ArcGIS Android SDK 100.2.1全指南：从入门到高级功能

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本资源是一份详细的ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android的教程指南，版本为100.2.1，涵盖了2022年的最新内容。这份文档旨在帮助开发者入门并深入理解如何利用ArcGIS Android SDK构建功能丰富的地图应用，无论是2D还是3D场景。首先，文档从安装SDK开始，介绍了如何在项目中集成和配置，确保开发者能顺利启动开发过程。对于从旧版本（如10.2.x）升级的开发者，指南提供了详细的迁移步骤，帮助他们适应新版本的变化。接下来，教程分为两个部分：地图应用开发和场景（3D）应用开发。对于Java开发者，从第10节开始，作者指导如何用Java语言编写第一个地图应用，包括创建地图、添加离线支持、处理地图层与表格以及显示和操作地图上的符号和渲染器。这部分内容强调了基础地理信息处理和地图展示的核心概念。 Kotlin开发者则可以从第14节开始，学习如何使用更现代的Kotlin语言实现类似的功能。这部分展示了语言特性和库的结合，使开发者能够更高效地开发。在工作与地图（2D）部分，开发者可以学习如何动态加载资源、创建和保存地图，以及离线地图和图层的操作。此外，教程还覆盖了地图视图的导航、添加图形和文本叠加，军事符号的显示，电子海图的集成，以及网格数据的展示。场景（3D）部分更为详尽，涵盖了3D地图的显示、导航、添加3D元素（如地形、建筑物等）、以及实时跟踪和显示设备位置的功能。开发者可以通过教程学习如何在3D视图中搜索和识别特定位置，以及如何在场景中显示特定信息。搜索功能是文档的重要一环，包括点选识别、地理编码（查找地址）以及关联特征搜索，这些都是构建实用地图应用时必不可少的交互元素。这份教程是ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android的完整指南，无论你是经验丰富的开发者还是初学者，都能从中找到所需的技术细节和实例，以便快速上手并创建出高效、功能强大的地理信息应用。

Add the ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android AAR dependency

Here you'll update the gradle build script to add the ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android dependency to your app module. This will

automatically download the Android Archive (AAR) package from the Esri public Bintray Maven repository when you build your app.

Android is a permissions-separated operating system. You'll also add permissions for the functionality your app requires.

1. In the Android project view window, under Gradle Scripts, double-click build.gradle (Project: <project name>).

This opens the top-level build file that applies to all modules in your project. If you are unfamiliar with the Gradle build system,

see Build System Overview.

2. In the allprojects/repositories block of the script, add a new maven block as shown, with a value url

'https://esri.bintray.com/arcgis'. The full section should now look like the code below:

allprojects {

repositories {

google()

jcenter()

// Add the Esri public Bintray Maven repository

maven {

url 'https://esri.bintray.com/arcgis'

}

This directive tells Gradle where to look for the ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android dependencies, by specifying a Maven repository

URL.

3. In the Android project view window, under Gradle Scripts, double-click build.gradle (Module: <module name>).

This opens the module-level build file that applies to the single application module in your project. If you are unfamiliar with the

Gradle build system, see Build System Overview.

4. In the dependencies block of the script, add a new line "implementation 'com.esri.arcgisruntime:arcgis-android:100.2.1'". The

dependencies block should now look like the code below—the exact list of dependencies present will depend on the version of

Android Studio and the project settings chosen:

dependencies {

implementation 'com.esri.arcgisruntime:arcgis-android:100.2.1'

implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])

[more dependencies...]

}

(Prior to Android Studio version 3.0, you would have used a compile value instead of implementation.)

5. In the Android Studio toolbar, click Sync Project with Gradle Files. Alternatively, when you see the Gradle files have changed

since last project sync message at the top of the gradle script window, click Sync Now.

6. In the Android project view window, under app > manifests, double-click AndroidManifest.xml.

This opens the manifest file for your app.

7. Add the following XML elements as children of the existing manifest:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

<uses-feature android:glEsVersion="0x00020000" android:required="true" />

This informs the Android launcher that your app requires permission to access the Internet. If an app is running on Android API

level 23 or above, normal permissions are requested at install time—internet access is a normal permission, so no additional

work is required to enable this permission. It also indicates that your app requires the OpenGL version 2.0 software feature for

the app to run and display a map view. Most apps you develop with the ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android will need this feature

and a minimum of this permission. For more information, see the Android Developers topics Android Permissions and Uses

Feature Element.

You've added a dependency to the ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android AAR to your app module. Next, you'll add a map showing a map

service to the app and set up an initial extent for that map.

Add a MapView to your layout

Now that you've created an app with an ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android AAR dependency, the next step is to add a MapView to the

activity layout.

ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android

1. In the Android project view window, under app, click res > layout, then double-click activity_main.xml.

This opens the Preview view of the central content for the main activity layout. Note that depending on the exact Android Studio

version you are using and the initial activity template you chose, the project may contain multiple layout XML files—for example if

you chose the Basic Activity template, you may need to instead open the content_main.xml layout.

