Python编程入门：软件设计基础

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"Python for Software Design" 是一本面向没有编程经验的人的软件设计入门书籍，通过Python语言进行讲解。书中从基础概念开始，逐步引入更复杂的概念，如递归和面向对象编程，这些挑战性的主题被分解成一系列小步骤，分散在多个章节中介绍。书中的重点在于编程过程，特别是调试技术，并包含各种类型的练习，从小型示例到大型项目，提供大量实践机会。作者Allen B. Downey是Olin College of Engineering的计算机科学副教授，他在Wellesley College、Colby College和UC Berkeley都有教学经历，并拥有UC Berkeley的计算机科学博士学位。这本书还提供了练习答案和代码示例，以及用于部分练习的Python程序包Swampy，可在thinkpython.com获取。本书内容涵盖： 1. **基础编程概念**：包括变量、数据类型、控制结构（如if语句和循环）、函数等，这些都是编程的基础，帮助初学者理解如何用Python组织代码。 2. **递归**：递归是编程中的一个关键概念，它允许函数调用自身来解决复杂问题。书中将递归分解为小步骤，帮助初学者逐步掌握这一技巧。 3. **面向对象编程（OOP）**：Python是一种支持OOP的语言，书中会介绍类、对象、继承和多态等核心概念，让读者了解如何通过封装和抽象来构建模块化的软件。 4. **调试**：调试是软件开发过程中不可或缺的部分，书中强调了调试的重要性，教授如何识别和修复错误，以提高代码质量。 5. **练习和项目**：丰富的练习和项目帮助读者巩固所学知识，从小规模的代码片段到完整的程序设计，逐步提升编程能力。 6. **Swampy**：这是一套Python程序，用于配合书中的练习，通过实际操作，帮助学习者更好地理解和应用所学概念。 7. **解决问题的策略**：书中可能还会涉及一些通用的编程思维和问题解决方法，如分治法、迭代与递归的比较等，以培养读者的编程思维方式。《Python for Software Design》旨在提供一个平易近人的Python编程入门途径，不仅教授语法和技术，还注重培养良好的编程习惯和问题解决能力。对于希望进入软件设计领域的初学者，这本书无疑是一个理想的选择。

xiv Preface

■ Courtney Gleason and Katherine Smith wrote horsebet.py, which was used as

a case study in an earlier version of the book. Their program can now be found

on the website.

■ Lee Harr submitted more corrections than we have room to list here, and indeed

he should be listed as one of the principal editors of the text.

■ James Kaylin is a student using the text. He has submitted numerous corrections.

■ David Kershaw ﬁxed the broken catTwice function in Section 3.10.

■ Eddie Lam has sent in numerous corrections to Chapters 1, 2, and 3. He also

ﬁxed the Makeﬁle so that it creates an index the ﬁrst time it is run and helped us

set up a versioning scheme.

■ Man-Yong Lee sent in a correction to the example code in Section 2.4.

■ David Mayo pointed out that the word “unconsciously” in Chapter 1 needed to

be changed to “subconsciously.”

■ Chris McAloon sent in several corrections to Sections 3.9 and 3.10.

■ Matthew J. Moelter has been a long-time contributor who sent in numerous

corrections to and suggestions for the book.

■ Simon Dicon Montford reported a missing function deﬁnition and several typos

in Chapter 3. He also found errors in the increment function in Chapter 13.

■ John Ouzts corrected the deﬁnition of “return value” in Chapter 3.

■ Kevin Parks sent in valuable comments and suggestions as to how to improve the

distribution of the book.

■ David Pool sent in a typo in the glossary of Chapter 1, as well as kind words of

encouragement.

■ Michael Schmitt sent in a correction to the chapter on ﬁles and exceptions.

■ Robin Shaw pointed out an error in Section 13.1, where the printTime function

was used in an example without being deﬁned.

■ Paul Sleigh found an error in Chapter 7 and a bug in Jonah Cohen’s Perl script

that generates HTML from LaTeX.

■ Craig T. Snydal is testing the text in a course at Drew University. He has

contributed several valuable suggestions and corrections.

■ Ian Thomas and his students are using the text in a programming course. They

are the ﬁrst ones to test the chapters in the latter half of the book, and they have

made numerous corrections and suggestions.

■ Keith Verheyden sent in a correction in Chapter 3.

■ Peter Winstanley let us know about a longstanding error in our Latin in Chapter 3.

■ Chris Wrobel made corrections to the code in the chapter on ﬁle I/O and

exceptions.

■ Moshe Zadka has made invaluable contributions to this project. In addition

to writing the ﬁrst draft of the chapter on dictionaries, he provided continual

guidance in the early stages of the book.

■ Christoph Zwerschke sent several corrections and pedagogic suggestions and

explained the difference between gleich and selbe.

■ James Mayer sent us a whole slew of spelling and typographical errors, including

two in the contributor list.

■

Hayden McAfee caught a potentially confusing inconsistency between two

examples.

Preface xv

■ Angel Arnal is part of an international team of translators working on the Spanish

version of the text. He has also found several errors in the English version.

■ Tauhidul Hoque and Lex Berezhny created the illustrations in Chapter 1 and

improved many of the other illustrations.

