TNY263-268电源模块：高效能、低成本解决方案

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"本文将深入探讨TNY263-268电源模块电路，这是一个TinySwitch-II系列的高效、低功耗离线开关器。它在电源设计中提供了诸多优势，如集成化的自动重启功能、减少外部组件成本、降低噪声、优化电磁干扰(EMI)以及紧凑的尺寸和优秀的参数稳定性等。" TNY263-268电源模块电路是TinySwitch-II家族的一员，其主要特点是高度集成和节能。这个系列的电源模块设计用于离线电源转换，特别是在需要低功耗和紧凑型解决方案的应用中。在图1所示的典型待机应用中，TNY263-268展示了其高效能和节省空间的优势。该模块的关键特性包括： 1. **集成的自动重启功能**：当发生短路或开路故障时，内置的保护机制可以自动重启，避免了额外的外部组件成本。 2. **消除音频噪声**：通过内置电路，即使使用普通浸渍漆变压器，也能几乎消除可听噪声，提高了系统的静音性能。 3. **可编程线路欠压检测**：防止电源开关时的瞬间波动，减少了对额外外部组件的需求。 4. **频率抖动技术**：大幅度降低EMI，约降低10分贝，从而减少EMI滤波器的成本。 5. **132kHz的操作频率**：使得变压器尺寸更小，允许使用EF12.6或EE13核心，降低了成本并减小了体积。 6. **严格的参数公差和微小的温度变化**：简化设计流程，降低成本，确保关键参数的稳定性和一致性。 7. **最低的组件计数**：TNY263-268提供最简洁的方案，降低了整体系统成本。 8. **扩展的可扩展设备家族**：为了实现更低的系统成本，这个系列提供了更多的选择。相比传统的RCC（电阻-电容-晶体管）和线性电源解决方案，TNY263-268具有更好的成本效益和性能。它比RCC、分立PWM和其它集成或混合解决方案更能节省系统成本，并且是庞大而笨重的线性稳压器的理想替代品。此外，简单的ON/OFF控制使得设计过程更为简便，无需复杂的控制机制。在实际应用中，TNY263-268电源模块电路可以广泛应用于消费电子、工业设备、智能家居、医疗设备等领域，为这些领域的电源管理提供了高效、可靠的解决方案。设计师可以利用其优点来优化产品的性能和成本，同时确保满足电磁兼容性(EMC)标准。

TNY263-268

4/05

DRAIN

CLOCK

DRAIN

MAX

PI-2749-050301

Figure 6. TinySwitch-II Operation at Near Maximum Loading.

DRAIN

CLOCK

DRAIN

MAX

PI-2667-090700

Figure 8. TinySwitch-II Operation at Medium Loading.

PI-2377-091100

DRAIN

CLOCK

DRAIN

MAX

Figure 7. TinySwitch-II Operation at Moderately Heavy Loading.

the SOURCE pin. The optocoupler LED is connected in series

with a Zener diode across the DC output voltage to be regulated.

When the output voltage exceeds the target regulation voltage

level (optocoupler LED voltage drop plus Zener voltage), the

optocoupler LED will start to conduct, pulling the EN/UV pin

low. The Zener diode can be replaced by a TL431 reference

circuit for improved accuracy.

ON/OFF Operation with Current Limit State Machine

The internal clock of the TinySwitch-II runs all the time. At

the beginning of each clock cycle, it samples the EN/UV pin to

decide whether or not to implement a switch cycle, and based

on the sequence of samples over multiple cycles, it determines

the appropriate current limit. At high loads, when the EN/UV

pin is high (less than 240

µA out of the pin), a switching cycle

with the full current limit occurs. At lighter loads, when EN/UV

is high, a switching cycle with a reduced current limit occurs.

At near maximum load, TinySwitch-II will conduct during nearly

all of its clock cycles (Figure 6). At slightly lower load, it will

“skip” additional cycles in order to maintain voltage regulation

at the power supply output (Figure 7). At medium loads, cycles

will be skipped and the current limit will be reduced (Figure 8).

At very light loads, the current limit will be reduced even further

(Figure 9). Only a small percentage of cycles will occur to

satisfy the power consumption of the power supply.

The response time of the TinySwitch-II ON/OFF control scheme

is very fast compared to normal PWM control. This provides

tight regulation and excellent transient response.

Power Up/Down

The TinySwitch-II requires only a 0.1 µF capacitor on the

BYPASS pin. Because of its small size, the time to charge this

capacitor is kept to an absolute minimum, typically 0.6 ms. Due

to the fast nature of the ON/OFF feedback, there is no overshoot

at the power supply output. When an external resistor (2 MΩ)

is connected from the positive DC input to the EN/UV pin, the

power MOSFET switching will be delayed during power-up until

the DC line voltage exceeds the threshold (100 V). Figures 10

and 11 show the power-up timing waveform of TinySwitch-II

in applications with and without an external resistor (2 MΩ)

connected to the EN/UV pin.

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