无水印FreeRTOS入门教程:微控制器实战指南

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《无水印 FreeRTOS入门手册》是一份高清完整版的学习资料,由Richard Barry撰写,专为微控制器设计,于2009年发布并受到版权保护,禁止任何形式的复制或发布。该手册的核心内容是介绍FREERTOS实时内核,一个开源且免费的嵌入式操作系统,特别适用于资源受限的微控制器环境。 文章作者Zou Changjun提到他选择翻译这份文档的原因是FreeRTOS的实用性、免费性以及FreeRTOS.net在中国的推广活动。他个人出于兴趣和学习目的进行翻译,并承诺在阅读过程中逐步完成中文版。然而,由于时间限制和个人疏忽,他并未翻译附录,且未对全文进行校对,因此可能存在错误。他鼓励读者在遇到问题时直接联系他。 第一章"任务管理"是手册的重要部分,它首先提供了一个概览,概述了在小型多任务嵌入式系统中如何使用FreeRTOS。这部分内容可能会涉及以下关键知识点: 1. **任务概念**:FreeRTOS的基本构建块是任务,它们是可执行的代码片段,可以在系统的CPU上并发运行,共同协作以完成特定功能。 2. **任务创建与启动**:讲解如何在FreeRTOS中创建新的任务,设置任务优先级,以及启动任务执行。 3. **任务调度**:阐述FreeRTOS的任务调度算法,如何根据任务优先级动态决定任务的执行顺序和时间片分配。 4. **任务同步与通信**:介绍任务间的同步机制,如互斥锁、条件变量等,以及任务之间的通信方式。 5. **任务阻塞与唤醒**:讨论任务在执行过程中可能遇到的阻塞情况,以及如何通过中断或其他手段唤醒等待的任务。 6. **任务生命周期管理**:包括任务的初始化、执行、暂停、挂起、删除等操作,以及任务堆栈的管理。 7. **异常处理**:对于微控制器系统,如何处理任务执行过程中的异常,确保系统稳定性。 通过深入理解这些内容,读者可以掌握如何在实际项目中有效地运用FreeRTOS来构建高效的嵌入式系统,实现真正的实时性能。同时,这也强调了在整个开发过程中,合理选择和配置FreeRTOS的功能对于系统性能和可靠性至关重要。
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中文的参考手册 内容 Contents5..................................................................................................................................................... 列表 Figures8............................................................................................................................................... 代码清单 Listings9....................................................................................................................................... Tables15 名单.............................................................................................................................................. 列表 Notation15........................................................................................................................................... 章节 1 关于这............................................................................................................................. Manual16 1.1Scope17............................................................................................................................................. 章节 2Task 和调度........................................................................................................................... API20 2.1 portSWITCH_TO_USER_MODE() 21.................................................................................. 2.2 vTaskAllocateMPURegions() 22........................................................................................... 2.3 xTaskAbortDelay() 25............................................................................................................. 2.4 xTaskCallApplicationTaskHook() 27.................................................................................... 2.5 xTaskCheckForTimeOut() 30................................................................................................ 2.6 xTaskCreate() 32..................................................................................................................... 2.7 xTaskCreateStatic() 37........................................................................................................... 2.8 xTaskCreateRestricted() 41................................................................................................... 2.9 vTaskDelay() 46....................................................................................................................... 2.10 vTaskDelayUntil() 48............................................................................................................... 2.11 vTaskDelete() 51..................................................................................................................... 2.12 taskDISABLE_INTERRUPTS() 53........................................................................................ 2.13 taskENABLE_INTERRUPTS() 55......................................................................................... 2.14 taskENTER_CRITICAL() 56.................................................................................................. 2.15 taskENTER_CRITICAL_FROM_ISR() 59........................................................................... 2.16 taskEXIT_CRITICAL() 61....................................................................................................... 2.1 taskEXIT_CRITICAL_FROM_ISR() 63................................................................................ 2.2 xTaskGetApplicationTaskTag() 65....................................................................................... 2.3 xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle() 67........................................................................................ 2.4 xTaskGetIdleTaskHandle() 68............................................................................................... 2.1 xTaskGetHandle() 69.............................................................................................................. 2.2 uxTaskGetNumberOfTasks() 71........................................................................................... 2.3 vTaskGetRunTimeStats() 72................................................................................................. 2.4 xTaskGetSchedulerState() 76...............................................................................................六 2.5 uxTaskGetStackHighWaterMark() 77.................................................................................. 2.6 eTaskGetState() 79................................................................................................................. 2.7 uxTaskGetSystemState() 81.................................................................................................. 2.8 vTaskGetTaskInfo() 85........................................................................................................... 2.9 pvTaskGetThreadLocalStoragePointer() 87.......................................................................7 2.10 pcTaskGetName() 89.............................................................................................................. 2.11 xTaskGetTickCount() 90........................................................................................................ 2.12 xTaskGetTickCountFromISR() 92........................................................................................ 2.13 vTaskList() 94........................................................................................................................... 2.14 xTaskNotify() 97....................................................................................................................... 