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Page 1 of 24 pages
SMPTE ST 296:2012
Revision of
SMPTE ST 296:2011
SMPTE STANDARD
1280
×
720 Progressive Image
4:2:2 and 4:4:4 Sample Structure —
Analog and Digital Representation
and Analog Interface
Table of Contents Page
Foreword ................................................................................................................................................. 2
Intellectual Property.............................................................................................................................. 2
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................ 3
2 Conformance Notation ...................................................................................................................... 3
3 Normative References ...................................................................................................................... 4
4
General
............................................................................................................................................. 4
5 Image (Raster) Structure
................................................................................................................. 5
6 Timing................................................................................................................................................ 6
7
System Colorimetry
.......................................................................................................................... 6
8 Digital Representation....................................................................................................................... 7
9 Digital Timing Reference Sequences (SAV, EAV)............................................................................ 12
10 Ancillary Data .................................................................................................................................... 13
11 Bit-Parallel Interface.......................................................................................................................... 13
12 Analog Sync ...................................................................................................................................... 14
13 Analog Interface ................................................................................................................................18
Annex A Bibliography (Informative) ....................................................................................................... 19
Annex B Production Aperture (informative) ........................................................................................... 20
B.1 Production Aperture ................................................................................................................... 20
B.2 Analog Blanking Tolerance........................................................................................................ 20
B.3 Transient Regions...................................................................................................................... 20
B.4 Clean Aperture........................................................................................................................... 21
Annex C Pre- and Post-Filtering Characteristics (Informative) .............................................................. 22
Annex D Frame Switching for 50-Hz and 60(/1.001)-Hz Progressive Digital Video Signals (Informative) .. 24
Copyright © 2012 by THE SOCIETY OF
MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS
3 Barker Avenue., White Plains, NY 10601
(914) 761-1100
Approved
April 18, 2012
Authorized licensed use limited to: IEEE Xplore. Downloaded on June 23,2022 at 14:15:51 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
Copyright © 2012 by THE SOCIETY OF Approved
MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION ENGINEERS April 18, 2012
3 Barker Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601
SMPTE ST 296:2012
Foreword
SMPTE (the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is an internationally-recognized standards
developing organization. Headquartered and incorporated in the United States of America, SMPTE has
members in over 80 countries on six continents. SMPTE′s Engineering Documents, including Standards,
Recommended Practices, and Engineering Guidelines, are prepared by SMPTE′s Technology Committees.
Participation in these Committees is open to all with a bona fide interest in their work. SMPTE cooperates
closely with other standards-developing organizations, including ISO, IEC and ITU.
SMPTE Engineering Documents are drafted in accordance with the rules given in Part XIII of its
Administrative Practices.
SMPTE ST 296 was prepared by Technology Committee 10E.
Intellectual Property
At the time of publication no notice had been received by SMPTE claiming patent rights essential to the
implementation of this Standard. However, attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
this document may be the subject of patent rights. SMPTE shall not be held responsible for identifying any
or all such patent rights.
Page 2 of 24 pages
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SMPTE ST 296:2012
1 Scope
This standard defines a family of progressive image sampling systems for the representation of stationary or
moving two-dimensional images sampled temporally at a constant frame rate and having an image format of
1280 pixels by 720 lines and an aspect ratio of 16:9 as given in Table 1. All systems in the table have the
common characteristic that all the samples gathered within a single temporal unit, a frame, shall be spatially
contiguous and provide a complete description of that frame (section 6). This standard specifies:
– R′ G′ B′ color encoding;
– R′ G′ B′ analog and digital representation;
– Y′ P′
B
P′
R
color encoding, analog representation, and analog interface; and
– Y′ C′
B
C′
R
color encoding and digital representation.
A bit-parallel digital interface is incorporated by reference in Section 11.
This standard specifies multiple frame rates (Table 1) in 8-bit and 10-bit systems. It is not necessary for an
implementation to support all formats to be compliant with this standard. However, an implementation must
state which of the system formats are supported.
Table 1 – Image sampling systems
Y′,
R′, G′, B′,
samples
per active
line
(S/AL)
C′
B
or C′B
R
samples
per active
line
(S/AL)
Y′,
R′, G′, B′,
C′
B
and C′B
R
samples
per active
line (S/AL)
4:2:2 4:4:4
Active
lines
per
frame
(AL/F)
Frame
rate
(Hz)
Y′,
R′, G′, B′,
sampling
frequency fs
(MHz)
Total
lines
per
frame
(TL/Fr)
1 1280x720/60 1280 640 1280 720 60
74.25
750
2 1280x720/59.94 1280 640 1280 720 60/1.001
74.25/1.001
750
3 1280x720/50 1280 640 1280 720 50
74.25
750
4 1280x720/30 1280 640 1280 720 30
74.25
750
5 1280x720/29.97 1280 640 1280 720 30/1.001
74.25/1.001
750
6 1280x720/25 1280 640 1280 720 25
74.25
750
7 1280x720/24 1280 640 1280 720 24
74.25
750
8 1280x720/23.98 1280 640 1280 720 24/1.001
74.25/1.001
750
Note:
For systems 4 through 8, analog video interface is not preferred. See Section 13.