■ Dr. Michele Alzetta caught an error in Chapter 8 and sent some interesting

pedagogic comments and suggestions about Fibonacci and Old Maid.

■ Andy Mitchell caught a typo in Chapter 1 and a broken example in Chapter 2.

■ Kalin Harvey suggested a clariﬁcation in Chapter 7 and caught some typos.

■ Christopher P. Smith caught several typos and is helping us prepare to update

the book for Python 2.2.

■ David Hutchins caught a typo in the Preface.

■ Gregor Lingl is teaching Python at a high school in Vienna, Austria. He is working

on a German translation of the book, and he caught a couple of bad errors in

Chapter 5.

■ Julie Peters caught a typo in the Preface.

■ Florin Oprina sent in an improvement in makeTime, a correction in printTime,

and a nice typo.

■ D. J. Webre suggested a clariﬁcation in Chapter 3.

■ Ken found a ﬁstful of errors in Chapters 8, 9, and 11.

■ Ivo Wever caught a typo in Chapter 5 and suggested a clariﬁcation in Chapter 3.

■ Curtis Yanko suggested a clariﬁcation in Chapter 2.

■ Ben Logan sent in a number of typos and problems with translating the book into

HTML.

■ Jason Armstrong saw a missing word in Chapter 2.

■ Louis Cordier noticed a spot in Chapter 16 where the code didn’t match the text.

■ Brian Cain suggested several clariﬁcations in Chapters 2 and 3.

■ Rob Black sent in a passel of corrections, including some changes for Python 2.2.

■ Jean-Philippe Rey at Ecole Centrale Paris sent a number of patches, including

some updates for Python 2.2 and other thoughtful improvements.

■ Jason Mader at George Washington University made a number of useful

suggestions and corrections.

■ Jan Gundtofte-Bruun reminded us that “a error” is an error.

■ Abel David and Alexis Dinno reminded us that the plural of “matrix” is “matri-

ces,” not “matrixes.” This error was in the book for years, but two readers with

the same initials reported it on the same day. Weird.

■ Charles Thayer encouraged us to get rid of the semi-colons we had put at the ends

of some statements and to clean up our use of “argument” and “parameter.”

■ Roger Sperberg pointed out a twisted piece of logic in Chapter 3.

■ Sam Bull pointed out a confusing paragraph in Chapter 2.

■ Andrew Cheung pointed out two instances of “use before def.”

■ C. Corey Capel spotted a missing word in the Third Theorem of Debugging and

a typo in Chapter 4.

■ Alessandra helped clear up some Turtle confusion.

■ Wim Champagne found a brain-o in a dictionary example.

■

Douglas Wright pointed out a problem with ﬂoor division in arc.

■

Jared Spindor found some jetsam at the end of a sentence.

■ Lin Peiheng sent a number of very helpful suggestions.

xvi Preface

■ Ray Hagtvedt sent in two errors and a not-quite-error.

■ Torsten Hübsch pointed out an inconsistency in Swampy.

■ Inga Petuhhov corrected an example in Chapter 14.

■ Arne Babenhauserheide sent several helpful corrections.

■ Mark E. Casida is is good at spotting repeated words.

■ Scott Tyler ﬁlled in a that was missing. And then sent in a heap of corrections.

■ Gordon Shephard sent in several corrections, all in separate emails.

■ Andrew Turner spotted an error in Chapter 8.

■ Adam Hobart ﬁxed a problem with ﬂoor division in arc.

■ Daryl Hammond and Sarah Zimmerman pointed out that I served up math.pi

too early. And Zim spotted a typo.

■ George Sass found a bug in a Debugging section.

■ Brian Bingham suggested Exercise 11.9.

■ Leah Engelbert-Fenton pointed out that I used tuple as a variable name, contrary

to my own advice. And then found a bunch of typos and a “use before def.”

■ Joe Funke spotted a typo.

■ Chao-chao Chen found an inconsistency in the Fibonacci example.

■ Jeff Paine knows the difference between space and spam.

■ Lubos Pintes sent in a typo.

■ Gregg Lind and Abigail Heithoff suggested Exercise 14.6.

■ Max Hailperin has sent in a number of corrections and suggestions. Max is one

of the authors of the extraordinary Concrete Abstractions, which you might want

to read when you are done with this book.

■ Chotipat Pornavalai found an error in an error message.

■ Stanislaw Antol sent a list of very helpful suggestions.

■ Eric Pashman sent a number of corrections for Chapters 4–11.

■ Miguel Azevedo found some typos.

■ Jianhua Liu sent in a long list of corrections.

■ Nick King found a missing word.

■ Martin Zuther sent a long list of suggestions.

■ Adam Zimmerman found an inconsistency in my instance of an “instance” and

several other errors.

■ Ratnakar Tiwari suggested a footnote explaining degenerate triangles.

■ Anurag Goel suggested another solution for is_abecedarian and sent some

additional corrections. And he knows how to spell Jane Austen.

■ Kelli Kratzer spotted one of they typos.

■ Mark Grifﬁths pointed out a confusing example in Chapter 3.

■ Roydan Ongie found an error in my Newton’s method.

■ Patryk Wolowiec helped me with a problem in the HTML version.

Allen B. Downey

Needham, MA

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