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首页Dell三层交换机OS10用户指南
Dell三层交换机OS10用户指南
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更新于2024-07-09
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"Dell三层交换机说明书中文版.pdf提供了Dell EMCSmartFabric OS10用户指南,详细介绍了如何操作和管理Dell的三层交换机。这份文档包含了多个关键主题,如交换机的登录、操作系统版本的检查与升级、许可证的安装与管理,以及不同部署和配置选项。此外,它还涵盖了CLI(命令行接口)的基本操作,包括设备状态的检查、命令帮助、配置管理等。"
Dell三层交换机是网络基础设施中的重要组成部分,用于在局域网内提供高速的数据传输并实现不同网络区域间的通信。SmartFabric OS10是Dell为这些交换机设计的操作系统,提供了先进的网络功能和管理工具。
本手册首先强调了安全注意事项,包括"注意"、"小心"和"警告",以确保用户在操作过程中遵循最佳实践,防止设备损坏、数据丢失或潜在的安全风险。
在交换机操作部分,用户可以学习如何登录到设备并检查已安装的OS10版本。如果需要,可以执行OS10的升级操作,同时了解如何验证和管理相应的许可证。对于新购买或未安装操作系统的交换机,指南提供了卸载现有操作系统、下载OS10镜像以及使用ONIE(开放网络安装环境)进行安装的步骤。
在交换机部署方面,用户可以选择手动CLI配置,或者利用ZTD(零触部署)和Ansible自动化工具进行快速、高效的批量配置。手册还涵盖了远程访问的设置,包括配置管理IP地址、管理路由,以及设置用户名和密码,以便于远程管理和监控交换机。
CLI基础知识部分详细介绍了各种命令,如进入配置模式、查看设备状态、获取命令帮助,以及管理配置文件(如复制运行配置、恢复启动配置和重新加载系统映像)。此外,用户还能学习如何筛选"show"命令的输出,以及使用基本的网络诊断命令如"ping"。
这份详尽的中文版说明书不仅为初次使用者提供了全面的引导,也为经验丰富的网络管理员提供了实用的操作和维护参考,确保Dell三层交换机能够高效、稳定地运行在企业网络环境中。
member-interface........................................................................................................................................................ 841
nve.................................................................................................................................................................................842
remote-vtep.................................................................................................................................................................842
show hardware overlay-routing-profile mode......................................................................................................... 842
show interface virtual-network................................................................................................................................. 843
show nve remote-vtep............................................................................................................................................... 844
show nve remote-vtep counters...............................................................................................................................844
show nve vxlan-vni..................................................................................................................................................... 845
show virtual-network..................................................................................................................................................845
show virtual-network counters................................................................................................................................. 846
show virtual-network interface counters.................................................................................................................846
show virtual-network interface..................................................................................................................................847
show virtual-network vlan..........................................................................................................................................847
show vlan (virtual network)....................................................................................................................................... 847
source-interface loopback..........................................................................................................................................848
virtual-network............................................................................................................................................................ 848
virtual-network untagged-vlan.................................................................................................................................. 849
vxlan-vni....................................................................................................................................................................... 849
VXLAN MAC 命令............................................................................................................................................................ 850
clear mac address-table dynamic nve remote-vtep............................................................................................... 850
clear mac address-table dynamic virtual-network..................................................................................................850
show mac address-table count extended.................................................................................................................851
show mac address-table count nve...........................................................................................................................851
show mac address-table count virtual-network..................................................................................................... 852
show mac address-table extended...........................................................................................................................853
show mac address-table nve.....................................................................................................................................853
show mac address-table virtual-network.................................................................................................................854
示例:VXLAN 和静态 VTEP...........................................................................................................................................855
BGP EVPN for VXLAN.....................................................................................................................................................868
BGP EVPN 与静态 VXLAN 比较.............................................................................................................................. 868
VXLAN BGP EVPN 操作............................................................................................................................................869
为 VXLAN 配置 BGP EVPN........................................................................................................................................871
VXLAN BGP EVPN 路由............................................................................................................................................875
BGP EVPN 和 VLT......................................................................................................................................................875
VXLAN BGP 命令........................................................................................................................................................877
VXLAN EVPN 命令.....................................................................................................................................................880
示例:VXLAN 和 BGP EVPN................................................................................................................................... 885
示例:VXLAN BGP EVPN — 多 AS 拓扑.............................................................................................................. 906
示例:VXLAN BGP EVPN — 集中化 L3 网关.......................................................................................................927
示例:VXLAN BGP EVPN — 带有非对称 IRB 的边界分支网关........................................................................929
控制器调配的 VXLAN......................................................................................................................................................932
配置控制器调配的 VXLAN........................................................................................................................................933
从 VMware vCenter 配置和控制 VXLAN................................................................................................................936
示例:具有控制器配置的 VXLAN........................................................................................................................... 939
VXLAN 控制器命令.................................................................................................................................................... 943
17 UFT 模式.................................................................................................................................949
配置 UFT 模式.................................................................................................................................................................. 950
IPv6 扩展前缀路由......................................................................................................................................................951
16
目录
UFT 命令............................................................................................................................................................................952
hardware forwarding-table mode..............................................................................................................................952
hardware l3 ipv6-extended-prefix.............................................................................................................................952
show hardware forwarding-table mode................................................................................................................... 953
show hardware forwarding-table mode all...............................................................................................................953
show hardware l3........................................................................................................................................................953
18 安全性.................................................................................................................................... 955
AAA 身份验证................................................................................................................................................................... 955
用户重新身份验证........................................................................................................................................................... 956
密码强度............................................................................................................................................................................956
简单密码检查....................................................................................................................................................................957