2. At the lower left of the window, click Text to show the XML view of the layout if it's not already shown.

By default, there are two tags in the layout XML file.

• The first is an Android ConstraintLayout. This is a view that can show other views inside itself. It arranges its children

views relative to each other. For more information, see the Constraint Layout and User Interface documentation from

Google.

• The second is a TextView, a child of the constraint layout, displaying the text "Hello world!".

3. Select the entire TextView XML element and replace it with a MapView element as follows:

<com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView

android:id="@+id/mapView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" >

</com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView>

For a more comprehensive understanding of the declarative approach to user interface (UI) design, see Declaring Layout. Additionally,

there are different types of layout constraint attributes that are commonly used with the ConstraintLayout; refer to the Constraint

Layout documentation for more information.

Set a map on the MapView

By default, a MapView does not display anything, so the next step is to define a map to be displayed. You will specify that the map shows

a worldwide topographic basemap from ArcGIS Online. As it's often more useful for an app to initially display a specific region rather than

its entire extent, you'll also set the map to zoom in to a specific center point—showing the Esri campus in Redlands, California.

1. In the Android project view window, under app, click java > [package name], and double-click MainActivity.

This opens the Kotlin code defining the default activity of your app. (Kotlin code is still contained in a subfolder of a java folder).

2. Add the following code to the onCreate method, after the existing call to setContentView:

// create a map with the BasemapType topographic

val map = ArcGISMap(Basemap.Type.TOPOGRAPHIC, 34.056295, -117.195800, 16)

This code creates an ArcGISMap with a specific predefined Basemap.Type displaying a general-use topographic map,

centered at a specific set of coordinates, and zoomed to a specific level of detail.

3. Android Studio will highlight in red the ArcGISMap and Basemap classes, which must be imported into the activity class. Place

the pointer on the ArcGISMap text highlighted in red and press Alt+Enter to resolve the symbol. Choose import. Repeat this

step to import Basemap.

You should now have the following import statements at the top of your class.

import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.ArcGISMap

import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.Basemap

4. Add the following code to the onCreate method, after the previous line you added:

// set the map to be displayed in the layout's MapView

mapView.map = map

This code sets the ArcGISMap you created into the MapView you defined in the layout.

5. Android Studio will highlight mapView. Place the pointer on mapView and press Alt+Enter to resolve the symbol. This time you

should see more than one option to import. Choose kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.mapView.

The kotlin android extensions plugin (part of your project by default when you add Kotlin support) generates synthetic properties,

so you can access views in the layout XML as if they were properties of the class. Android Studio will import all of the named

views in the layout by adding a general import.

import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

6. Add the following methods to the MainActivity class, to override the onPause and onResume methods inherited from the

parent activity class, and pause and resume the MapView when those methods are called:

ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android

Maps (2D)

A map can tell a story, present an idea, or showcase a situation. It can help you do hundreds of things, from finding the nearest hospital to

viewing earthquake events in relation to high-population areas.

Unlike most maps, ArcGIS maps have many additional capabilities. They can contain data organized by layers and can contain analysis

capabilities that let you reveal patterns and solve many types of problems. For example, an ArcGIS map can show your fleet of trucks as

they move around an area and it can optimize their routes to maximize the fleet's efficiency.

A map is typically composed of a basemap that provides geographic context and operational layers that contain the salient content of the

map. You can use your own data, Esri's data, or both in your app's map. In ArcGIS Runtime apps, a map can be used in conjunction with

a map view to visualize this geographic data on a screen. In this context a map represents the model tier in an MVC architecture, and a

map view represents the view tier:

• A map specifies where the geographic content (data) comes from and how it's organized (what layers it has, what bookmarks,

initial viewpoint, and so on). Content in the layers may come from a variety of map sources, including from online sources or from

local data stores, such as a feature table in a mobile geodatabase or data from a mobile map package. For more information on

the data and layer types you can include in a map, see Layers and tables.

• A map view renders the map's content and controls how users navigate and interact with the map. Operations such as rotation,

panning, and zooming allow the user to change their viewpoint of the map. A map view can have graphic overlays for displaying

graphics over the map, such as the results from a query or analysis. A map view translates display coordinates to map coordinates

so your app can associate user interactions with map coordinates.

ArcGIS Runtime provides map and map view objects that you can use to build new maps, display maps, save maps and share maps. Also

see the API reference.

Note: • When you view or analyze spatial data from different layers or map sources in your

map, you may need to consider their spatial reference. For details, see Spatial

references.

• Objects that can be symbolized on your map can come from persisted data (feature

data, such as roads and parcels in a geodatabase) and transient data (graphics, such

as data coming through a web socket). For details, see Features and graphics, and

Symbols and renderers.

ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android

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