Aruba CX10系列6300/6400交换机AOS-CX10.10基础操作手册

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Aruba CX10版本命令手册是针对Aruba 6300-6400系列交换机的操作指南，适用于AOS-CX10.10 Fundamentals Edition，发布日期为2022年8月，第二版。该文档由Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP提供版权，包含了一些开源代码，这些代码遵循GNU General Public License（GPL）以及某些其他开源许可证。用户在收到最终产品版本后的三年内可以申请获得源代码，需支付相应的费用。手册的核心内容涵盖了基本的命令操作、配置管理和维护，旨在帮助用户有效地管理Aruba 6300和6400系列交换机。它包括但不限于： 1. 命令行界面介绍：详细介绍了Aruba CX10交换机的命令行环境，包括登录、导航和常用命令的基本语法和功能。 2. 配置设置：涵盖基础网络配置，如IP地址分配、VLAN管理、QoS策略、安全设置（如AAA身份验证和访问控制）等。 3. 端口配置：指导用户如何配置接口速度、双工模式、链路聚合、MAC地址学习和其他物理层特性。 4. 路由和交换：讲解如何配置静态、动态路由以及VXLAN和SDN（Software-Defined Networking）相关的配置选项。 5. 服务质量(QoS)：关于如何优化带宽管理、优先级队列设置以及流量整形的详细步骤。 6. 故障排查与调试：提供了故障诊断工具和技术，帮助用户解决常见问题，提高设备的稳定性。 7. 安全性与备份：涉及如何实施安全策略，如SSH和HTTPS，以及备份和恢复数据的方法。 8. 开放源代码许可：解释了如何获取和使用软件中的开源组件，这对于开发者和高级用户理解交换机的底层工作原理至关重要。 9. 版权和法律声明：强调了版权信息以及使用该手册时的注意事项，包括保修条款和免责声明，提醒用户在使用过程中注意遵守相关规定。 Aruba CX10版本命令手册为Aruba 6300-6400系列交换机的使用者提供了全面的指导，无论是初次接触该设备的管理员，还是经验丰富的网络工程师，都能从中获益匪浅。通过学习和实践手册中的内容，用户能够更好地理解和控制他们的网络基础设施。

About AOS-CX | 16

The Aruba Network Analytics Engine is a first-of-its-kind built-in framework for network assurance and

remediation. Combining the full automation and deep visibility capabilities of the AOS-CX operating system,

this unique framework enables monitoring, collecting network data, evaluating conditions, and taking

corrective actions through simple scripting agents.

This engine is integrated with the AOS-CX system configuration and time series databases, enabling you to

examine historical trends and predict future problems due to scale, security, and performance bottlenecks.

With that information, you can create software modules that automatically detect such issues and take

appropriate actions.

With the faster network insights and automation provided by the Aruba Network Analytics Engine, you can

reduce the time spent on manual tasks and address current and future demands driven by Mobility and IoT.

AOS-CX CLI

The AOS-CX CLI is an industry standard text-based command-line interface with hierarchical structure

designed to reduce training time and increase productivity in multivendor installations.

The CLI gives you access to the full set of commands for the switch while providing the same password

protection that is used in the Web UI. You can use the CLI to configure, manage, and monitor devices

running the AOS-CX operating system.

Aruba CX mobile app

The Aruba CX mobile app enables you to use a mobile device to configure or access a supported AOS-CX

switch. You can connect to the switch through Bluetooth or Wi-Fi.

You can use this application to do the following:

n Connect to the switch for the first time and configure basic operational settings—all without requiring

you to connect a terminal emulator to the console port.

n View and change the configuration of individual switch features or settings.

n Manage the running configuration and startup configuration of the switch, including the following:

Transferring files between the switch and your mobile device

Sharing configuration files from your mobile device

Copying the running configuration to the startup configuration

n Access the switch CLI.

For more information about the Aruba CX mobile app, see:

www.arubanetworks.com/products/networking/switches/cx-mobileapp.

Aruba NetEdit

Aruba NetEdit enables the automation of multidevice configuration change workflows without the

overhead of programming.

