g-C
3
N
4
as a saturable absorber for the passively
Q-switched Nd:LLF laser at 1.3 μm
Xiaochun Gao,
1
Shixia Li,
2,3
Tao Li,
2
Guiqiu Li,
2,
* and Houyi Ma
1
1
Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
2
School of Information Science and Engineering, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology
and Application, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
3
College of Physics Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
*Corresponding author: gqiuli@sdu.edu.cn
Received October 17, 2016; revised December 5, 2016; accepted December 6, 2016;
posted December 7, 2016 (Doc. ID 278721); published January 6, 2017
Two-dimensional (2D) graphite carbon nitride (g-C
3
N
4
) nanosheets have been successfully used as a saturable
absorber (SA) in a passively Q-switched Nd:LLF laser at 1.3 μm for the first time, to the best of our knowledge.
Under an incident pump power of 9.97 W, the shortest pulse duration of 275 ns was acquired with output power of
0.96 W and pulse repetition rate of 154 kHz, resulting in a pulse energy of 6.2 μJ. In addition, the saturable ab-
sorption behaviors of zero-dimensional 12 nm g-C
3
N
4
nanoparticles (g-C
3
N
4
-NPs) and three-dimensional ordered
mesoporous g-C
3
N
4
(mpg-C
3
N
4
) were also observed, although their morphology and structure were quite different
from 2D g-C
3
N
4
. The experimental results introduce the potential application of g-C
3
N
4
nanomaterials as SAs in
Q-switched lasers. © 2017 Chinese Laser Press
OCIS codes: (140.3480) Lasers, diode-pumped; (140.3540) Lasers, Q-switched; (140.3070) Infrared
and far-infrared lasers; (160.4236) Nanomaterials.
https://doi.org/10.1364/PRJ.5.000033
With the appearance of graphene [1], the exploration for a new
generation of two-dimensional (2D) graphene-like saturable
absorbers (SAs) has been the focus of intensive research in re-
cent years [2–5]. 2D materials have expended the scope of tra-
ditional SAs, such as Cr
4
:YAG, GaAs, and V:YAG, which are
wavelength sensitive, responding to specific wavelength band
[6–9]. Very recently, a new class of sp
2
hybridized metal-free
materials, graphite carbon nitride (g-C
3
N
4
), has attracted
worldwide attention due to its visible-light-driven bandgap
and proper band edges, which make it fairly suitable for water
splitting [10], energy conversion [11,12], and pollutant removal
[13]. Meanwhile,g-C
3
N
4
possesses highstability withrespect to
chemical, thermal (<873 K), and photochemical attack be-
cause of its tri-s-triazine ring structure and high degree of
polymerization [10]. However, compared with its chemical
properties, its optical characteristics have not yet received
much attention. Encouraged by the analogous structural and
electronic properties of graphene, it seems plausible to obtain
positive results using g-C
3
N
4
as SAs to generate pulsed lasers.
Herein, for the first time, to our knowledge, we investigated
a passively Q-switched Nd:LLF laser at 1.3 μm with 2D g-C
3
N
4
nanosheets as an SA by spreading its dispersions over a trans-
parent YAG substrate. Furthermore, the optical properties of
the other structural g-C
3
N
4
materials, including 12 nm g-C
3
N
4
nanoparticles (NPs) and cashew-shaped mesoporous
C
3
N
4
mpg-C
3
N
4
, were also investigated. In spite of the great
differences in morphology, we found that all g-C
3
N
4
samples
can be used as broadband SAs due to their absorption from
800 to 3000 nm. It is believed that the g-C
3
N
4
-based materials
will find wide applications in the generation of Q-switched la-
sers from the infrared to mid-infrared in the near future.
The g-C
3
N
4
nanosheets were prepared through ultrasonic
pulverization of bulk g-C
3
N
4
powders [14]. In brief, 10.0 g mel-
amine (99%, Aldrich) was placed in a crucible and heated at a
rate of 5°C min
−1
to reach a temperature of 600°C in a muffle
furnace, followed by tempering at this temperature for an-
other 2 h. After natural cooling, 200 mg bulk g-C
3
N
4
was fully
ground and dispersed in 200 mL of distilled water and treated
for 12 h with the technique of ultrasonic pulverization. After
30 min centrifugation at 4000 rpm, the stock solution of g-C
3
N
4
nanosheets was obtained by taking the supernatant.
4 g cyanamide was dissolved in 16 mL of 40% dispersion of
12 nm SiO
2
particles (Ludox HS40, Aldrich) with vigorous stir-
ring at 100°Cto removewater [15]. The resulting white powders
were heated at a rate of 2.3°C min
−1
over 4 h to 550°C and held
for another 4h. The resulting brown-yellowpowderwas treated
with 4 mol/L NH
4
HF
2
for 2 days to remove the silica template.
The remaining powders were filtered and then washed
thoroughly with distilled water and ethanol. The final product
was obtained by drying overnight at 80°C under vacuum.
Cashew-shaped mesoporous g-C
3
N
4
(mpg-C
3
N
4
) was pre-
pared according to our previous method [16]. 1.0 g of SBA-
15 was impregnated in 70 mL of aqueous solution containing
2.0 g of dicyandiamide and sonicated for 2 h. The resulting
mixture was then heated to 80°C for 24 h to remove the water,
and finally calcined under nitrogen atmospheres at 550°C for
4 h at a heating rate of 2.3°C min
−1
. To remove the silica
template, the resulting silica-g-C
3
N
4
powders were treated
with 2 mol/L NaOH for 24 h, followed by filtration, washing
with water and ethanol several times, and drying at 50°C.
Finally, the desired light-yellow powder, denoted as
mpg-C
3
N
4
, was obtained.
Gao et al. Vol. 5, No. 1 / February 2017 / Photon. Res. 33
2327-9125/17/010033-04 © 2017 Chinese Laser Press
下载后可阅读完整内容，剩余3页未读，立即下载
weixin_38603204
- 粉丝: 3
- 资源: 972
我的内容管理
展开
最新资源
- OptiX传输试题与SDH基础知识
- C++Builder函数详解与应用
- Linux shell (bash) 文件与字符串比较运算符详解
- Adam Gawne-Cain解读英文版WKT格式与常见投影标准
- dos命令详解：基础操作与网络测试必备
- Windows 蓝屏代码解析与处理指南
- PSoC CY8C24533在电动自行车控制器设计中的应用
- PHP整合FCKeditor网页编辑器教程
- Java Swing计算器源码示例：初学者入门教程
- Eclipse平台上的可视化开发：使用VEP与SWT
- 软件工程CASE工具实践指南
- AIX LVM详解：网络存储架构与管理
- 递归算法解析：文件系统、XML与树图
- 使用Struts2与MySQL构建Web登录验证教程
- PHP5 CLI模式：用PHP编写Shell脚本教程
- MyBatis与Spring完美整合：1.0.0-RC3详解
资源上传下载、课程学习等过程中有任何疑问或建议，欢迎提出宝贵意见哦~我们会及时处理！
点击此处反馈
