Internet-Draft RTP Payload Format for HEVC November 5, 2015
fragmentation mechanism described in this memo in that they need
the cooperation of the encoder. As a dependent slice segment
necessarily contains an integer number of CTUs, a decoder using
multiple cores operating on CTUs can process a dependent slice
segment without communicating parts of the slice segment’s
bitstream to other cores. Fragmentation, as specified in this
memo, in contrast, does not guarantee that a fragment contains an
integer number of CTUs.
In wavefront parallel processing (WPP), the picture is
partitioned into rows of CTUs. Entropy decoding and prediction
are allowed to use data from CTUs in other partitions. Parallel
processing is possible through parallel decoding of CTU rows,
where the start of the decoding of a row is delayed by two CTUs,
so to ensure that data related to a CTU above and to the right of
the subject CTU is available before the subject CTU is being
decoded. Using this staggered start (which appears like a
wavefront when represented graphically), parallelization is
possible with up to as many processors/cores as the picture
contains CTU rows.
Because in-picture prediction between neighboring CTU rows within
a picture is allowed, the required inter-processor/inter-core
communication to enable in-picture prediction can be substantial.
The WPP partitioning does not result in the creation of more NAL
units compared to when it is not applied, thus WPP cannot be used
for MTU size matching, though slices can be used in combination
for that purpose.
Tiles define horizontal and vertical boundaries that partition a
picture into tile columns and rows. The scan order of CTUs is
changed to be local within a tile (in the order of a CTU raster
scan of a tile), before decoding the top-left CTU of the next
tile in the order of tile raster scan of a picture. Similar to
slices, tiles break in-picture prediction dependencies (including
entropy decoding dependencies). However, they do not need to be
included into individual NAL units (same as WPP in this regard),
hence tiles cannot be used for MTU size matching, though slices
can be used in combination for that purpose. Each tile can be
processed by one processor/core, and the inter-processor/inter-
core communication required for in-picture prediction between
Wang, et al Expires May 5, 2016 [Page 16]
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