2.15 xTaskNotifyAndQuery() 100.................................................................................................. 2.16 xTaskNotifyAndQueryFromISR() 104.................................................................................. 2.17 xTaskNotifyFromISR() 108.................................................................................................... 2.18 xTaskNotifyGive() 113............................................................................................................ 2.19 vTaskNotifyGiveFromISR() 116............................................................................................ 2.20 xTaskNotifyStateClear() 119.................................................................................................. 2.21 ulTask​ ​ NotifyTake() 121.................................................................................................. 2.22 xTaskNotifyWait() 124............................................................................................................ 2.23 uxTaskPriorityGet() 127.......................................................................................................... 2.24 vTaskPrioritySet() 129............................................................................................................ 2.25 vTaskResume() 131................................................................................................................ 2.26 xTaskResumeAll() 133........................................................................................................... 2.27 xTaskResumeFromISR() 136................................................................................................ 2.28 vTaskSetApplicationTaskTag() 139...................................................................................... 2.29 vTaskSetThreadLocalStoragePointer() 141........................................................................ 2.30 vTaskSetTimeOutState() 143................................................................................................ 2.31 vTaskStartScheduler() 145.................................................................................................... 2.32 vTaskStepTick() 147............................................................................................................... 2.33 vTaskSuspend() 149............................................................................................................... 2.34 vTaskSuspendAll() 151.......................................................................................................... 2.35 taskYIELD() 153...................................................................................................................... 章节 3Queue.................................................................................................................................. API155 3.1 vQueueAddToRegistry() 156................................................................................................. 3.2 xQueueAddToSet() 158.......................................................................................................... 3.3 xQueueCreate() 160............................................................................................................... 3.4 xQueueCreateSet() 162......................................................................................................... 3.5 xQueueCreateStatic() 166..................................................................................................... 3.6 vQueueDelete() 168................................................................................................................ 3.7 pcQueueGetName() 170........................................................................................................ 3.8 xQueueIsQueueEmptyFromISR() 171................................................................................. 3.9 xQueueIsQueueFullFromISR() 172...................................................................................... 3.10 uxQueueMessagesWaiting() 173.......................................................................................... 3.11 uxQueueMessagesWaitingFromISR() 174..........................................................................六 3.12 xQueueOverwrite() 176.......................................................................................................... 3.13 xQueueOverwriteFromISR() 178.......................................................................................... 3.14 xQueuePeek() 180.................................................................................................................. 3.15 xQueuePeekFromISR() 183.................................................................................................. 3.16 xQueueReceive() 184............................................................................................................. 3.17 xQueueReceiveFromISR() 187............................................................................................. 3.18 xQueueRemoveFromSet() 190............................................................................................. 3.19 xQueueReset() 192................................................................................................................. 3.20 xQueueSelectFromSet() 193................................................................................................. 3.21 xQueueSelectFromSetFromISR() 195................................................................................. 3.22 xQueueSend() , xQueueSendToFront() , xQueueSendToBack() 197............... 3.23 xQueueSendFromISR() , xQueueSendToBackFromISR() , xQueueSendToFrontFromISR() ............................................................200 3.24 uxQueueSpacesAvailable() 204............................................................................................ 章节 4Semaphore......................................................................................................................... API206 4.1 vSemaphoreCreateBinary() 207........................................................................................... 4.2 xSemaphoreCreateBinary() 210........................................................................................... 4.3 xSemaphoreCreateBinaryStatic() 213................................................................................. 4.4 xSemaphoreCreateCounting() 216....................................................................................... 4.5 xSemaphoreCreateCountingStatic() 219............................................................................. 