MIMO-OFDM无线通信技术MATLAB实现详解

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"MIMO-OFDM无线通信技术及MATLAB实现(英文版)"，这是一本专注于MIMO-OFDM无线通信技术，并结合MATLAB工具进行实现的专业书籍。作者包括来自韩国多所大学的教授，如Chung-Ang University、Yonsei University和Korea University的专家。 MIMO（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output）与OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing）是现代无线通信系统中的关键技术。MIMO技术通过利用空间多样性和多路传输来显著提高无线通信系统的数据速率和可靠性，而OFDM则是一种频分复用技术，通过将高速数据流分解成多个低速子流，分配到相互正交的子载波上，有效对抗了多径传播引起的频率选择性衰落。在本书中，作者详细介绍了MIMO-OFDM的基本概念、理论基础和系统设计。这可能包括： 1. **MIMO系统原理**：阐述多天线通信的优势，如空间复用、空间分集和波束赋形等，以及不同类型的MIMO架构，如SU-MIMO（Single User MIMO）和MU-MIMO（Multi User MIMO）。 2. **OFDM技术详解**：深入讲解OFDM的工作原理，包括符号映射、IFFT/FFT运算、循环前缀的使用、子载波分配和多载波调制解调方法。 3. **信道模型和信道估计**：讨论无线信道的特性，如瑞利衰落和多径传播，以及如何进行信道估计以改善系统性能。 4. **MIMO-OFDM系统的信号处理**：涵盖发射和接收端的预编码和均衡技术，以及干扰抑制策略。 5. **MATLAB仿真**：提供实际的MATLAB代码示例，帮助读者理解和实现MIMO-OFDM通信系统的各种算法，如信道编码、解码、同步和信号检测等。 6. **性能分析和优化**：探讨系统性能指标，如误码率（BER）、容量和覆盖范围，并研究不同参数对系统性能的影响。 7. **实际应用案例**：可能涉及4G/LTE、5G和Wi-Fi等无线通信标准中MIMO-OFDM的应用。这本书对于通信工程的学生、研究人员和工程师来说，是一个宝贵的资源，因为它不仅提供了理论知识，还通过MATLAB实践增强了读者的动手能力。通过阅读和实践书中的例子，读者可以深入理解MIMO-OFDM通信系统的复杂性，并具备在实际项目中应用这些技术的能力。

signal detection for spatially-multiplexed MIMO systems, precoding and antenna selection

techniques, and multiuser MIMO systems.

Most MATLAB

programs are presented in a complete form so that the read ers with no

programming skill can run them instantly and focus on understanding the concepts and

characteristics of MIMO-OFDM systems. The contents of this book are derived from the works

of many great scholars, engineers, researchers, all of whom are deeply appreciated.

We would like to thank the reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions, which

contribute to enriching this book. We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to colleagues

and former students who developed source programs: Dr. Won Gi Jeon, Dr. Kyung-Won Park,

Dr. Mi-Hyun Lee, Dr. Kyu-In Lee, and Dr. Jong-Ho Paik. Special thanks should be given to Ph.D

candidates who supported in preparing the typescript of the book: Kyung Soo Woo, Jung-Wook

Wee, Chang Hwan Park, Yeong Jun Kim, Yo Han Ko, Hyun Il Yoo, Tae Ho Im, and many MS

students in the Digital Communication Lab at Chung-Ang University. We also thank the editorial

and production staffs, including Ms. Renee Lee of John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd and

Ms. A p a ra jita Srivastava of Thomso n Digit al, fo r the i r ki nd , efﬁcient, an d en couragin g

guidance.

Program ﬁles can be downloaded from http://comm.cau.ac.kr/MIMO_OFDM/index.html.

xiv Preface

The Wireless Channel: Propagation

and Fading

The performance of wireless communication systems is mainly governed by the wireless

channel environment. As opposed to the typically static and predictable characteristics of a

wired channel, the wireless channel is rather dynamic and unpredictable, which makes an exact

analysis of the wireless communication system often difﬁcult. In recent years, optimization of

the wireless commun ication system has become critical with the rapid growth of mobile

communication services and emerging broadband mobile Internet access serv ices. In fact, the

understanding of wireless channels will lay the foundation for the development of high

performance and bandwidth-efﬁcient wireless transmission technology.

