硅基高功率拉曼光纤激光器极端频移实验研究

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本文研究了基于二氧化硅光纤的高功率拉曼光纤激光（Raman Fiber Laser, RFL）在极端频率位移现象。作者团队通过实验手段对这种高性能RFL进行了深入探讨，其核心设计是利用一对具有固定且匹配中心波长（1120纳米）的光纤布拉格光栅，结合31米长的保持线性偏振的（Polarization Maintaining, PM）被动光纤作为拉曼增益介质。驱动光源是一个自行开发的高功率、线性极化的（Linearly Polarized, LP）波长可调的主振荡器功率放大器（Master Oscillator Power Amplifier, MOPA）系统，其调谐范围约为25纳米。实验的目的是为了理解和控制在高功率操作条件下，由于Raman散射效应可能导致的频率漂移问题。Raman效应是指在光纤中，当泵浦光与介质相互作用时，部分光能被转换成新的光谱线，这些新线通常分布在泵浦光的两侧，导致了激光频率的微小变化。在高功率激光系统中，这种频率漂移可能对激光性能产生负面影响，如光束质量下降、输出功率波动等。通过精心设计的实验配置，研究者们能够有效地测量并分析这种极端频率位移的发生机制及其对激光稳定性的潜在影响。他们可能探讨了不同泵浦功率、光纤长度和温度等因素如何影响Raman效应的强度，以及如何通过优化系统参数来最小化这种频率漂移。此外，文章还可能包括了对现有理论模型的验证或改进，以及针对实际应用可能提出的一些解决方案和建议，例如使用新型材料或结构设计来减缓频率漂移。该研究发表于《高功率激光科学与工程》（HighPower Laser Science and Engineering）2018年第六卷，第28篇文章，共7页。文章强调了开放获取许可，允许在遵循Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 许可协议下无限制地使用、分发和复制，只要原文得到恰当引用。通过这篇研究，读者可以了解到关于高功率拉曼光纤激光系统的关键技术挑战和解决策略，对于从事光纤激光技术、光通信和光学工程领域的研究人员具有重要参考价值。

High Power Laser Science and Engineering, (2018), Vol. 6, e28, 7 pages.

licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

doi:10.1017/hpl.2018.22

Investigation on extreme frequency shift in silica

ﬁber-based high-power Raman ﬁber laser

Jiaxin Song, Hanshuo Wu, Jun Ye, Hanwei Zhang, Jiangming Xu, Pu Zhou, and Zejin Liu

College of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

(Received 29 January 2018; revised 9 March 2018; accepted 19 March 2018)

Abstract

In this paper, we experimentally investigated the extreme frequency shift in high-power Raman ﬁber laser (RFL). The

RFL was developed by using a pair of ﬁber Bragg gratings with ﬁxed and matched central wavelength (1120 nm)

combined with a piece of 31-m-long polarization maintaining (PM) passive ﬁber adopted as Raman gain medium.

The pump source was a homemade high-power, linearly polarized (LP) wavelength-tunable master oscillator power

ampliﬁer (MOPA) source with ∼25 nm tunable working range (1055–1080 nm). High-power and high-efﬁciency RFL

with extreme frequency shift between the pump and Stokes light was explored. It is found that frequency shift located

within 10.6 THz and 15.2 THz can ensure efﬁcient Raman lasing, where the conversion efﬁciency is more than 95% of

the maximal value, 71.3%. In addition, a maximum output power of 147.1 W was obtained with an optical efﬁciency of

71.3%, which is the highest power ever reported in LP RFLs to the best of our knowledge.

Keywords: linearly polarized laser; Raman ﬁber laser; Raman gain spectrum

1. Introduction

Raman ﬁber laser (RFL) can theoretically achieve emission

at almost arbitrary wavelength with the help of proper

pump wavelength

[1]

; thus, the emission range of RFL is

much broader than lasers based on rare earth-doped ﬁbers.

Therefore, RFL has been explored to achieve high-power

output at specialized wavelengths

[2–10]

, which are rather

challenging for lasing or amplifying efﬁciently by rare earth-

doped ﬁbers

[11–13]

. To date, high-power RFLs have been

widely investigated and applied in optical pumping, fre-

quency conversion, optical communications, biology and

scientiﬁc research

[14–22]

. It is well known that the Raman

gain in silica ﬁbers extends over a large frequency range up

to 40 THz

[23]

. In general, the frequency shift between pump

wavelength and Raman wavelength is approximately 13.2

or 14.7 THz corresponding to the double-peak structure of

Raman gain spectrum for silica ﬁber

[23, 24]

. The frequency

shift between the pump light and target Raman light is

usually designed to be well matched to fulﬁll the peaks

of Raman gain spectrum. For example, hundred-watt-level

high-power RFLs operating at 1120 nm and 1150 nm were

demonstrated by using 1070 nm and 1090 nm ﬁber lasers as

pump sources, respectively

[3, 17]

. It is to be noted that, for ap-

Correspondence to: P. Zhou, College of Optoelectronic Science and

Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, No. 109 Deya

Road, Changsha 410073, China. Email: zhoupu203@163.com

plication that requires RFLs with some speciﬁc wavelengths,

it is usually not easy to obtain high-power pump source. The

central wavelength of the pump source should match well

with a 13.2 THz frequency shift compared with the output

wavelength of RFL. For example, single mode 1178 nm

RFL, which can be used for frequency doubling to the

yellow, is often pumped by 1120 nm ﬁber laser. However, it

is relatively difﬁcult to achieve high-power lasing at 1120 nm

based on Yb-doped ﬁber because of smaller net gain

[25–27]

compared with shorter wavelength

[28, 29]

. Therefore, it is

interesting to explore the feasibility of generating high-

power 1178 nm by pumping with a powerful Yb-doped ﬁber

laser (YDFL) operating at ∼1110 nm (or even shorter wave-

length) corresponding to the frequency shift of ∼15.6 THz,

which has a signiﬁcant difference compared with 13.2 THz.

In fact, efﬁcient lasing from a ﬁber Raman oscillator by fully

exploring the broadband gain spectrum was studied as early

as in 1977

[30, 31]

. In the visible band, tunable Raman oscilla-

tor pumped by a 4 W argon ion laser at 514.5 nm was tuned

over 8 nm using a prism, which corresponds to the frequency

shift from 6.2 to 14.9 THz. In the infrared band, Stokes

oscillation tuning from 1085 to 1130 nm corresponding to

the frequency shift of 5.5 to 16.5 THz was obtained pumped

by a 5 W Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm. In 2008, Belanger

et al. demonstrated a widely tunable RFL, the frequency

shift of which ranged from 2.9 to 17.6 THz

[32]

. Almost

constant output Stokes power, up to 5.0 W, was obtained

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