 and 128 may contain optional Extension Blocks

as defined in sections 2.2.3 and 2.2.4 or they may contain Block Maps.

4. All Blocks shall be sequentially stored with no gaps or empty Blocks.

5. A partial list of defined Extension Blocks is shown in Table 2.7.

6. The variable ‘N’ in table 2.4 contains the total number of E

XTENSION Blocks listed at address 7Eh

of the B

ASE EDID (Block 0). This includes Block Map/s when present.

VESA Enhanced EDID Standard Release A, Rev.2

2.2.2 EDID Extensions: General Extension Block Format

Several EXTENSION Blocks have already been defined to contain specific kinds of data. Refer to section

2.2.4 for a list of E

XTENSION Blocks. All EXTENSION Blocks except the EXTENSION Block Map shall

include one byte for the E

XTENSION Block revision number.

Table 2.5 - EDID Structure – General Extension Block Format

Address Byte # Value Description

00h

Refer to section 2.2.4 EXTENSION Block Tag Number

00h → FFh

Revision number for this E

XTENSION Block. One byte binary

number. Revisions shall be backward compatible (partial).

01h

Block Tag Number Exception: EXTENSION Block Map --- EXTENSION Blocks 1

& 128

00h → FFh

XTENSION Block Data

02h →

7Eh

2 →

126

Block Tag Number Exception: EXTENSION Block Map --- EXTENSION Blocks 1

& 128

7Fh

127

00h → FFh

Checksum for this E

XTENSION Block

2.2.3 EDID Extensions: EDID Block Map Extension

The EXTENSION Block Map (in EXTENSION Blocks #1 & #128) is an optional ELEMENT for EDID

structure (Version 1, Revision 4). The E

XTENSION Block Map (in EXTENSION Blocks #1 & #128) is a

required E

LEMENT for EDID structure (Version 1, Revision 3).

An E

XTENSION Block map is a special EXTENSION Block that lists tag numbers for all EXTENSION

Blocks are stored in a particular display’s EDID memory. The tag number entries of the E

XTENSION

Block Map, prepared by the display manufacturer, shall match the tag numbers of all E

XTENSION

Blocks that are stored in a display’s memory. For a partial listing of E

XTENSION Block Tag Numbers

refer to Section 2.2.4.

Table 2.6 - EDID Structure – Block Map Extension

Address Byte # Value Description

00h

F0h EXTENSION Block Tag Number designates “EXTENSION Block

Map”

01h

1 Block Tag Number

XTENSION Block Tag Number for the data stored in

XTENSION block 2 or block 129

02h

Block Tag Number

EXTENSION Block Tag Number for the data stored in

EXTENSION block 3 or block 130

●●● ●●● ●●● ●●●

7Eh

126

Block Tag Number

EXTENSION Block Tag Number for the data stored in

EXTENSION block 127 or block 254

7Fh

127

00h → FFh

Checksum for this E

XTENSION Block Map

Notes to Table 2.6:

1. A partial list of assigned E

XTENSION Block Tag Numbers is listed in Section 2.2.4. Contact the VESA

Office for the latest list of E

XTENSION Block Tag Numbers.

2. All E

XTENSION Block Tag Numbers shall be sequentially listed (in the Block Map EXTENSION) in the

order that the E

XTENSION Blocks are stored in EDID memory.

3. Addresses without Block Tag Numbers shall be padded with ‘00h’.

VESA Enhanced EDID Standard Release A, Rev.2

3. Extended Display Identification Data (EDID) Version 1 Revision 4

3.1 EDID Format Overview

Table 3.1 - EDID Structure Version 1, Revision 4

Address Bytes Description Format

00h 8 Header: = (00 FF FF FF FF FF FF 00)h

See Section 3.3

08h 10 Vendor & Product Identification:

See Section 3.4

08h 2 ID Manufacturer Name ISA 3-character ID Code

0Ah 2 ID Product Code Vendor assigned code

0Ch 4 ID Serial Number 32-bit serial number

10h 1 Week of Manufacture Week number or Model Year Flag

11h 1 Year of Manufacture or Model Year Manufacture Year or Model Year

12h 2 EDID Structure Version & Revision:

See Section 3.5

12h 1 Version Number: = 01h Binary

13h 1 Revision Number: = 04h Binary

14h 5 Basic Display Parameters & Features:

See Section 3.6

14h 1 Video Input Definition See Section 3.6.1

15h 1 Horizontal Screen Size or Aspect Ratio Listed in cm. → Aspect Ratio --- Landscape

16h 1 Vertical Screen Size or Aspect Ratio Listed in cm. → Aspect Ratio --- Portrait

17h 1 Display Transfer Characteristic (Gamma) Binary --- Factory Default Value

18h 1 Feature Support See Section 3.6.4

19h 10 Color Characteristics:

See Section 3.7

19h 1 Red/Green: Low Order Bits Rx1 Rx0 Ry1 Ry0 Gx1 Gx0 Gy1Gy0

1Ah 1 Blue/White: Low Order Bits Bx1 Bx0 By1 By0 Wx1 Wx0 Wy1 Wy0

1Bh 1 Red-x: High Order Bits Red-x Bits 9 → 2

1Ch 1 Red-y: High Order Bits Red-y Bits 9 → 2

1Dh 1 Green-x: High Order Bits Green-x Bits 9 → 2

1Eh 1 Green-y: High Order Bits Green-y Bits 9 → 2

1Fh 1 Blue-x: High Order Bits Blue-x Bits 9 → 2

20h 1 Blue-y: High Order Bits Blue-y Bits 9 → 2

21h 1 White-x: High Order Bits White-x Bits 9 → 2

22h 1 White-y: High Order Bits White-y Bits 9 → 2

23h 3 Established Timings

See Section 3.8

23h 1 Established Timings I

24h 1 Established Timings II

25h 1 Manufacturer's Reserved Timings

26h 16 Standard Timings: Identification 1 → 8

See Section 3.9

36h 72 18 Byte Data Blocks

See Section 3.10

36h 18 Preferred Timing Mode

48h 18 Detailed Timing # 2 or Display Descriptor

5Ah 18 Detailed Timing # 3 or Display Descriptor

6Ch 18 Detailed Timing # 4 or Display Descriptor

7Eh 1

Extension Block Count N

If Block Maps are used then

00h ≤ N ≤ FEh and FFh is invalid.

If Block Maps are not used then

00h ≤ N ≤ FFh.

Number of (optional) 128-byte EDID

EXTENSION blocks to follow – if Block

Maps are used then 254 is the maximum

value of ‘N’. If Block Maps are not used

then 255 is the maximum value of ‘N’.

7Fh 1

Checksum C

00h ≤ C ≤ FFh

The 1-byte sum of all 128 bytes in this

EDID block shall equal zero

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