In wireless communication, radio propagation refers to the behavior of radio waves when

they are propagated from transmitter to receiver. In the course of propagation, radio waves are

mainly affected by three different modes of physical phenomena: reﬂection, diffraction, and

scattering [1,2]. Reﬂection is the physical phenomenon that occurs when a propagating

electromagnetic wave impinges upon an object with very large dimensions compared to the

wavelength, for example, surface of the earth and building. It forces the transmit signal power to

be reﬂected back to its origin rather than being passed all the way along the path to the receiver.

Diffraction refers to various phenomena that occur when the radio path between the transmitter

and receiver is obstructed by a surface with sharp irregularities or small openings. It appears as a

bending of waves around the small obstacles and spreading out of waves past small openings.

The secondary waves generated by diffraction are useful for establishing a path between the

transmitter and receiver, even when a line-of-sight path is not present. Scattering is the physical

phenomenon that forces the radiation of an electrom agnetic wave to deviate from a straight path

by one or more local obstacles, with small dimensions compared to the wavelength. Those

obstacles that induce scattering, such as foliag e, street signs, and lamp posts, are referred to as

the scatters. In other words, the propagation of a radio wave is a complicated and less

predictable process that is governed by reﬂection, diffraction, and scatteri ng, whose intensity

varies with different environments at different instances.

A unique characteristic in a wireless channel is a phenomenon called ‘fading,’ the variation

of the signal amplitude over time and frequency. In contrast with the additive noise as the mos t

MIMO-OFDM Wireless Communications with MATLAB



Yong Soo Cho, Jaekwon Kim, Won Young Yang

and Chung G. Kang

 2010 John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd

common source of signal degradation, fading is another source of signal degradation that is

characterized as a non-additive signal disturbance in the wireless channel. Fading may either be

due to multipath propagation, referred to as multi-path (induced) fading, or to shadowing from

obstacles that affect the propagation of a radio wave, referred to as shadow fading.

The fading phenomenon in the wireless communication channel was initially modeled for

HF (High Frequency, 330 MHz), UHF (Ultra HF, 300 3000 GHz), and SHF (Super HF,

330 GHz) bands in the 1950s and 1960s. Currently, the most popular wireless channel models

have been est ablished for 800MHz to 2.5 GHz by extensive channel measurements in the ﬁeld.

These include the ITU-R standard channel models specialized for a single-antenna communi-

cation system, typically referred to as a SISO (Single Input Single Output) communication,

over some frequency bands. Meanwhile, spatial channel models for a multi-antenna commu-

nication syst em, referred to as the MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) system, have been

recently developed by the various research and standardization activities such as IEEE 802,

METRA Project, 3GPP/3G PP2, and WINNER Projects, aiming at high-speed wireless

transmission and diversity gain.

The fading phenomenon can be broadly classiﬁed into two different types: large-scale fading

and small-scale fading. Large-scale fading occurs as the mobile moves through a large distance,

for example, a distance of the order of cell size [1]. It is caused by path loss of signal as a

function of distance and shadowing by large objects such as buildings, intervening terrains, and

vegetation. Shadowing is a slow fading process char acterized by variation of median path loss

between the transmitter and receiver in ﬁxed locations. In other words, large-scale fading is

characterized by average path loss and shadowing. On the other hand, small-scale fading refers

to rapid variation of signal levels due to the constructive and destructive interference of multiple

signal paths (multi-paths) when the mobile station moves short distances. Depending on the

relative extent of a multipath, frequency selectivity of a channel is characterized (e.g., by

frequency-selective or frequency ﬂat) for small-scaling fading. Meanwhile, depending on the

time variation in a channel due to mobile speed (characterized by the Doppler spread), short-

term fading can be classiﬁed as either fast fading or slow fading. Figure 1.1 classiﬁes the types

of fading channels.

Fading channel

Large-scale fading Small-scale fading

Path loss Shadowing Multi-path fading Time variance

Frequency-selective

fading

Flat fading Fast fading Slow fading

Figure 1.1 Classiﬁcation of fading channels.

2 MIMO-OFDM Wireless Communications with MATLAB

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