隐匿密码............................................................................................................................................................................ 957
基于角色的访问控制....................................................................................................................................................... 958
分配用户角色....................................................................................................................................................................958
引导加载程序保护........................................................................................................................................................... 959
Linux 管理员用户配置..................................................................................................................................................... 959
AAA 身份验证................................................................................................................................................................... 960
RADIUS 身份验证..............................................................................................................................................................961
RADIUS over TLS 身份验证............................................................................................................................................962
TACACS+ 身份验证......................................................................................................................................................... 963
未知用户角色....................................................................................................................................................................964
SSH 服务器....................................................................................................................................................................... 964
虚拟终端行 ACL............................................................................................................................................................... 965
限制 SNMP 访问.............................................................................................................................................................. 966
启用 AAA 核算.................................................................................................................................................................. 966
启用用户锁定....................................................................................................................................................................967
限制并发登录会话............................................................................................................................................................967
启用登录统计信息........................................................................................................................................................... 968
权限级别............................................................................................................................................................................ 968
配置权限级别..............................................................................................................................................................969
配置启用密码.............................................................................................................................................................. 970
审核日志............................................................................................................................................................................ 970
安全命令............................................................................................................................................................................. 971
aaa accounting..............................................................................................................................................................971
aaa authentication login..............................................................................................................................................972
aaa re-authenticate enable.........................................................................................................................................973
boot protect disable username.................................................................................................................................. 973
boot protect enable username password.................................................................................................................973
clear logging audit........................................................................................................................................................974
crypto ssh-key generate.............................................................................................................................................974
disable........................................................................................................................................................................... 975
enable............................................................................................................................................................................975
enable password priv-lvl............................................................................................................................................. 975
ip access-class............................................................................................................................................................. 976
ip radius source-interface...........................................................................................................................................976
ip tacacs source-interface..........................................................................................................................................977
ipv6 access-class.........................................................................................................................................................977
ip ssh server challenge-response-authentication....................................................................................................978
目录
17
ip ssh server cipher..................................................................................................................................................... 978
ip ssh server enable.....................................................................................................................................................979
ip ssh server hostbased-authentication................................................................................................................... 979
ip ssh server kex..........................................................................................................................................................980
ip ssh server mac.........................................................................................................................................................980
ip ssh server password-authentication..................................................................................................................... 981
ip ssh server port.........................................................................................................................................................982
ip ssh server pubkey-authentication.........................................................................................................................982
ip ssh server vrf...........................................................................................................................................................982
line vty...........................................................................................................................................................................983
logging audit enable.....................................................................................................................................................983
login concurrent-session limit.................................................................................................................................... 983
login-statistics enable................................................................................................................................................. 984
mac address-table static............................................................................................................................................ 984
password-attributes....................................................................................................................................................985
password-attributes max-retry lockout-period.......................................................................................................985
privilege.........................................................................................................................................................................986
radius-server host....................................................................................................................................................... 986
radius-server host tls.................................................................................................................................................. 987
radius-server retransmit.............................................................................................................................................988
radius-server timeout..................................................................................................................................................988
radius-server vrf..........................................................................................................................................................989
service obscure-password......................................................................................................................................... 989
service simple-password............................................................................................................................................ 989
