深入掌握OpenSSL X509与PKCS7的加密技术文档

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资源摘要信息:"openssl文档_openssl_x509" openssl是一个开源的软件包,它实现了安全套接字层(SSL)协议以及传输层安全性协议(TLS),还提供了用于加密、解密、签名和验证等多种功能的命令行工具和编程库。openssl广泛应用于互联网通信安全领域,是构建加密通信和加密存储的基石。 openssl文档包含多个系列,其中与本标题相关的主题包括: 1. X509系列 X509是互联网通信中常用的证书格式,它基于公钥基础设施(PKI)原则,用于身份验证和加密通信。X509证书包含了公钥和身份信息,通常由权威的证书颁发机构(CA)签发。openssl提供了生成自签名证书、请求证书以及管理证书的功能。 openssl之X509系列文档主要涵盖了以下几个方面的知识点: - X509证书的结构与组成部分,如证书的主题信息、有效期、公钥等。 - 如何使用openssl命令行工具生成X509证书请求(CSR)和自签名证书。 - X509证书的扩展项,例如基本约束、密钥用途、策略信息等。 - X509证书链的验证过程,以及如何使用openssl验证证书的有效性和CA签名。 - 证书撤销列表(CRL)和在线证书状态协议(OCSP)的使用和管理。 - 交叉证书和证书吊销的高级主题。 2. PKCS7系列 PKCS#7是由RSA实验室提出的公钥加密标准之一,主要定义了数字信封(包括加密的数据、加密算法、密钥等信息)的格式和签名数据的结构。openssl对PKCS#7的支持允许开发者构建包含数字信封和数字签名的数据包。 openssl之PKCS7系列文档可能包含以下内容: - PKCS#7数据格式的详细说明。 - 如何使用openssl生成数字信封和数字签名。 - 如何对PKCS#7格式的数据包进行加密和解密操作。 - PKCS#7在证书处理和安全通信中的实际应用场景。 3. BIO系列 BIO是openssl库中用于处理输入输出的一个抽象层。BIO提供了统一的接口来处理不同类型的输入输出,例如文件、网络连接以及内存缓冲区。BIO支持加密、解密和压缩等操作,允许开发者在不改变现有代码逻辑的情况下,实现多种I/O操作。 openssl之BIO系列文档涵盖了以下知识点: - BIO抽象层的工作原理和基本用法。 - 不同类型BIO的创建和配置方法,例如文件BIO、内存BIO、SSL BIO等。 - 如何使用BIO进行加密和解密操作,实现安全的数据传输。 - BIO的过滤器机制,以及如何使用过滤器对数据流进行处理,例如Base64编码、消息摘要等。 - BIO在具体应用中的使用案例和问题解决方法。 4. 使用_OpenSSL_API_进行安全编程 这部分内容主要面向使用openssl库进行安全相关编程的开发者,提供API级别的使用指南和示例代码,帮助开发者更好地理解和运用openssl库的接口。 使用_OpenSSL_API_进行安全编程文档可能包含以下内容: - openssl库的基础结构和核心API介绍。 - 如何在应用程序中集成openssl库,并进行初始化和清理操作。 - 具体API的使用方法,如加密解密API、密钥生成和管理API、证书操作API等。 - 错误处理和调试openssl程序时的技巧和建议。 - openssl库的安全性和性能优化方法。 5. 第九章_openssl签名和验证 此部分内容可能来自于一本综合性的openssl教材或使用手册,专门探讨了openssl在签名和验证方面的功能和应用。 第九章_openssl签名和验证文档可能涉及的知识点包括: - openssl的签名和验证机制原理。 - 如何使用openssl命令行工具进行数字签名的生成和签名的验证。 - 在编程中如何使用openssl API来实现签名和验证功能。 - 消息摘要算法(如MD5、SHA1、SHA256等)在签名过程中的应用。 - 使用公钥和私钥进行非对称加密的实际操作和注意事项。 综合以上资源,openssl文档_openssl_x509系列为开发者提供了深入理解和应用openssl在X509证书、PKCS7格式、BIO抽象层以及签名验证方面的知识。这些内容不仅涉及理论知识,还包括具体的实践操作和案例分析,是进行安全通信和加密存储开发时不可或缺的参考资料。
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第一章 基础知识.....................................................................................................................10 1.1 对称算法.....................................................................................................................10 1.2 摘要算法.....................................................................................................................10 1.3 公钥算法.....................................................................................................................11 1.4 回调函数.....................................................................................................................13 第二章 openssl 简介................................................................................................................15 2.1 openssl 简介................................................................................................................15 2.2 openssl 安装................................................................................................................15 2.2.1 linux 下的安装................................................................................................15 2.2.2 windows 编译与安装.....................................................................................15 2.3 openssl 源代码............................................................................................................16 2.4 openssl 学习方法........................................................................................................18 第三章 堆栈.............................................................................................................................19 3.1 openssl 堆栈................................................................................................................19 3.2 数据结构.....................................................................................................................19 3.3 源码.............................................................................................................................19 3.4 定义用户自己的堆栈函数.........................................................................................20 3.5 编程示例.....................................................................................................................21 第四章 哈希表.........................................................................................................................23 4.1 哈希表.........................................................................................................................23 4.2 哈希表数据结构.........................................................................................................23 4.3 函数说明.....................................................................................................................24 4.4 编程示例.....................................................................................................................26 第五章 内存分配.....................................................................................................................29 5.1 openssl 内存分配........................................................................................................29 5.2 内存数据结构.............................................................................................................29 5.3 主要函数.....................................................................................................................30 5.4 编程示例.....................................................................................................................30 第六章 动态模块加载.............................................................................................................32 6.1 动态库加载.................................................................................................................32 6.2 DSO 概述....................................................................................................................32 6.3 数据结构.....................................................................................................................32 6.4 编程示例.....................................................................................................................33 第七章 抽象IO .......................................................................................................................36 7.1 openssl 抽象IO ..........................................................................................................36 7.2 数据结构.....................................................................................................................36 7.3 BIO 函数....................................................................................................................37 7.4 编程示例.....................................................................................................................38 7.4.1 mem bio...........................................................................................................38 7.4.2 file bio .............................................................................................................38 7.4.3 socket bio ........................................................................................................39 7.4.4 md BIO............................................................................................................41 7.4.5 cipher BIO.......................................................................................................41 7.4.6 ssl BIO.............................................................................................................42 5 7.4.7 其他示例.........................................................................................................44 第八章 配置文件.....................................................................................................................45 8.1 概述.............................................................................................................................45 8.2 openssl 配置文件读取................................................................................................45 8.3 主要函数.....................................................................................................................45 8.4 编程示例.....................................................................................................................46 第九章 随机数.........................................................................................................................48 9.1 随机数.........................................................................................................................48 9.2 openssl 随机数数据结构与源码................................................................................48 9.3 