VS6724：2兆像素单芯片相机模块

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"VS6724是一款由ST公司生产的200万像素单芯片相机模块。这款相机在开发阶段，其详细信息可能会有所变化。它提供了行业领先的30fps UXGA逐行扫描性能，拥有2.2微米的像素大小，1/3.8英寸光学格式，以及四元素塑料镜头，F#3.2，52°水平视场角。相机模块尺寸紧凑，仅为8.0x8.0x5.55毫米，内置无源元件，支持固定焦距。" VS6724的主要特性包括： 1. **高分辨率**：该模块具有1600H x 1200V的活动像素，能够提供清晰、高分辨率的图像。 2. **高性能帧率**：具备30fps的UXGA（1600x1200像素）逐行扫描能力，确保流畅的视频流体验。 3. **微型像素与光学设计**：每个像素尺寸为2.2微米，1/3.8英寸光学格式，结合四元素塑料镜头，F#3.2，提供了良好的光学性能和52°的水平视野。 4. **紧凑型固定焦距设计**：模块尺寸小巧，8.0x8.0x5.55毫米，适合集成到各种紧凑设备中。 5. **色彩过滤**：采用RGB拜耳色彩滤镜阵列，实现真实的色彩再现。 6. **数字图像处理**：内置10位ADC，集成了包括缺陷校正、镜头遮光校正、图像缩放、插值、锐化、伽玛校正和色彩空间转换等丰富的数字图像处理功能。 7. **硬件JPEG压缩**：支持4:2:0或4:2:2的硬件JPEG压缩，提供30fps的流媒体性能，节省存储和传输带宽。 8. **智能相机控制**：嵌入式相机控制器负责自动曝光控制、自动白平衡控制、黑电平补偿、50/60Hz闪烁消除和闪光灯支持，确保在不同环境下获得理想的成像效果。 9. **可编程性**：用户可以完全编程帧率和输出降级功能，适应不同应用场景的需求。 10. **低功耗**：在视频捕获模式下，低至30fps时仍能保持SVGA（800x600像素）的分辨率，且功耗较低。 VS6724是一款高性能、多功能的相机模块，适用于需要高质量、实时图像处理和低功耗的工业、消费电子或物联网应用。其强大的内置功能和小巧的体积，使其成为各种产品设计的理想选择，特别是在有限空间和对图像质量有较高要求的场合。不过，由于是初步数据，实际使用前需关注ST官方发布的最终规格以获取最新和最准确的信息。

Functional description VS6724

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2.4.9 Defect correction 1 & 2

The input to the defect correction filters is a 5x5 pixel matrix from which a centre pixel and a

neighborhood of 8 pixels is extracted. The 8 pixel neighborhood is used to determine the

validity of the corresponding centre pixel. This is achieved using the ranked output of a

Batcher-Banyan sort architecture. The defect correction filters perform both detection and

weighted correction on all data. Defect correction 1 is weighted to work horizontally and

vertically. Defect correction 2 is weighted to operate on the diagonal elements.

2.4.10 Spatial noise reduction

The noise reduction module implements an algorithm based on the human-visual system

and adaptive pixel filtering that reduces perceived noise in an image whilst maintaining

areas of high definition.

2.4.11 Interpolation

The interpolation module converts Bayer pixel data to RGB and applies an anti-alias filter to

the data. It also generates the sharp data used in the aperture correction block.

2.5 Color engine (CE block)

The role of the CE is to process the RGB data from the recovery engine into a specific

format requested by the host, e.g. RGB565 for LCD display, or YCbCr for the JPEG encoder.

2.5.1 Color matrix

A matrix color correction transform is performed on the outputs of the scaler, the matrix is

detailed in

Figure 6

Figure 6. Color matrix

The matrix equations are:

Ro = Rin.rcof00 + Gin.rcof01 + Bin.rcof02

Go = Rin.rcof10 + Gin.rcof11 + Bin.rcof12

Bo = Rin.rcof20 + Gin.rcof21 + Bin.rcof22

Note: The neutral-preserving (“eigen-grey”) property of the matrix can be achieved by ensuring

the matrix rows sum to unity.

rcof00

rcof10

rcof20

rcof01

rcof11

rcof21

rcof02

rcof12

rcof22

VS6724 Functional description

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2.5.2 Aperture correction

The aperture correction module is used to add a certain amount of sharpening to the scaled

RGB, it can be programmed to reduce as the light level drops. The aperture correction

module also includes a function known as coring which allows control of the minimum

magnitude which any edge on the image must exceed before sharpening is applied. This

ensures that small edges such as noise are not amplified by the sharpening. The coring can

be programmed to increase as the light level drops.

2.5.3 Special effects

The special effects module is used to apply simple transforms onto the input data. The

supported effects are: Black and White, Hue, Sepia, Negative, Antique, sketch, caricature

and Emboss. There are also a number of color effects which can only be applied to YCbCr

data.

2.5.4 Gamma correction

The gamma module is a gain curve applied to each of the three image components from the

sharpening module. The shape of the gain curve is fully programmable.

2.5.5 YCbCr conversion

This module performs color space conversion from RGB to YCbCr. It is used to control the

contrast and color saturation of the output image as well as the fade to black feature.

2.5.6 Dither

The dither block is used in RGB modes to reduce contouring in the image when the data is

truncated to lower ranges. This is achieved by determining the error introduced by truncation

and adding/subtracting this residual energy to/from the subsequent pixel.

2.6 Video compression module

The JPEG encoder receives YCbCr data from the image reconstruction engine and

encodes it using baseline sequential JPEG technique. It outputs a standard JPEG data

stream with all the required markers and segments required by decoders.

2.6.1 Features

● Supports YCbCr 422 as input data format.

● Converts YCbCr 422 to 420 format internally, format selectable.

● Baseline ISO/ IEC 10918-1 JPEG compliance.

● Programmable quantization tables.

● Capable of streaming the UXGA image at a rate of 30 frames per second.

● Manual / automatic compression control via scaled quantization tables.

● Automatic compression control targeted at file size and/or peak bit-rate.

● Progressive high-frequency roll-off option for increased compression.

● Intraframe rate-control via zig-zag sequence truncation.

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