使用ASP .NET Core MVC构建云就绪Web应用

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"Pro ASP .NET Core MVC 是一本由 Adam Freeman 撰写的关于使用 Microsoft 最新框架 ASP.NET Core MVC 开发云就绪 web 应用程序的专业书籍，已更新至第六版。这本书深入介绍了如何利用 C# 语言构建高效、可扩展的 Web 应用。" 在本书中，作者 Adam Freeman 详细讲解了 ASP.NET Core MVC 框架的核心概念和技术，包括： 1. **ASP.NET Core 简介**：ASP.NET Core 是一个跨平台的开源框架，用于构建现代云应用。它支持 Windows、Linux 和 macOS 平台，并可在 Docker 容器中运行，具备高性能和模块化设计。 2. **MVC 模式**：Model-View-Controller (MVC) 设计模式在 ASP.NET Core 中被广泛使用，它分离了应用程序的业务逻辑、视图呈现和用户交互。书中会详细解释如何创建控制器、模型和视图，以及它们之间的协作机制。 3. **C# 语言特性**：书中会介绍 C# 的最新特性，如异步编程、LINQ、属性、泛型等，这些是构建 ASP.NET Core 应用的基础。 4. **依赖注入**：ASP.NET Core 内置了强大的依赖注入容器，帮助开发者管理对象的生命周期和依赖关系，提升代码的可测试性和可维护性。 5. **中间件**：中间件是 ASP.NET Core 中的关键组件，用于处理请求和响应流。通过组合中间件，开发者可以构建出灵活的请求处理管道。 6. **路由**：路由系统用于将 HTTP 请求映射到控制器方法，书中会涵盖定义路由规则、路由约束以及动态路由参数等。 7. **身份验证与授权**：ASP.NET Core 提供了全面的安全框架，包括基于 cookie 的身份验证、JWT（JSON Web Tokens）以及角色和政策授权。 8. **测试与调试**：书中会讲解如何编写单元测试和集成测试，以及使用 Visual Studio 或命令行工具进行调试。 9. **部署与持续集成**：涵盖将 ASP.NET Core 应用部署到 Azure、AWS 或其他云平台，以及如何配置 CI/CD 流水线。 10. **API 开发**：讲解如何创建 RESTful API，支持 JSON 和 XML 格式的响应，以及使用 Swagger 进行 API 文档化。 11. **Blazor**：虽然标题未提及 Blazor，但作为 ASP.NET Core 的重要组成部分，本书可能会介绍 Blazor，这是一个用于构建客户端 Web UI 的框架，使用 C# 而非 JavaScript。通过学习这本书，读者将能够熟练掌握 ASP.NET Core MVC 的开发技能，构建出高效、可扩展的 Web 应用，并能适应云环境的需求。无论你是初学者还是有经验的开发者，都能从这本书中收获宝贵的知识。

■ CONTENTS

xvi

■Chapter 15: URL Routing.................................................................................... 425

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 427

Creating the Model Class ....................................................................................................................428

Creating the Example Controllers .......................................................................................................429

Creating the View ...............................................................................................................................430

Introducing URL Patterns ............................................................................................. 431

Creating and Registering a Simple Route .................................................................... 433

Deﬁ ning Default Values ................................................................................................ 434

Deﬁ ning Inline Default Values .............................................................................................................435

Using Static URL Segments .......................................................................................... 437

Deﬁ ning Custom Segment Variables ............................................................................ 442

Using Custom Variables as Action Method Parameters ......................................................................444

Deﬁ ning Optional URL Segments ........................................................................................................446

Deﬁ ning Variable-Length Routes ........................................................................................................448

Constraining Routes ..................................................................................................... 451

Constraining a Route Using a Regular Expression .............................................................................. 454

Using Type and Value Constraints .......................................................................................................455

Combining Constraints .......................................................................................................................456

Deﬁ ning a Custom Constraint .............................................................................................................457

Using Attribute Routing ................................................................................................ 460

Preparing for Attribute Routing ...........................................................................................................460

Applying Attribute Routing ..................................................................................................................461

Applying Route Constraints ................................................................................................................464

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 464

■Chapter 16: Advanced Routing Features ........................................................... 465

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 466

Generating Outgoing URLs in Views ............................................................................. 468

Generating Outgoing Links .................................................................................................................468

Generating URLs (and Not Links) ........................................................................................................479

■ CONTENTS

xvii

Customizing the Routing System ................................................................................. 480

Changing the Routing System Conﬁ guration ......................................................................................481

Creating a Custom Route Class ..........................................................................................................482

Working with Areas ...................................................................................................... 493

Creating an Area .................................................................................................................................493

Creating an Area Route .......................................................................................................................494

Populating an Area .............................................................................................................................495

Generating Links to Actions in Areas ..................................................................................................497

URL Schema Best Practices ......................................................................................... 499

Make Your URLs Clean and Human-Friendly ......................................................................................499

GET and POST: Pick the Right One ......................................................................................................500

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 501

■Chapter 17: Controllers and Actions .................................................................. 503