4.6 xSemaphoreCreateMutex() 222............................................................................................ 4.7 xSemaphoreCreateMutexStatic() 224.................................................................................. 4.8 xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex() 226.......................................................................... 4.9 xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutexStatic() 229................................................................ 4.10 vSemaphoreDelete() 231....................................................................................................... 4.11 uxSemaphoreGetCount() 232............................................................................................... 4.12 xSemaphoreGetMutexHolder() 233...................................................................................... 4.13 xSemaphoreGive() 234.......................................................................................................... 4.14 xSemaphoreGiveFromISR() 236.......................................................................................... 4.15 xSemaphoreGiveRecursive() 239......................................................................................... 4.16 xSemaphoreTake() 242.......................................................................................................... 4.17 xSemaphoreTakeFromISR() 245.......................................................................................... 4.18 xSemaphoreTakeRecursive() 247........................................................................................ 章节 5Software 定时器................................................................................................................. API251 5.1 xTimerChangePeriod() 252.................................................................................................... 5.2 xTimerChangePeriodFromISR() 255.................................................................................... 5.3 xTimerCreate() 257................................................................................................................. 5.4 xTimerCreateStatic() 261.......................................................................................................9 5.5 xTimerDelete() 265.................................................................................................................. 5.1 xTimerGetExpiryTime() ....................................................................................................267 5.1 pcTimerGetName() 269.......................................................................................................... 5.2 xTimerGetPeriod() 270........................................................................................................... 5.3 xTimerGetTimerDaemonTaskHandle() 271........................................................................ 5.4 pvTimerGetTimerID() 272...................................................................................................... 5.5 xTimerIsTimerActive() 274..................................................................................................... 5.6 xTimerPendFunctionCall() 276.............................................................................................. 5.7 xTimerPendFunctionCallFromISR() 278..............................................................................8 5.8 xTimerReset() 281................................................................................................................... 5.9 xTimerResetFromISR() 284................................................................................................... 5.10 vTimerSetTimerID() 286......................................................................................................... 5.11 xTimerStart() 288..................................................................................................................... 5.12 xTimerStartFromISR() 290..................................................................................................... 5.13 xTimerStop() 292..................................................................................................................... 5.14 xTimerStopFromISR() 294..................................................................................................... 章节 6Event 组............................................................................................................................... API296 6.1 xEventGroupClearBits() 297.................................................................................................. 6.2 xEventGroupClearBitsFromISR() 299.................................................................................. 6.3 xEventGroupCreate() 302...................................................................................................... 6.4 xEventGroupCreateStatic() 304............................................................................................ 6.1 vEventGroupDelete() 306...................................................................................................... 6.2 xEventGroupGetBits() 307..................................................................................................... 6.1 xEventGroupGetBitsFromISR() 308..................................................................................... 6.2 xEventGroupSetBits() 309..................................................................................................... 6.3 xEventGroupSetBitsFromISR() 311..................................................................................... 6.1 xEventGroupSync() 314......................................................................................................... 6.2 xEventGroupWaitBits() 318................................................................................................... 章节 7Kernel................................................................................................................. Configuration321 7.1 FreeRTOSConfig.h322............................................................................................................... 7.2 常量开始“INCLUDE_”...........................................................................................................323 7.3 常量开始“配置”.......................................................................................................................327 附录 1: 数据类型和编码样式.................................................................................................. Guide347