ESXi 4.0 安装与 vCenter Server 4.0 完整指南

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"《VSP_40_ESXi_i_VC_Setup_Guide》是一份详细的安装指南，针对的是ESXi 4.0和vCenter Server 4.0。这份文档由 VMware, Inc. 提供，旨在帮助用户在安装和配置过程中顺利进行。它包含了最新的技术文档和产品更新信息，可以通过 VMware 的官方网站获取：<http://www.vmware.com/support/>。该文档强调了版权信息，指出所有内容受美国和国际版权法以及知识产权保护。VMware、VMware的标志性元素如"boxes" logo、Virtual SMP 和 VMotion 是 VMware 在美国和其他司法管辖区的注册商标。其他提及的商标均为各自公司的财产。本书的主体部分包括了如下内容： 1. 更新信息：这部分提供最新版本的指南，确保读者获得最准确的信息。 2. 关于本指南：介绍了手册的目的和目标读者，引导读者了解如何有效利用这份文档进行ESXi 4.0的安装与vCenter Server 4.0的设置。 3. 关于ESXi：这部分深入阐述了ESXi的重要性，它是vSphere平台的核心组件，提供了虚拟化基础设施的基础。 4. 系统要求：明确了安装ESXi和vCenter Server所需的硬件和软件环境，确保用户选择兼容的配置。 5. ESXi安装：详述了安装过程，可能涵盖从介质准备到配置步骤，包括安装选项、网络设置等关键环节。 6. vCenter Server设置：指南可能涵盖了vCenter Server的安装、配置管理、与ESXi集群的集成，以及安全管理等内容。通过阅读这份指南，用户可以了解如何在企业环境中部署和管理VMware vSphere 4.0解决方案，以实现高效的虚拟化管理和资源优化。在遇到问题时，文档还提供了反馈渠道，用户可以直接将意见或建议提交至docfeedback@vmware.com。这是一份为IT专业人士量身定制的实用指南，有助于提升在vSphere平台上的操作效率。"

vSphere Client 4.0

vSphere Host Update Utility 4.0

You must also have 400MB free on the drive that has your %temp% directory.

If all of the prerequisites are already installed, 300MB of free space is required on the drive that has your

%temp% directory, and 450MB is required for the vSphere Client 4.0.

Networking – Gigabit connection recommended.

32-Bit or 64-Bit Operating System for vCenter Server

When you have up to 200 hosts, you can use a 32-bit Windows operating system, but a 64-bit Windows

operating system is preferred. When you have 200-300 hosts, a 64-bit Windows operating system is required.

Recommendations for Optimal Performance

Depending on the number of ESX hosts and virtual machines in your environment, the following system

requirements should be used as guidelines for optimal performance.

IMPORTANT The recommended disk sizes assume default log levels. If you configure more granular log levels,

more disk space is required.

Table 2-1 summarizes the requirements for a medium deployment.

Table 2-1. Up to 50 Hosts and 250 Powered-On Virtual Machines

Product CPU Memory Disk

vCenter Server 2 4GB 3GB

vSphere Client 1 200MB 1GB

Table 2-2 summarizes the requirements for a large deployment.

Table 2-2. Up to 200 Hosts and 2000 Powered-On Virtual Machines

Product CPU Memory Disk

vCenter Server 4 4GB 3GB

vSphere Client 1 500MB 1GB

Table 2-3 summarizes the requirements for an extra-large deployment.

vCenter Server must be hosted on a 64-bit Windows operating system for this configuration.

Table 2-3. Up to 300 Hosts and 3000 Powered-On Virtual Machines

Product CPU Memory Disk

vCenter Server 4 8GB 3GB

vSphere Client 1 500MB 1GB

ESXi Installable and vCenter Server Setup Guide

16 VMware, Inc.

Requirements for Installing vCenter Server on a Custom Drive

If you install vCenter Server on the E:\ drive or on any custom drive, note the following space requirements:

601MB on the custom drive for vCenter Server

1.13GB on the C:\ drive for Microsoft .NET 3.0 SP1, Microsoft ADAM, Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Express

(optional), and Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable

375MB for the custom drive %temp% directory

vCenter Server Software Requirements

Make sure that your operating system supports vCenter Server.

See the Compatibility Matrixes on the VMware vSphere documentation Web site.

vSphere Client Software Requirements

Make sure that your operating system supports the vSphere Client.

