3 Gb/s串行接口的源图像格式与辅助数据映射标准(SMPTE.ST425-1.2011)

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SMPTE.ST425-1.2011标准专注于"3 Gb/s串行接口上的源图像格式和辅助数据映射"。该文档定义了如何将不同的源图像格式与一个运行在3吉比特每秒速率的单一链接的串行数字接口相匹配。该标准由美国电影电视工程师学会(Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, SMPTE)发布，版权日期为2011年，旨在确保视频信号的高效传输和一致性。标准的四个主要级别（Level A、Level B）详细规定了图像数据的映射策略： 1. **Level A - 直接映射**（4.1 20位虚拟接口）: 这部分定义了20位虚拟接口，其中包含源图像数据的直接转换，没有复杂的编码或压缩步骤，适用于对实时性能要求高的应用。 2. **Level B - SMPTE ST372双链路映射** (5.1): 当需要更高的带宽效率时，ST372双链路技术被引入，通过分担数据流在两个独立的物理链路上，以支持高分辨率和多通道视频传输。 3. **Level B - 2x SMPTE ST292-1 (HD-SDI)双流映射** (6.1): 这部分扩展了双链路技术，适用于高清-SDI（High Definition Serial Digital Interface）格式，支持双流传输，以适应高清晰度视频内容的传输需求。 4. **各级别操作概述（Informative）**：标准还包括对各个级别的操作级别进行解释，帮助用户理解不同映射方案在实际应用中的行为和限制。此外，标准还提供了两个附录： - Annex A: 参考文献，为理解和实施标准提供额外的技术背景和引用资料。 - Annex B: 比较Level A和Level B映射方法，以便用户选择最适合他们应用场景的方案。 - Annex C: 对Level A直接映射中32通道音频多路复用限制的详细解释。 - Annex D: 提供SMPTE ST425-1文档路线图，展示了数据流组织的层级结构，便于理解和跟踪文档内容的更新和发展。 SMPTE.ST425-1.2011是视频接口设计者和系统集成者的重要参考，确保了高质量、高速率的视频信号在3 Gb/s串行接口上的可靠传输，适用于专业影视制作、广播和广电行业的通信系统。

SMPTE ST 425-1:2011

Page 6 of 32 pages

ST 428-9

2048 x

1080

4:4:4 (X

'Y'Z')/12-bit

24 Frames Progressive Progressive

24 Frames PsF PsF

ST 428-19

2048 x

1080

4:4:4 (X

'Y'Z')/12-bit

25 and 30Frames Progressive Progressive

25 and 30Frames PsF PsF

ST 274 1920 x 1080

4:2:2 (Y'C'

)/12-bit

60, 60/1.001 and 50 Fields

Interlaced

30, 30/1.001, 25, 24 and

24/1.001 Frames Progressive

Progressive

30, 30/1.001, 25, 24 and

24/1.001 Frames PsF

PsF

ST 2048-2

2048 x

1080

4:2:2 (Y

'C'

)/12-bit

4:2:2:4 (Y’C’

C’

+A)/12-bit

30, 30/1.001, 25, 24 and

24/1.001 Frames Progressive

Progressive

30, 30/1.001, 25, 24 and

24/1.001 Frames PsF

PsF

*1 PsF structure as defined in SMPTE ST 274.

*2 PsF structure as defined in SMPTE ST 428-9.

*3 PsF structure as defined in SMPTE ST 428-19.

*4 Definition of the A channel is application dependent for mapping of these 10-bit signal structures:

– when used for non-picture data, the data words shall be 8-bit maximum, B8 is even parity for B7

through B0, and B9 is the complement of B8.

– when used for picture data, code words 000h to 003h and 3FCh to 3FFh shall be used exclusively

for synchronization.

*5 This is the image container size, the active image may not fill the container.

*6 This is the maximum pixel array, the active image may not fill the maximum array.

*7 In this image format R'G'B' indicates either R'G'B' or R'

*8 Definition of the A channel is application dependent for mapping of this 12-bit signal structure:

– when used for non-picture data, the data words shall be 8-bit maximum, B10 is even parity for data

word B9 through B2, B11 is the complement of B10, and B1 through B0 are zero.

– when used for picture data, the raster format and frame rate shall be the same as the Y' signal

carried on the virtual interface.

4.1 20-Bit Virtual Interface

R', G', B',/ Y', C'

, C'

,/ X', Y', Z' and A components shall be mapped into a virtual interface consisting of two

parallel 10-bit data streams – data stream one and data stream two, as shown in Figures 1 through 4.

Each data stream shall have an interface frequency of 148.5 MHz or 148.5/1.001 MHz.

Mapping of the data created by the signal format, sampling structure and pixel depth shall be in accordance

with § 4.2.1 through § 4.2.4 of this standard.

4.1.1 Timing Reference Signals

EAV (End of Active Video) and SAV (Start of Active Video) timing references shall be inserted into data

stream one and data stream two of the virtual interface on a line-by-line basis as shown in Figures 1 through

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SMPTE ST 425-1:2011

Page 7 of 32 pages

The EAV and SAV sequence, F (field/ frame), V (vertical), H (horizontal) and parity bits P3 through P1 shall

be as defined in the source image formatting document.

Mapping of the timing reference signals into the virtual interface shall be in accordance with § 4.2.1 through

§ 4.2.4 of this standard.

4.1.2 Line Numbers

Line numbers shall be inserted into data stream one and data stream two of the virtual interface starting at the

first data word (of the virtual interface) following the EAV XYZ word, as shown in Figures 1 through 4.

For Progressive and Interlaced structures, the interface line numbers shall be in accordance with the picture

source line numbers as defined in the source image formatting document. The exception to this rule applies

to the image formats of SMPTE ST 428-9 and SMPTE ST 428-19, for which the interface line numbers shall

be in accordance with the container frame structure.

Line number data are composed of two words, LN0 and LN1, and shall be as shown in Table 2.

Table 2 – Line Number Data

B9 (msb) B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 (lsb)

LN0

L6 L5 L4 L3 L2 L1 L0 Res Res

LN1

Res Res Res L10 L9 L8 L7 Res Res

Notes:

1 L10 : L0 = line number in binary code.

2 Res = reserved, set to “0” and shall be ignored by receivers.

4.1.3 Line CRC Codes

CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) codes shall be inserted into data stream one and data stream two of the

virtual interface starting at the first data word (of the virtual interface) following the final word of the line

number – LN1, as shown in Figures 1 through 4.

The CRC code words are used to detect errors in the active digital line, the EAV timing reference signal and

line number words that follow it. The error detection code consists of two words determined by the polynomial

generator equation:

CRC(X) = X

+ X

+ 1

The initial value of the CRC shall be zero. The calculation shall start at the first active line word of the

interface and shall end at the final word of the line number – LN1.

Independent CRC codes shall be produced for data stream one and data stream two of the virtual interface.

The two words of the CRC code shall be as shown in Table 3.

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