iOS AutoLayout深度揭秘：移动编程系列实战指南

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iOS AutoLayout 是 iOS 开发中不可或缺的一部分，它是一种自动化的用户界面布局系统，旨在简化开发者在不同屏幕尺寸和方向上创建响应式设计的工作。《iOS AutoLayout Demystified》是 Addison-Wesley Mobile Programming Series 中的一员，该系列是专为深入探讨移动编程特性和主题而设计的一套数字书籍。这套系列的特点是每个标题都包含可下载的示例代码，这些代码可以直接应用于开发者的实际项目中，帮助他们快速掌握相关技术。本书第二版由 Erica Sadun 执笔，全面讲解了 AutoLayout 的原理、概念和实践技巧。它以详尽的步骤和丰富的视觉示例来指导读者，确保读者不仅能理解理论，还能将学到的知识运用到实际的 iOS 应用程序开发中。AutoLayout 的核心在于利用尺寸类（Size Classes）、约束（Constraints）以及视觉格式描述符（Visual Format Language, VFL），使得开发者能够轻松地设置视图之间的相对位置和大小关系，从而实现界面布局的动态适应性。通过本书，开发者可以学习如何处理屏幕尺寸变化、设置视图的对齐方式、控制间距和比例等关键问题。作者提供了大量的实例，让读者逐步掌握如何构建复杂的布局，并确保在不同设备上的用户体验一致性。此外，书中还包含了实用的技巧和最佳实践，帮助开发者避免常见的布局陷阱，提升应用的性能和用户体验。如果你想要深入研究 iOS AutoLayout 或者正在寻找提升你的 iOS 应用设计能力的资源，这本书无疑是宝贵的参考资料。访问 informit.com/mobile 可以查看该系列其他出版物，同时不要错过社交媒体上的互动链接，如 informit.com/socialconnect，那里可能有关于最新更新和作者互动的信息。《iOS AutoLayout Demystified》是一本实用且详尽的指南，适合从初学者到高级开发者的不同层次，无论是为了学习新技能还是优化现有项目的布局设计，都能从中获益匪浅。通过阅读和实践书中的内容，开发者可以确保他们的 iOS 应用在各种设备上都能展现出优雅的布局和良好的交互体验。

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Preface

how items follow one another onscreen. You uncover the natural relationships in your

design and detail them through constraint-based rules. This chapter introduces the

expressiveness of Auto Layout design, spotlighting its underlying philosophy and offering

examples that showcase its features.

■

Chapter 7 , “Layout Solutions” —The chapters leading up to this one focus on know-

how and philosophy. This chapter introduces solutions. You’ll read about a variety of

real-world challenges and how Auto Layout provides practical answers for day-to-day

development work. The topics are grab bag, showcasing requests developers commonly

ask about.

■

Appendix A , “Answers to Exercises” — This appendix provides the answers to all the

chapter-ending exercises.

About the Sample Code

This book follows the trend I started in my iOS Developer’s Cookbook series. This book’s iOS

sample code always starts off from a single main.m file, where you’ll find the heart of the

application powering the example. This is not how people normally develop iOS or Cocoa

applications or how they should be developing them, but it provides a great way of presenting

a single big idea. It’s hard to tell a story when readers must search through many files and try

to find out what is relevant and what is not. Offering a single launching point concentrates the

story, allowing access to an idea in a single chunk.

The presentation in this book does not produce code in a standard day-to-day best-practices

approach. Instead, it offers concise solutions that you can incorporate into your work as

needed. For the most part, the examples for this book use a single application identifier: com.

sadun.helloworld. This avoids clogging up your iOS devices with dozens of examples at once.

Each example replaces the preceding one, ensuring that your home screen remains relatively

uncluttered. If you want to install several examples simultaneously, you can simply edit the

identifier, adding a unique suffix, such as com.sadun.helloworld.table-edits.

You can also edit the custom display name to make the apps visually distinct. Your iOS Team

Provisioning Profile matches every application identifier, including com.sadun.helloworld. This

allows you to install compiled code to devices without having to change the identifier; just

make sure to update your signing identity in each project’s build settings.

There is a smattering of OS X code in this book as well. This is not an OS X–centered book

(as you can guess from the title), but I’ve covered OS X topics where it makes sense to do so.

I spend the majority of my time in iOS, so please forgive any OS X faux pas I make along the

way and do drop me notes to help me correct whatever I’ve gotten wrong.

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xvi

Preface

Getting the Sample Code

You’ll find the source code for this book at http://github.com/erica/Auto-Layout-Demystified

on the open-source GitHub hosting site. There, you’ll find a chapter-by-chapter collection of

source code that provides working examples of the material covered in this book.

As explained later, you can get the sample code either by using git directly or by clicking

GitHub’s download button. It was at the right center of the page when I wrote this book. It

enables you to retrieve the entire repository as a ZIP archive or tarball.

Getting Git

You can download this book’s source code by using the git version control system. An OS

X implementation of git is available at http://code.google.com/p/git-osx-installer . OS X git

implementations include both command-line and GUI solutions, so hunt around for the

version that best suits your development needs.

Getting GitHub

GitHub ( http://github.com ) is the largest git-hosting site, with more than 150,000 public

repositories. It provides both free hosting for public projects and paid options for private

projects. With a custom Web interface that includes wiki hosting, issue tracking, and an

emphasis on social networking of project developers, it’s a great place to find new code or

collaborate on existing libraries. You can sign up for a free account at the GitHub Web site,

which then allows you to copy and modify this repository or create your own open-source iOS

projects to share with others.

Contribute!

Sample code is never a fixed target. It continues to evolve as Apple updates its SDK and the

Cocoa Touch libraries. Get involved. You can pitch in by suggesting bug fixes and corrections

and by expanding the code that’s on offer. GitHub allows you to fork repositories and grow

them with your own tweaks and features and then share them back to the main repository. If

you come up with a new idea or approach, let me know. My team and I are happy to include

great suggestions both at the repository and in the next edition of this book.

Contacting the Author

If you have any comments or questions about this book, please drop me an e-mail message at

erica@ericasadun.com or stop by the GitHub repository and contact me there.

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