The vSphere Client requires the Microsoft .NET 3.0 SP1 Framework. If your system does not have it installed,

the vSphere Client installer installs it.

For a list of supported operating systems, see the Compatibility Matrixes on the VMware vSphere documentation

Web site.

Support for 64-Bit Guest Operating Systems

ESX offers support for several 64-bit guest operating systems.

See the Guest Operating System Installation Guide for a complete list.

64-bit guest operating systems have specific hardware requirements:

For AMD Opteron-based systems, the processors must be Opteron Rev E and later.

For Intel Xeon-based systems, the processors must include support for Intel Virtualization Technology

(VT). Many servers that include CPUs with VT support might ship with VT disabled by default, so you

must enable VT manually. If your CPUs support VT but you do not see this option in the BIOS, contact

your vendor to request a BIOS version that lets you enable VT support.

To determine whether your server has 64-bit VMware support, you can download the CPU Identification

Utility at the VMware downloads page: http://www.vmware.com/download/shared_utilities.html.

Requirements for Creating Virtual Machines

To create a virtual machine, the ESX/ESXi host must be able to support a virtual process, a virtual chip set, and

a virtual BIOS.

Each ESX/ESXi machine has the requirements shown in Table 2-4.

Chapter 2 System Requirements

VMware, Inc. 17

Table 2-4. Requirements for Creating Virtual Machines

Component Requirements

Virtual processor One, two, or four processors per virtual machine

NOTE If you create a two-processor virtual machine, your ESXi machine must have

at least two physical processors. For a four-processor virtual machine, your ESXi

machine must have at least four physical processors.

Virtual chip set Intel 440BX-based motherboard with NS338 SIO chip

Virtual BIOS PhoenixBIOS 4.0 Release 6

Required Ports

vCenter Server requires certain ports to send and receive data.

The vCenter Server system must be able to send data to every managed host and receive data from every

vSphere Client. To enable migration and provisioning activities between managed hosts, the source and

destination hosts must be able to receive data from each other.

VMware uses designated ports for communication. Additionally, the managed hosts are listening for data from

the vCenter Server system on designated ports. If a firewall exists between any of these elements and Windows

firewall service is in use, the installer opens the ports during the installation. For custom firewalls, you must

manually open the required ports. If you have a firewall between two managed hosts and you want to perform

source or target activities, such as migration or cloning, you must configure a means for the managed hosts to

receive data.

NOTE In Microsoft Windows 2008, a firewall is enabled by default.

Table 2-5 lists the default ports that are required for communication between components.

Table 2-5. Required Ports

Port Description

80 vCenter Server requires port 80 for direct HTTP connections. Port 80 redirects requests to HTTPS port

443. This is useful if you accidentally use http://server instead of https://server.

389 This port must be open on the local and all remote instances of vCenter Server. This is the LDAP port

number for the Directory Services for the vCenter Server group. The vCenter Server system needs to

bind to port 389, even if you are not joining this vCenter Server instance to a Linked Mode group. If

another service is running on this port, it might be preferable to remove it or change its port to different

port. If needed, you can run the LDAP service on any port from 1025 through 65535.

If this instance is serving as the Microsoft Windows Active Directory, change the port number from 389

to an available port from 1025 through 65535.

443 The default port that the vCenter Server system uses to listen for connections from the vSphere Client.

To enable the vCenter Server system to receive data from the vSphere Client, open port 443 in the

firewall.

The vCenter Server system also uses port 443 to listen for data transfer from the vSphere Web Access

Client and other SDK clients.

If you use another port number for HTTPS, you must use <ip-address>:<port> when you log in to the

vCenter Server system.

636 For vCenter Linked Mode, this is the SSL port of the local instance. If another service is running on this

port, it might be preferable to remove it or change its port to different port. If needed, you can run the

SSL service on any port from 1025 through 65535.

902 The default port that the vCenter Server system uses to send data to managed hosts. Managed hosts

also send a regular heartbeat over UDP port 902 to the vCenter Server system. This port must not be

blocked by firewalls between the server and the hosts, or between hosts.

902/903 Ports 902 and 903 must not be blocked between the vSphere Client and the hosts. These ports are used

by the vSphere Client to display virtual machine consoles.

ESXi Installable and vCenter Server Setup Guide

18 VMware, Inc.

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