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 504

Preparing the Views ............................................................................................................................506

Understanding Controllers ............................................................................................ 508

Creating Controllers ..................................................................................................... 508

Creating POCO Controllers ..................................................................................................................508

Using the Controller Base Class .........................................................................................................511

Receiving Context Data ................................................................................................ 512

Getting Data from Context Objects .....................................................................................................512

Using Action Method Parameters .......................................................................................................517

Producing a Response .................................................................................................. 519

Producing a Response Using the Context Object ................................................................................519

Understanding Action Results .............................................................................................................520

Producing an HTML Response ............................................................................................................522

Performing Redirections .....................................................................................................................531

Returning Different Types of Content ..................................................................................................538

■ CONTENTS

xviii

Responding with the Contents of Files ...............................................................................................540

Returning Errors and HTTP Codes ......................................................................................................542

Understanding the Other Action Result Classes .................................................................................544

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 545

■Chapter 18: Dependency Injection ..................................................................... 547

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 548

Creating the Model and Repository ....................................................................................................549

Creating the Controller and View ........................................................................................................551

Creating the Unit Test Project .............................................................................................................553

Creating Loosely Coupled Components ........................................................................ 554

Examining Closely Coupled Components............................................................................................554

Introducing ASP.NET Dependency Injection .................................................................. 561

Preparing for Dependency Injection ...................................................................................................561

Conﬁ guring the Service Provider ........................................................................................................562

Unit Testing a Controller with a Dependency ......................................................................................564

Using Dependency Chains ..................................................................................................................565

Using Dependency Injection for Concrete Types .................................................................................568

Understanding Service Life Cycles ............................................................................... 570

Using the Transient Life Cycle.............................................................................................................570

Using the Scoped Life Cycle ...............................................................................................................574

Using the Singleton Life Cycle ............................................................................................................576

Using Action Injection ................................................................................................... 577

Using the Property Injection Attributes ......................................................................... 577

Manually Requesting an Implementation Object .......................................................... 578

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 579

■ CONTENTS

xix

■Chapter 19: Filters ............................................................................................. 581

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 582

Enabling SSL .......................................................................................................................................583

Creating the Controller and View ........................................................................................................584

Using Filters ................................................................................................................. 586

Understanding Filters ................................................................................................... 589

Getting Context Data ...........................................................................................................................589

Using Authorization Filters ........................................................................................... 590

Creating an Authorization Filter ..........................................................................................................591

Using Action Filters ...................................................................................................... 593

Creating an Action Filter .....................................................................................................................595

Creating an Asynchronous Action Filter ..............................................................................................597

Using Result Filters ...................................................................................................... 598

Creating a Result Filter .......................................................................................................................599

Creating an Asynchronous Result Filter ..............................................................................................600

Creating a Hybrid Action/Result Filter .................................................................................................602

Using Exception Filters ................................................................................................. 604

Creating an Exception Filter ...............................................................................................................605

Using Dependency Injection for Filters ......................................................................... 607

Resolving Filter Dependencies ...........................................................................................................607

Managing Filter Life Cycles ................................................................................................................611

Creating Global Filters .................................................................................................. 614

Understanding and Changing Filter Order .................................................................... 617

Changing Filter Order .........................................................................................................................619

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 620

■Chapter 20: API Controllers ............................................................................... 621

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 622

Creating the Model and Repository ....................................................................................................622

Creating the Controller and Views ......................................................................................................624

Conﬁ guring the Application ................................................................................................................626

■ CONTENTS

Understanding the Role of RESTful Controllers ............................................................ 628

Understanding the Speed Problem .....................................................................................................629

Understanding the Efﬁ ciency Problem ...............................................................................................629

Understanding the Openness Problem ...............................................................................................630

Introducing REST and API Controllers .......................................................................... 630

Creating an API Controller ...................................................................................................................631

Testing an API Controller .....................................................................................................................635

Using the API Controller in the Browser ..............................................................................................639

Understanding Content Formatting .............................................................................. 641

Understanding the Default Content Policy ..........................................................................................642

Understanding Content Negotiation ....................................................................................................643

Specifying an Action Data Format ......................................................................................................646

Getting the Data Format from the Route or Query String ...................................................................647

Enabling Full Content Negotiation ......................................................................................................648

Receiving Different Data Formats .......................................................................................................650

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 651

■Chapter 21: Views ............................................................................................. 653

Preparing the Example Project ..................................................................................... 654

Creating a Custom View Engine ................................................................................... 656

Creating a Custom IView ....................................................................................................................657

Creating an IViewEngine Implementation ...........................................................................................658

Registering a Custom View Engine .....................................................................................................659

Testing the View Engine ......................................................................................................................660

Working with the Razor Engine .................................................................................... 663

Preparing the Example Project ...........................................................................................................663

Demystifying Razor Views ..................................................................................................................665

Adding Dynamic Content to a Razor View .................................................................... 669

Using Layout Sections ........................................................................................................................669

Using Partial Views .............................................................................................................................675

Adding JSON Content to Views ...........................................................................................................678

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