show boot protect...................................................................................................................................................... 990
show crypto ssh-key...................................................................................................................................................990
show ip ssh................................................................................................................................................................... 991
show mac address-table count..................................................................................................................................991
show logging audit...................................................................................................................................................... 992
show login-statistics................................................................................................................................................... 993
show privilege.............................................................................................................................................................. 993
show running-configuration privilege........................................................................................................................994
show users................................................................................................................................................................... 994
system-user linuxadmin disable................................................................................................................................. 994
system-user linuxadmin password............................................................................................................................ 995
tacacs-server host......................................................................................................................................................995
tacacs-server timeout................................................................................................................................................ 996
tacacs-server vrf.........................................................................................................................................................996
username password role.............................................................................................................................................997
username sshkey......................................................................................................................................................... 997
username sshkey filename......................................................................................................................................... 998
userrole inherit............................................................................................................................................................. 999
X.509v3 证书...................................................................................................................................................................1000
X.509v3 概念.............................................................................................................................................................1000
公钥基础设施............................................................................................................................................................ 1000
管理 CA 证书..............................................................................................................................................................1001
证书吊销.....................................................................................................................................................................1003
请求并安装主机证书................................................................................................................................................1004
自签名证书.................................................................................................................................................................1007
安全配置文件............................................................................................................................................................ 1009
18
目录
群集安全......................................................................................................................................................................1010
X.509v3 命令..............................................................................................................................................................1012
示例:使用 X.509v3 证书配置 RADIUS over TLS...............................................................................................1023
19 OpenFlow..............................................................................................................................1025
OpenFlow 逻辑交换机实例........................................................................................................................................... 1026
OpenFlow 控制器............................................................................................................................................................1026
OpenFlow 版本 1.3.......................................................................................................................................................... 1026
端口............................................................................................................................................................................. 1026
流表............................................................................................................................................................................. 1027
组表............................................................................................................................................................................. 1027
计量表......................................................................................................................................................................... 1027
指令............................................................................................................................................................................. 1027
操作集.........................................................................................................................................................................1028
操作类型.....................................................................................................................................................................1028
计数器.........................................................................................................................................................................1028
OpenFlow 协议.......................................................................................................................................................... 1030
OpenFlow 使用案例........................................................................................................................................................1042
配置 OpenFlow................................................................................................................................................................ 1043
建立 TLS 连接............................................................................................................................................................1044
OpenFlow 命令................................................................................................................................................................ 1045
controller.....................................................................................................................................................................1045
dpid-mac-address......................................................................................................................................................1046
in-band-mgmt............................................................................................................................................................ 1046
max-backoff................................................................................................................................................................1047
mode openflow-only.................................................................................................................................................. 1047
openflow......................................................................................................................................................................1047
probe-interval.............................................................................................................................................................1048
protocol-version.........................................................................................................................................................1048
rate-limit packet_in....................................................................................................................................................1049
show openflow...........................................................................................................................................................1050
show openflow flows................................................................................................................................................ 1050
show openflow ports................................................................................................................................................. 1051
show openflow switch.............................................................................................................................................. 1052
show openflow switch controllers...........................................................................................................................1053
switch..........................................................................................................................................................................1054
仅限 OpenFlow 模式的命令.......................................................................................................................................... 1054
