IEC60870-101:电力系统数据通信标准解析

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"IEC60870-101是电力系统中广泛采用的数据通信标准规约,它建立在IEC60870-5-101的基础之上,用于电力系统的远动设备之间的通信。这个规约定义了在不同电力设备之间交换数据的协议,包括帧结构、传输方式以及控制域的详细定义。" 1)IEC60870-101规定了两种帧格式:固定帧长格式和可变帧长格式。固定帧长格式由启动字符、控制域、链路地址域、帧校验和以及结束字符组成。而可变帧长格式则增加了长度和重复长度字段,允许链路用户数据的长度变化。FT1.2帧结构是101规约的核心,确保数据的正确传输。 2)101规约支持平衡传输和非平衡传输两种方式。非平衡传输中,主站负责所有的信息采集和处理,简化了系统的控制策略,但主站的控制策略较为单一。平衡传输则允许子站主动上传重要信息,提高传输效率,适合全双工通道。然而,对于半双工或多点连接的通道,非平衡传输更为适用,因为平衡传输可能导致冲突。 3)控制域在101规约中扮演着关键角色。其构成包括传输方向位DIR、启动报文位PRM、帧计数位FCB以及帧计数有效位FCV。DIR标识报文的方向,PRM表明报文是由主站发起。FCB用于在主站与子站之间的轮询通信,通过翻转FCB来避免数据冲突。FCV决定FCB的有效性,当为0时,表示帧计数位不受支持。主站会根据FCB状态和FCV来确定是否需要重复发送报文。 4)101规约还包括错误检测和重传机制。主站如果在预设时间内未收到子站的响应,或接收到错误的报文,会重传原报文最多三次。如果主站正确收到子站的回应,这一轮的传输服务则结束。 5)在实际应用中,101规约通常用于电力系统的SCADA(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition)系统,它能够帮助监控和控制远程设备,如变压器、开关等,确保电力系统的稳定运行。通过101规约,电力公司可以实现远程监测、故障报警、自动控制等功能,大大提高运营效率。 IEC60870-101是电力自动化领域不可或缺的通信规约,它规范了电力设备间的通信流程,保证了数据的可靠传输和系统的高效运作。无论是固定还是可变帧长格式,或者是平衡与非平衡传输方式的选择,都是为了适应不同的网络环境和应用需求。同时,控制域的设定确保了通信过程中的错误检测和纠正,增强了系统的稳定性。
2018-04-23 上传
IEC 60870 part 5 [1] is one of the IEC 60870 set of standards which define systems used for telecontrol (supervisory control and data acquisition) in electrical engineering and power system automation applications. Part 5 provides a communication profile for sending basic telecontrol messages between two systems, which uses permanent directly connected data circuits between the systems. The IEC Technical Committee 57 (Working Group 03) have developed a protocol standard for telecontrol, teleprotection, and associated telecommunications for electric power systems. The result of this work is IEC 60870-5. Five documents specify the base IEC 60870-5: IEC 60870-5-1 Transmission Frame Formats IEC 60870-5-2 Data Link Transmission Services IEC 60870-5-3 General Structure of Application Data IEC 60870-5-4 Definition and Coding of Information Elements IEC 60870-5-5 Basic Application Functions IEC 60870-5-6 Guidelines for conformance testing for the IEC 60870-5 companion standards IEC TS 60870-5-7 Security extensions to IEC 60870-5-101 and IEC 60870-5-104 protocols (applying IEC 62351) The IEC Technical Committee 57 has also generated companion standards: IEC 60870-5-101 Transmission Protocols - companion standards especially for basic telecontrol tasks IEC 60870-5-102 Transmission Protocols - Companion standard for the transmission of integrated totals in electric power systems (this standard is not widely used) IEC 60870-5-103 Transmission Protocols - Companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment IEC 60870-5-104 Transmission Protocols - Network access for IEC 60870-5-101 using standard transport profiles IEC TS 60870-5-601 Transmission protocols - Conformance test cases for the IEC 60870-5-101 companion standard IEC TS 60870-5-604 Conformance test cases for the IEC 60870-5-104 companion standard IEC 60870-5-101/102/103/104 are companion standards generated for basic telecontrol tasks, transmission of integrated totals, data exchange from protection equipment & network access of IEC101 respectively.