2 Conformance Notation
Normative text is text that describes elements of the design that are indispensable or contains the
conformance language keywords: "shall", "should", or "may". Informative text is text that is potentially helpful
to the user, but not indispensable, and can be removed, changed, or added editorially without affecting
interoperability. Informative text does not contain any conformance keywords.
All text in this document is, by default, normative, except: the Introduction, any section explicitly labeled as
"Informative" or individual paragraphs that start with "Note:”
Page 3 of 24 pages
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SMPTE ST 296:2012
The keywords "shall" and "shall not" indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the
document and from which no deviation is permitted.
The keywords, "should" and "should not" indicate that, among several possibilities, one is recommended as
particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; or that a certain course of action is preferred but
not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain possibility or course of action is deprecated
but not prohibited.
The keywords "may" and "need not" indicate courses of action permissible within the limits of the document.
The keyword “reserved” indicates a provision that is not defined at this time, shall not be used, and may be
defined in the future. The keyword “forbidden” indicates “reserved” and in addition indicates that the provision
will never be defined in the future.
Unless otherwise specified, the order of precedence of the types of normative information in this document
shall be as follows: Normative prose shall be the authoritative definition; tables shall be next; followed by
formal languages; then figures; and then any other language forms.
3 Normative References
Note: All references in this document to other SMPTE documents may use the current numbering style
(e.g. SMPTE ST 274:2008) although, during a transitional phase, the document as published (printed or
PDF) may bear an older designation (such as SMPTE 274M-2008). Documents with the same root number
(e.g. 274) and publication year (e.g. 2008) are functionally identical.
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision,
and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
most recent edition of the standards indicated below.
SMPTE ST 274:2008, Television — 1920 × 1080 Image Sample Structure, Digital Representation and Digital
Timing Reference Sequences for Multiple Picture Rates
SMPTE ST 291:2011, Ancillary Data Packet and Space Formatting
SMPTE RP 160:1997, Three-Channel Parallel Analog Component High-Definition Video lnterface
SMPTE RP 177:1993 (R2002), Derivation of Basic Television Color Equations
CIE Publication 15.2:2004, Colorimetry, Third Edition
IEC 61169-8 (2007-02), Radio Frequency Connectors, Part 8: Sectional Specification — R.F. Coaxial Connectors
with Inner Diameter of Outer Conductor 6,5 mm (0,256 in) with Bayonet Lock — Characteristics Impedance 50 Ohm
(Type BNC), Annex A (Normative) — Information for Interface Dimensions of 75 Ohm Characteristic Impedance
Connector with Unspecified Reflection Factor
Recommendation ITU-R.BT 709-5 (2002), Parameter Values for the HDTV Standards for Production and
International Programme Exchange
4
Genera
l
The specification of a system claiming compliance with this standard shall state:
– which of the systems of Table 1 are implemented;
Page 4 of 24 pages
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SMPTE ST 296:2012
– which of the analog R′ G′ B′ or Y′ P′
B
P′
R
and/or which of the digital R′ G′ B′ or Y′ C′
B
C′
R
interfaces are
implemented; and
– whether the digital representation employs eight bits or 10 bits per sample in its uniformly quantized (linear)
PCM coding;
– whether the digital presentation employs 4:2:2 or 4:4:4 sampling.
Digital codeword values in this standard are expressed as decimal values in the 10-bit representation. An
eight-bit system shall either round or truncate to the most significant eight bits as specified in Section 8.
5 Image (Raster) Structure
The 1280x720 image structure defined in this standard shall be mapped onto an interface that contains 750
total lines as shown in Figures 1 and 3. The Interface sampling frequency shall be maintained to a
tolerance of ±10 ppm.
In a system according to this standard, each frame shall comprise 750 lines including:
– Vertical blanking:
lines 1 through 25 inclusive (including vertical sync lines 1 through 5 inclusive) and lines 746 and 750
inclusive;
Note: For details of vertical timing digital or analog representation see Figures 1 and 3
– Image structure: 720 lines, lines 26 through 745 inclusive.
Ancillary data may be conveyed during vertical blanking, lines 1 through 25 inclusive. The portion within each
of these lines that may be used for ancillary data is defined in Section 10. Ancillary signals shall not convey
picture information although they may be employed to convey other related or unrelated signals, coded
similarly to picture information. Ancillary data per SMPTE ST 291 is preferred for fully digital systems.
Further
specification of ancillary signals is outside the scope of this standard.
During time intervals not otherwise used, the R′ G′ B′ or Y′ P′
B
P′
R
(which become Y′ C′
B
C′
R
in digital
representation shown of Section 8) components shall have a blanking level corresponding to zero.
The production aperture defines a region 1280 samples by 720 lines. The horizontal extent of the production
aperture shall have the 50% point of its leading transition at reference luma sample 0 and the 50% point of its
trailing transition at luma sample 1279. The production aperture defines the maximum extent of picture
information. For further information, consult Annex B.
The aspect ratio of the image represented by the production aperture shall be 16:9. The sample aspect ratio
is 1:1 (square pixels).
The center of the picture shall be located at the center of the production aperture, midway between samples
639 and 640, and midway between lines 385 and 386.
Each edge of the picture width, measured at the 50% amplitude point, shall lie within six reference clock
intervals of the production aperture.
Page 5 of 24 pages
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