20 访问控制列表......................................................................................................................... 1057
IP ACL............................................................................................................................................................................... 1057
MAC ACL..........................................................................................................................................................................1057
控制平面 ACL..................................................................................................................................................................1058
控制平面 ACL 限定符...............................................................................................................................................1058
IP 片段处理......................................................................................................................................................................1059
L3 ACL 规则.....................................................................................................................................................................1060
为筛选器分配序列号......................................................................................................................................................1060
删除 ACL 规则..................................................................................................................................................................1061
L2 和 L3 ACL....................................................................................................................................................................1062
分配和应用 ACL 筛选器................................................................................................................................................ 1062
目录
19
入口 ACL 筛选器.............................................................................................................................................................1063
出口 ACL 筛选器.............................................................................................................................................................1063
VTY ACL........................................................................................................................................................................... 1064
SNMP ACL....................................................................................................................................................................... 1064
清除访问列表计数器......................................................................................................................................................1064
IP 前缀列表......................................................................................................................................................................1065
路由映射...........................................................................................................................................................................1065
匹配路由...........................................................................................................................................................................1066
设置条件...........................................................................................................................................................................1067
Continue 子句.................................................................................................................................................................. 1068
基于 ACL 流的监控.........................................................................................................................................................1068
启用基于流的监控..........................................................................................................................................................1069
查看 ACL 表利用率报告................................................................................................................................................ 1070
已知行为......................................................................................................................................................................1071
ACL 日志记录................................................................................................................................................................... 1071
重要事项..................................................................................................................................................................... 1072
ACL 命令...........................................................................................................................................................................1072
clear ip access-list counters..................................................................................................................................... 1072
clear ipv6 access-list counters.................................................................................................................................1072
clear mac access-list counters.................................................................................................................................1073
deny............................................................................................................................................................................. 1073
deny (IPv6)................................................................................................................................................................. 1074
deny (MAC)................................................................................................................................................................1075
deny icmp....................................................................................................................................................................1075
deny icmp (IPv6)........................................................................................................................................................1076
deny ip......................................................................................................................................................................... 1076
deny ipv6.....................................................................................................................................................................1077
deny tcp.......................................................................................................................................................................1077
deny tcp (IPv6).......................................................................................................................................................... 1078
deny udp......................................................................................................................................................................1079
deny udp (IPv6)......................................................................................................................................................... 1080
description.................................................................................................................................................................. 1080
ip access-group...........................................................................................................................................................1081
ip access-list................................................................................................................................................................1081
ip as-path access-list.................................................................................................................................................1082
ip community-list standard deny..............................................................................................................................1082
ip community–list standard permit.......................................................................................................................... 1083
ip extcommunity-list standard deny........................................................................................................................ 1083
ip extcommunity-list standard permit..................................................................................................................... 1083
ip prefix-list description.............................................................................................................................................1084
ip prefix-list deny........................................................................................................................................................1084
ip prefix-list permit.....................................................................................................................................................1085
ip prefix-list seq deny................................................................................................................................................ 1085
ip prefix-list seq permit..............................................................................................................................................1085
ipv6 access-group..................................................................................................................................................... 1086
ipv6 access-list...........................................................................................................................................................1086
ipv6 prefix-list deny................................................................................................................................................... 1087
ipv6 prefix-list description.........................................................................................................................................1087
ipv6 prefix-list permit.................................................................................................................................................1087
20
目录
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