The key capabilities of NetEdit include the following:

n Intelligent configuration with validation for consistency and compliance

n Time savings by simultaneously viewing and editing multiple configurations

n Customized validation tests for corporate compliance and network design

n Automated large-scale configuration deployment without programming

n Ability to track changes to hardware, software, and configurations (whether made through NetEdit or

directly on the switch) with automated versioning

For more information about Aruba NetEdit, search for NetEdit at the following website:

www.hpe.com/support/hpesc

Ansible modules

Ansible is an open-source IT automation platform.

Aruba publishes a set of Ansible configuration management modules designed for switches running AOS-CX

software. The modules are available from the following places:

n The arubanetworks.aoscx_role role in the Ansible Galaxy at:

https://galaxy.ansible.com/arubanetworks/aoscx_role

n The aoscx-ansible-role at the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/aruba/aoscx-ansible-

role

AOS-CX Web UI

The Web UI gives you quick and easy visibility into what is happening on your switch, providing faster

problem detection, diagnosis, and resolution. The Web UI provides dashboards and views to monitor the

status of the switch, including easy to read indicators for: power supply, temperature, fans, CPU use,

memory use, log entries, system information, firmware, interfaces, VLANs, and LAGs. In addition, you use

the Web UI to access the Network Analytics Engine, run certain diagnostics, and modify some aspects of the

switch configuration.

AOS-CX REST API

Switches running the AOS-CX software are fully programmable with a REST (REpresentational State Transfer)

API, allowing easy integration with other devices both on premises and in the cloud. This programmability—

combined with the Aruba Network Analytics Engine—accelerates network administrator understanding of

and response to network issues.

The AOS-CX REST API enables programmatic access to the AOS-CX configuration and state database at the

heart of the switch. By using a structured model, changes to the content and formatting of the CLI output

do not affect the programs you write. And because the configuration is stored in a structured database

instead of a text file, rolling back changes is easier than ever, thus dramatically reducing a risk of downtime

and performance issues.

The AOS-CX REST API is a web service that performs operations on switch resources using HTTPS POST, GET,

PUT, and DELETE methods.

A switch resource is indicated by its Uniform Resource Identifier (URI). A URI can be made up of several

components, including the host name or IP address, port number, the path, and an optional query string.

The AOS-CX operating system includes the AOS-CX REST API Reference, which is a web interface based on

the Swagger UI. The AOS-CX REST API Reference provides the reference documentation for the REST API,

including resources URIs, models, methods, and errors. The AOS-CX REST API Reference shows most of the

supported read and write methods for all switch resources.

In-band and out-of-band management

Management communications with a managed switch can be either of the following:

AOS-CX 10.10 Fundamentals Guide | (6300, 6400 Switch Series)

About AOS-CX | 18

In band

In-band management communications occur through ports on the line modules of the switch, using

common communications protocols such as SSH and SNMP.

When you use an in-band management connection, management traffic from that connection uses the

same network infrastructure as user data. User data uses the data plane, which is responsible for

moving data from source to destination. Management traffic that uses the data plane is more likely to be

affected by traffic congestion and other issues affecting the user network.

Out of band

OOBM (out-of-band management) communications occur through a dedicated serial or USB console

port or though a dedicated networked management port.

OOBM operates on a management plane that is separate from the data plane used by data traffic on

the switch and by in-band management traffic. That separation means that OOBM can continue to

function even during periods of traffic congestion, equipment malfunction, or attacks on the network. In

addition, it can provide improved switch security: a properly configured switch can limit management

access to the management port only, preventing malicious attempts to gain access through the data

ports.

Networked OOBM typically occurs on a management network that connects multiple switches. It has the

added advantage that it can be done from a central location and does not require an individual physical

cable from the management station to the console port of each switch.

SNMP-based management support

The AOS-CX operating system provides SNMP read access to the switch. SNMP support includes support of

industry-standard MIB (Management Information Base) plus private extensions, including SNMP events,

alarms, history, statistics groups, and a private alarm extension group. SNMP access is disabled by default.

User accounts

To view or change configuration settings on the switch, users must log in with a valid account.

Authentication of user accounts can be performed locally on the switch, or by using the services of an

external TACACS+ or RADIUS server.

Two types of user accounts are supported:

n Operators: Operators can view configuration settings, but cannot change them. No operator accounts

are created by default.

n Administrators: Administrators can view and change configuration settings. A default locally stored

administrator account is created with username set to admin and no password. You set the

administrator account password as part of the initial configuration procedure for the switch.

