DS1302详解：实时时钟芯片功能与应用

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DS1302是一款专用于实时钟功能的精密时钟芯片，其详细文档提供了对芯片关键特性的深入理解。这款8针DIP或可选的8针SOIC封装设计，支持表面安装，旨在提供高度紧凑的解决方案，减少引脚数量，适用于对空间敏感的应用。 DS1302的核心功能包括： 1. **实时计时**：它精确地计数秒、分钟、小时以及日期（包括月份和星期），并且具备闰年补偿能力，确保时间的准确性直到2100年。这对于需要长期稳定计时的系统如闹钟、电子设备以及计算机系统中的时间同步至关重要。 2. **存储空间**：内置31x8位RAM，作为临时数据存储区，方便用户存储和读取时钟或数据，提高了灵活性和功能性。 3. **串行接口**：通过单一的SCLK线进行数据传输，降低了接口复杂度，使得在资源有限的环境中也能轻松集成。 4. **电源管理**：工作电压范围宽广，从2.0V到5.5V，低功耗模式下电流消耗小于300nA，在2.0V下运行更加节能。同时，支持双供电，可以利用VCC1作为主电源，VCC2作为备份或超级电容输入，增加了系统的可靠性和灵活性。 5. **兼容性与扩展**：除了基本功能，DS1302还兼容DS1202，且增加了额外特性，如可选的涓流充电功能，以及用于电池或超级电容器的备用电源供电引脚。此外，它拥有额外的7字节存储空间，进一步增强了数据存储能力。 6. **简单接口**：采用简单的3线接口，包括复位（RST）、数据输入/输出（I/O）和串行时钟（SCLK），与TTL兼容，使得设计过程更加便捷。 7. **温度范围**：除了标准工作温度范围，还提供了工业级别的选项，可以在-40°C至+85°C的宽温范围内正常工作。 DS1302的这些特性使其成为嵌入式系统和物联网设备中不可或缺的时间管理组件，特别是在需要长时间保持准确时间、低成本且易于集成的应用场景中。对于硬件开发者而言，理解并熟练运用DS1302的这些特性，能有效提升产品的性能和稳定性。

DS1302

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ADDRESS/COMMAND BYTE Figure 2

RESET AND CLOCK CONTROL

All data transfers are initiated by driving the RST input high. The RST input serves two functions. First,

RST turns on the control logic which allows access to the shift register for the address/command

sequence. Second, the RST signal provides a method of terminating either single byte or multiple byte

data transfer.

A clock cycle is a sequence of a falling edge followed by a rising edge. For data inputs, data must be

valid during the rising edge of the clock and data bits are output on the falling edge of clock. If the RST

input is low all data transfer terminates and the I/O pin goes to a high impedance state. Data transfer is

illustrated in Figure 3. At power–up, RST must be a logic 0 until V

] 2.0 volts. Also SCLK must be at

a logic 0 when RST is driven to a logic 1 state.

DATA INPUT

Following the eight SCLK cycles that input a write command byte, a data byte is input on the rising edge

of the next eight SCLK cycles. Additional SCLK cycles are ignored should they inadvertently occur. Data

is input starting with bit 0.

DATA OUTPUT

Following the eight SCLK cycles that input a read command byte, a data byte is output on the falling

edge of the next eight SCLK cycles. Note that the first data bit to be transmitted occurs on the first falling

edge after the last bit of the command byte is written. Additional SCLK cycles retransmit the data bytes

should they inadvertently occur so long as RST remains high. This operation permits continuous burst

mode read capability. Also, the I/O pin is tri–stated upon each rising edge of SCLK. Data is output

starting with bit 0.

BURST MODE

Burst mode may be specified for either the clock/calendar or the RAM registers by addressing location 31

decimal (address/command bits 1 through 5 = logic 1). As before, bit 6 specifies clock or RAM and bit 0

specifies read or write. There is no data storage capacity at locations 9 through 31 in the Clock/Calendar

Registers or location 31 in the RAM registers. Reads or writes in burst mode start with bit 0 of address 0.

As in the case with the DS1202, when writing to the clock registers in the burst mode, the first eight

registers must be written in order for the data to be transferred. However, when writing to RAM in burst

mode it is not necessary to write all 31 bytes for the data to transfer. Each byte that is written to will be

transferred to RAM regardless of whether all 31 bytes are written or not.

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DS1302详解：实时时钟芯片功能与应用

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