主要函数.....................................................................................................................49 9.4 编程示例.....................................................................................................................50 第十章 文本数据库.................................................................................................................52 10.1 概述.........................................................................................................................52 10.2 数据结构.................................................................................................................52 10.3 函数说明.................................................................................................................53 10.4 编程示例.................................................................................................................53 第十一章 大数.........................................................................................................................56 11.1 介绍.............................................................................................................................56 11.2 openssl 大数表示........................................................................................................56 11.3 大数函数.....................................................................................................................56 11.4 使用示例.....................................................................................................................59 第十二章 BASE64 编解码.....................................................................................................66 12.1 BASE64 编码介绍.....................................................................................................66 12.2 BASE64 编解码原理..................................................................................................66 12.3 主要函数.................................................................................................................67 12.4 编程示例.................................................................................................................67 第十三章 ASN1 库..................................................................................................................70 13.1 ASN1 简介..................................................................................................................70 13.2 DER 编码....................................................................................................................71 13.3 ASN1 基本类型示例..................................................................................................71 13.4 openssl 的ASN.1 库..................................................................................................74 13.5 用openssl 的ASN.1 库DER 编解码....................................................................75 13.6 Openssl 的ASN.1 宏..................................................................................................76 13.7 ASN1 常用函数..........................................................................................................77 13.8 属性证书编码...........................................................................................................90 第十四章 错误处理.................................................................................................................95 14.1 概述.........................................................................................................................95 14.2 数据结构.................................................................................................................95 14.3 主要函数.................................................................................................................97 14.4 编程示例.................................................................................................................99 第十五章 摘要与HMAC......................................................................................................102 15.1 概述.......................................................................................................................102 15.2 openssl 摘要实现......................................................................................................102 15.3 函数说明...............................................................................................................102 6 15.4 编程示例...............................................................................................................103 15.5 HMAC.......................................................................................................................104 第十六章 数据压缩...............................................................................................................106 16.1 简介.......................................................................................................................106 16.2 数据结构...............................................................................................................106 16.3 函数说明...............................................................................................................107 16.4 openssl 中压缩算法协商..........................................................................................107 16.5 编程示例...............................................................................................................108 第十七章 RSA.......................................................................................................................109 17.1 RSA 介绍...................................................................................................................109 17.2 openssl 的RSA 实现................................................................................................109 17.3 RSA 签名与验证过程..............................................................................................110 17.4 数据结构...............................................................................................................110 17.4.1 RSA_METHOD.................................................................................................110 17.4.2 RSA............................................................................................................... 111 17.5 主要函数...............................................................................................................112 17.6 编程示例.......................................................................................................................113 17.6.1 密钥生成............................................................................................................113 17.6.2 RSA 加解密运算..........................................................................................115 17.6.3 签名与验证........................................................................................................118 第十八章 DSA.......................................................................................................................121 18.1 DSA 简介..............................................................................................................121 18.2 openssl 的DSA 实现................................................................................................121 18.3 DSA 数据结构..........................................................................................................122 18.4 主要函数...............................................................................................................123 18.5 编程示例...............................................................................................................124 18.5.1 密钥生成............................................................................................................124 18.5.2 签名与验证........................................................................................................125 第十九章DH...............................................................................................................................128 19.1 DH 算法介绍............................................................................................................128 19.2 openssl 的DH 实现..................................................................................................128 19.3 数据结构.......................................................................................................................129 19.4 主要函数...............................................................................................................130 19.5 编程示例...............................................................................................................131 第二十章 