蓝牙低功耗技术详解：开发者手册

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"《Bluetooth Low Energy》The Developer’s Handbook 是一本由蓝牙4.0标准的主要制定者Robin Heydon编写的书籍，中文版名为《低功耗蓝牙权威指南》。本书专注于蓝牙低功耗技术（BLE），是软件开发人员、硬件工程师和物联网(IoT)从业者了解和应用该技术的重要参考文献。" 蓝牙低功耗（Bluetooth Low Energy，简称BLE或Bluetooth LE）是一种无线通信技术，设计用于减少设备间的功耗并实现短距离、高效的数据传输。在物联网领域，BLE因其低功耗特性而广泛应用于可穿戴设备、智能家居、健康监测和传感器网络等场景。本书深入探讨了以下关键知识点： 1. **BLE协议栈**：BLE协议栈基于蓝牙核心规范，包括连接层、逻辑链路控制与适配协议(L2CAP)、服务发现协议(SDP)、通用属性配置文件(GATT)等。书中详细阐述了这些协议的作用和工作原理。 2. **BLE设备角色**：BLE设备可以是中央设备(Central)或外围设备(Peripheral)，中央设备通常为主动发起连接的角色，而外围设备则是等待被连接的角色。书中将解释如何实现这两种角色以及它们之间的交互。 3. **GATT服务与特性**：BLE的核心在于服务和特性的概念，服务是一组相关特性的集合，特性则包含了设备可以读取、写入或通知的数据。作者会详细介绍如何定义和实现自定义服务和特性。 4. **安全与隐私**：BLE提供了安全措施，如加密、身份验证和授权，以保护数据的安全。同时，BLE还考虑了用户的隐私，例如随机地址的使用。书中会涵盖这些安全机制及其实施方法。 5. **开发工具与平台**：介绍如何使用开发板、SDK、IDE和其他工具进行BLE应用程序的开发，可能涉及iOS、Android、Windows以及嵌入式系统的平台差异和兼容性问题。 6. **能量优化**：由于BLE的低功耗特性，书中将讲解如何最大限度地减少能源消耗，包括连接策略、数据传输效率和睡眠模式的利用。 7. **应用案例**：通过实际应用场景，如智能手表、运动追踪器和环境监测，展示BLE技术如何解决实际问题并提高用户体验。 8. **批量购买与定制**：提及出版商提供批量购买和特殊销售的服务，包括电子版本和定制封面及内容，以适应不同业务需求和品牌推广。通过阅读这本书，读者不仅能理解BLE技术的基础知识，还能掌握实际开发BLE应用所需的技能，从而在物联网世界中充分发挥BLE的优势。对于希望深入理解或应用BLE技术的人来说，这是一本不可多得的参考资料。

Preface

Sometimes, once in a lifetime, a new technology comes along that changes the world; for example,

AM radio, television, and wireless Internet. Bluetooth low energy is at the cusp of the next revolution

in wireless technology: a technology that can be embedded in products because it uses so little power

that it can be designed around a small battery that lasts for years.

This book explains how this technology came about, why it was designed the way it has been

designed, and how it works. It is written by one of the leading experts on Bluetooth low energy,

Robin Heydon, who has been involved in creating the specifications, interoperability testing, and

training.

This book is for anyone who is thinking about developing a product that incorporates Bluetooth

low energy, whether you are an engineer, an application developer, a designer, or you’re in

marketing.

For engineers, the book covers the details of how the complete system works, from the physical

radio waves up to the discovery of, connection with, and interface provided by that device.

For application developers, this book provides an understanding of the constraints imposed by

Bluetooth low energy on applications. It also presents a thorough description of the design goals and

implementation of these requirements.

For designers, the information contained herein will allow you to appreciate the particular

problems with designing Bluetooth low energy wireless products, from how the product might need to

work and how big a battery might be required to implement your ideas.

For everyone else, the book provides the background of why Bluetooth low energy was designed,

the design goals it tried to achieve, and how you can take something that radically changes the way

you can think of wireless technology and implement it in everything else.

The book is split into four parts:

Part I provides an overview of the technology, the basic concepts that guided the development of

Bluetooth low energy, the architecture of the system from the radio through the various protocol

layers up to the application layers, and finally, the new usage models that this new technology

enables.

The second part goes into detail on how the radio chip—called a controller—functions. This is the

silicon chip that product designers need to incorporate into their end products. This part also covers

the radio, Direct Test Mode, and the Link Layer. In addition, it shows how to interact with the

controller from the upper-layer stack, called a host.

Part III goes into detail of how the host (the software stack) works. It covers the concepts and

details behind the main protocol used to expose attributes of a device. It also covers the security

models and how to make connections and bonds, or associate, two devices with one another.

In Part IV, you wrap up all the details by looking at the design considerations that a product or

application developer needs to consider. It starts by looking at the issues involving central devices.

Next, it looks at issues related to peripheral devices. Finally, it considers the entire problem

surrounding testing and qualification, typically the final part of any product that will be taken to

market.

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