"大数据管理与数据库系统概论：DT时代的动力和应用"

14.1.1 What is Big Data: Big data refers to extremely large and complex datasets that cannot be effectively managed or analyzed using traditional data processing applications. These datasets are characterized by their volume, velocity, variety, and veracity. Big data is typically used to identify trends, patterns, and associations that can help organizations make better decisions and improve their operations. 14.1.2 Characteristics of Big Data: 1. Volume: Big data is characterized by its massive size, often ranging from terabytes to petabytes of data. This large volume of data poses challenges in terms of storage, processing, and analysis. 2. Velocity: Big data is generated at a high velocity, often in real-time or near-real-time. This rapid influx of data requires efficient processing systems to handle the speed at which data is generated and consumed. 3. Variety: Big data comes in a variety of formats, including structured data (e.g., databases), semi-structured data (e.g., XML), and unstructured data (e.g., text documents, images, videos). Managing and analyzing this diverse range of data sources can be complex. 4. Veracity: Veracity refers to the accuracy and reliability of big data. Due to the sheer volume and variety of data sources, ensuring the veracity of big data is a significant challenge. It is crucial to validate and clean the data to ensure its quality and trustworthiness. Overall, big data presents opportunities for organizations to gain valuable insights, improve decision-making processes, and drive innovation. However, effectively managing and analyzing big data requires specialized tools, technologies, and expertise in data management systems. By harnessing the power of big data, organizations can unlock new opportunities for growth and success in the digital age.