椭圆曲线...............................................................................................................134 20.1 ECC 介绍..................................................................................................................134 20.2 openssl 的ECC 实现................................................................................................134 20.3 主要函数...............................................................................................................135 20.4 编程示例...............................................................................................................135 第二十一章 EVP...................................................................................................................139 21.1 EVP 简介......................................................................................................................139 21.2 数据结构......................................................................................................................139 21.2.1 EVP_PKEY...................................................................................................139 21.2.2 EVP_MD.......................................................................................................140 7 21.2.3 EVP_CIPHER...............................................................................................141 21.2.4 EVP_CIPHER_CTX.....................................................................................142 21.3 源码结构......................................................................................................................142 21.4 摘要函数......................................................................................................................143 21.5 对称加解密函数..........................................................................................................143 21.6 非对称函数..................................................................................................................144 21.7 BASE64 编解码函数................................................................................................145 21.8 其他函数.......................................................................................................................145 21.9 对称加密过程............................................................................................................147 21.10 编程示例...............................................................................................................148 第二十二章 PEM 格式.........................................................................................................155 22.1 PEM 概述.................................................................................................................155 22.2 openssl 的PEM 实现................................................................................................155 22.3 PEM 函数.................................................................................................................156 22.4 编程示例...............................................................................................................157 第二十三章 Engine ...............................................................................................................161 23.1 Engine 概述..............................................................................................................161 23.2 Engine 支持的原理..................................................................................................161 23.3 Engine 数据结构......................................................................................................161 23.4 openssl 的Engine 源码...........................................................................................162 23.5 Engine 函数..............................................................................................................163 23.6 实现Engine 示例.................................................................................................164 第二十四章 通用数据结构...................................................................................................178 24.1 通用数据结构...............................................................................................................178 24.2 X509_ALGOR..........................................................................................................178 24.3 X509_VAL................................................................................................................179 24.4 X509_SIG .................................................................................................................181 24.5 X509_NAME_ENTRY.............................................................................................182 24.6 X509_NAME............................................................................................................182 24.7 X509_EXTENSION .................................................................................................188 24.8 X509_ATTRIBUTE..................................................................................................194 24.9 GENERAL_NAME ..................................................................................................195 第二十五章 证书申请...........................................................................................................199 25.1 证书申请介绍.......................................................................................................199 25.2 数据结构...............................................................................................................199 25.3 主要函数...............................................................................................................200 25.4 编程示例...............................................................................................................202 25.4.1 生成证书请求文件............................................................................................202 25.4.2 解码证书请求文件.......................................................................................204 第二十六章 X509 数字证书.................................................................................................206 26.1 X509 数字证书.........................................................................................................206 26.2 opessl 实现................................................................................................................206 26.3 X509 数据结构.........................................................................................................206 26.4 X509_TRUST 与X509_CERT_AUX......................................................................209 8 26.5 X509_PURPOSE ......................................................................................................211 26.6 主要函数...............................................................................................................214 26.7 证书验证...............................................................................................................217 26.7.1 证书验证项........................................................................................................217 26.7.2 Openssl 中的证书验证.................................................................................217 第二十七章 OCSP.................................................................................................................218 27.1 概述.......................................................................................................................218 27.2 openssl 实现..............................................................................................................218 27.3 主要函数...............................................................................................................218 27.4 编程示例.......................................................................................................................223 第二十八章 CRL...................................................................................................................224 28.1 CRL 介绍..................................................................................................................224 28.2 数据结构...............................................................................................................224 28.3 CRL 函数..................................................................................................................225 28.4 编程示例...............................................................................................................226 第二十九章 PKCS7...............................................................................................................229 29.1 