Chapter 3

Initial Configuration

Perform the initial configuration of a factory default switch using one of the following methods:

n Load a switch configuration using zero-touch provisioning (ZTP). When ZTP is used, the configuration is

loaded from a server automatically when the switch booted from the factory default configuration.

n Connect to the switch wirelessly with a mobile device through Bluetooth, and use the Aruba CX Mobile

App to deploy an initial configuration from a provided template. The template you choose during the

deployment process determines how the management interface is configured. Optionally, as the final

deployment step, you can select to import the switch into NetEdit through a WiFI connection to the

NetEdit server.

Alternatively, you can use the Aruba CX Mobile App to manually configure switch settings and features for a

subset of the features you can configure using the CLI. You can also access the CLI through the mobile

application.

n Connect the management port on the switch to your network, and then use SSH client software to reach

the switch from a computer connected to the same network. This requires that a DHCP server is installed

on the network. Configure switch settings and features by executing CLI commands.

n Connect a computer running terminal emulation software to the console port on the switch. Configure

switch settings and features by executing CLI commands.

Initial configuration using ZTP

Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) configures a switch automatically from a remote server.

Prerequisites

n The switch must be in the factory default configuration.

Do not change the configuration of the switch from its factory default configuration in any way, including by

setting the administrator password.

n Your network administrator or installation site coordinator must provide a Category 6 (Cat6) cable

connected to the network that provides access to the servers used for Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP)

operations.

Procedure

1. Connect the network cable to the out-of-band management port on the switch. If your network

administrator or installation site coordinator has instructed you to connect network cable to a data

port, connect the cable to that data port instead.

See the Installation Guide for switch to determine the location of the switch ports.

2. If the switch is powered on, power off the switch.

3. Power on the switch. During the ZTP operation, the switch might reboot if a new firmware image is

being installed. ZTP goes to "Failed" state if the switch receives DHCP IP for vlan1 and does not

receive any ZTP options within 60 seconds.

AOS-CX 10.10 Fundamentals Guide | (6300, 6400 Switch Series)

Initial Configuration | 20

Initial configuration using the Aruba CX mobile app

This procedure describes how to use your mobile device to connect to the Bluetooth interface of the switch

to connect to the switch for the first time so that you can configure basic operational settings using the

Aruba CX mobile app.

Prerequisites

n You have obtained the USB Bluetooth adapter that was shipped with the switch. Information about the

make and model of the supported adapter is included in the information about the Aruba CX mobile app

in the Apple Store or Google Play.

n The Aruba CX mobile app must be installed on your mobile device.

n Bluetooth must be enabled on your mobile device.

n Your mobile device must be within the communication range of the Bluetooth adapter.

n If you are planning to import the switch into NetEdit, your mobile device must be able to use a Wi-Fi

connection—not Bluetooth—to access the NetEdit server.

If your mobile device does not support simultaneous Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connections, you must use the

NetEdit interface to import the switch at a later time. You can use the Devices tab to display the IP address

of the switches you configured using your mobile device.

n The switch must be installed and powered on, with the network operating system boot sequence

complete.

For information about installing and powering on the switch, see the Installation Guide for the switch.

Because you are using this mobile application to configure the switch through the Bluetooth interface, it is

not necessary to connect a console to the switch.

n Bluetooth and USB must be enabled on the switch. On switches shipped from the factory, Bluetooth

and USB are enabled by default.

Procedure

1. Install the USB Bluetooth adapter in the USB port of the switch.

For switches that have multiple management modules, you must install the USB Bluetooth adapter

in the USB port of the active management module. Typically, the active management module is the

module in slot5. On the 6400, the active management module is typically installed in slot 1. When

configuring a stack, a USB Bluetooth adapter must be installed on each 6300 switch in the stack.

Switches shipped from the factory have both USB and Bluetooth enabled by default.

For information about the location of the USB port on the switch, see the Installation Guide for the

switch.

2. Use the Bluetooth settings on your mobile device to pair and connect the switch to your mobile

device.

If you are in range of multiple Bluetooth devices, more than one device is displayed on the list of

available devices. Switches running the AOS-CX operating system are displayed in the following

format:

Switch_model - Serial_number

For example: 8325-987654X1234567 or 8320-AB12CDE123

A switch supports one active Bluetooth connection at a time.

On some Android devices, you might need to change the settings of the paired device to specify that

it be used for Internet access.

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