基于插值拟合的IVFC信号细胞计数方法应对基线漂移

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在生物医学研究领域,体内流式细胞术(In Vivo Flow Cytometry, IVFC)作为一种关键的技术,允许研究人员实时监测活体动物体内的目标细胞动态变化。然而,尽管IVFC系统的构建已经相当成熟,但一个普遍存在的挑战是基线漂移(baseline drift),这会对细胞计数的准确性产生显著影响。传统的方法,例如动态峰选择法,通常通过设定固定的阈值来识别细胞信号,但这忽视了基线漂移的影响,导致细胞计数结果的偏差。 本文由Xiaoling Wang、Yuanzhen Suo、Dan Wei、Hao He等人合作撰写,他们来自上海交通大学的Med-X研究 institute和生物医学工程学院,以及上海交通大学的船舶海洋与建筑工程学院。他们针对IVFC数据中的基线漂移问题,提出了一种新的细胞计数方法。这种方法利用插值拟合技术,能够动态地适应信号的变化,而不是简单地依赖静态阈值。通过自动分割和处理,该算法能够有效地捕捉到细胞信号的峰值,同时修正由于基线漂移引起的计数误差。 该方法首先对IVFC信号进行预处理,包括噪声滤波和基线平滑,以减少干扰因素。接着,采用数值插值的方法估计基线漂移的模型,这一步对于准确跟踪信号的动态变化至关重要。在插值过程中,算法会考虑到信号的时间连续性和趋势,从而更精确地定位细胞事件。然后,基于这些信息,算法能够实时更新阈值,确保在基线变动时也能正确识别细胞信号。 相比于传统的动态峰挑选法,这种新的细胞计数方法提高了计数的精度,尤其是在处理长时间或频繁基线漂移的情况下。这对于长期实验或疾病进展监控等研究来说,具有重要的实际应用价值。通过改进IVFC数据分析的鲁棒性,该研究有助于提升体内细胞动态监测研究的信度,从而推动生物医学领域的进一步发展。最后,该成果于2017年3月20日发表,为生物医学研究者提供了一种有效解决IVFC数据处理中基线漂移问题的新工具。

Robert is a famous engineer. One day he was given a task by his boss. The background of the task was the following: Given a map consisting of square blocks. There were three kinds of blocks: Wall, Grass, and Empty. His boss wanted to place as many robots as possible in the map. Each robot held a laser weapon which could shoot to four directions (north, east, south, west) simultaneously. A robot had to stay at the block where it was initially placed all the time and to keep firing all the time. The laser beams certainly could pass the grid of Grass, but could not pass the grid of Wall. A robot could only be placed in an Empty block. Surely the boss would not want to see one robot hurting another. In other words, two robots must not be placed in one line (horizontally or vertically) unless there is a Wall between them. Now that you are such a smart programmer and one of Robert's best friends, He is asking you to help him solving this problem. That is, given the description of a map, compute the maximum number of robots that can be placed in the map. Input The first line contains an integer T (<= 11) which is the number of test cases. For each test case, the first line contains two integers m and n (1<= m, n <=50) which are the row and column sizes of the map. Then m lines follow, each contains n characters of '#', '', or 'o' which represent Wall, Grass, and Empty, respectively. Output For each test case, first output the case number in one line, in the format: "Case :id" where id is the test case number, counting from 1. In the second line just output the maximum number of robots that can be placed in that map.

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