概述...............................................................................................................................229 29.2 数据结构...............................................................................................................229 29.3 函数.......................................................................................................................230 29.4 消息编解码.............................................................................................................230 29.4.1 data ..............................................................................................................231 29.4.2 signed data...................................................................................................231 29.4.3 enveloped ....................................................................................................232 29.4.4 signed_and_enveloped ................................................................................233 29.4.5 digest ...........................................................................................................234 29.4.6 encrypted.....................................................................................................234 29.4.7 读取PEM .....................................................................................................235 29.4.8 解码pkcs7 ....................................................................................................236 第三十章 PKCS12...............................................................................................................237 30.1 概述.......................................................................................................................237 30.2 openss 实现...............................................................................................................237 30.3 数据结构.......................................................................................................................237 30.4 函数...............................................................................................................................238 30.5 编程示例...............................................................................................................240 第三十一章 SSL 实现...........................................................................................................250 31.1 概述...............................................................................................................................250 31.2 openssl 实现..............................................................................................................250 31.3 建立SSL 测试环境..............................................................................................250 31.4 数据结构...............................................................................................................251 31.5 加密套件...............................................................................................................252 31.6 密钥信息...............................................................................................................253 31.7 SESSION ..................................................................................................................253 31.8 多线程支持...........................................................................................................254 31.9 编程示例...............................................................................................................254 9 31.10 函数.......................................................................................................................265 第三十二章 Openssl 命令.....................................................................................................268 32.1 概述...............................................................................................................................268 32.2 asn1parse...................................................................................................................268 32.3 dgst...........................................................................................................................270 32.4 gendh.........................................................................................................................271 32.5 passwd.......................................................................................................................271 32.6 rand ...........................................................................................................................272 32.7 genrsa ........................................................................................................................273 32.8 req .............................................................................................................................273 32.9 x509...........................................................................................................................276 32.10 version...................................................................................................................279 32.11 speed......................................................................................................................279 32.12 sess_id .................................................................................................................280 32.13 s_server ...............................................................................................................280 32.14 s_client ................................................................................................................282 32.15 rsa........................................................................................................................284 32.16 pkcs7 ...................................................................................................................285 32.17 dsaparam .............................................................................................................285 32.18 gendsa..................................................................................................................286 32.19 enc .......................................................................................................................287 32.20 ciphers .................................................................................................................288 32.21 CA.......................................................................................................................288 32.22 verify ...................................................................................................................292 32.23 rsatul....................................................................................................................293 32.24 crl ..........................................................................................................................294 32.25 crl2pkcs7 ...........................................................................................................295 32.26 errstr ..................................................................................................................296 32.27 ocsp .............................................................................................................................296 32.28 pkcs12 .................................................................................................................299 32.29 pkcs8 ...................................................................................................................301 32.30 s_time ..................................................................................................................302 32.31 dhparam 和dh.............................................................................................................303 32.32 ecparam.................................................................................................................305 32.33 ec .........................................................................................................................306 32.34 dsa .......................................................................................................................307 32.35 nseq .....................................................................................................................308 32.36 prime ...................................................................................................................308 32.37 smime ..................................................................................................................309