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首页MySQL5.6参考手册:功能、优化与连接器指南
“MySQL5.6参考手册”
MySQL5.6参考手册是一部全面记录MySQL5.6版本的官方文档,涵盖了从5.6.0到5.6.8的所有更新和特性。MySQL Cluster在MySQL5.6中未被支持,用户需查阅MySQL Cluster NDB 7.2的相关资料获取相关信息。
此手册特别指出,其中描述的一些特性并非每个MySQL5.6的发行版都包含,具体包含哪些特性取决于你的许可证协议。如果你对你的MySQL5.6版本包含的功能有疑问,应查阅你的许可证协议或咨询Oracle的销售代表。
手册的生成日期为2012年10月6日,修订号为32494。文档提供了法律信息,可参阅“Legal Notices”。
手册内容广泛,包括以下几个主要部分:
1. 通用:这部分内容适用于所有平台,包括Linux/Unix、MacOSX和Windows,介绍了MySQL的基础知识。
2. 安装:详细说明了在不同操作系统上的安装过程,如Linux/Unix、MacOSX和Windows。
3. 管理员与开发者:针对数据库管理员和开发者的工具和指南,如MySQL Workbench,以及服务器管理和升级。
4. 功能:涵盖MySQL5.6的各种功能,包括函数、操作符、全球化、优化、分区等。
5. 连接器:如Connector/J和Connector/ODBC,这些是用于连接MySQL数据库的接口。
6. 高可用性与可扩展性:讨论了如何提高MySQL的稳定性和扩展性,如MySQL与DRBD的集成,以及memcached的使用。
7. SQL语法:详细解析了MySQL的SQL语言结构和语句。
手册还提供了教程,帮助初学者快速上手。对于安全性问题,手册也提供了相应的指导和建议。
MySQL5.6参考手册是MySQL5.6用户和开发者的重要参考资料,无论你是新手还是经验丰富的专业人士,都能从中找到你需要的信息,以更好地理解和利用MySQL5.6的各项功能。
MySQL 5.6 Reference Manual
xvi
Connector/ODBC Versions ...................................................................................... 2206
Connector/ODBC Introduction .................................................................................. 2207
Connector/ODBC Installation ................................................................................... 2210
Configuring Connector/ODBC .................................................................................. 2220
Connector/ODBC Examples .................................................................................... 2240
Connector/ODBC Reference .................................................................................... 2266
Connector/ODBC Notes and Tips ............................................................................ 2272
Connector/ODBC Support ....................................................................................... 2282
MySQL Connector/Net .................................................................................................... 2284
Connector/Net Versions .......................................................................................... 2284
Installing Connector/Net .......................................................................................... 2286
Connector/Net Visual Studio Integration ................................................................... 2294
Connector/Net Tutorials .......................................................................................... 2331
Connector/Net Programming ................................................................................... 2378
Connector/Net Connection String Options Reference ................................................ 2415
Connector/Net API Reference ................................................................................. 2421
Connector/Net Support ............................................................................................ 2525
Connector/Net FAQ ................................................................................................ 2526
MySQL Connector/J ........................................................................................................ 2527
Overview of MySQL Connector/J ............................................................................. 2527
Connector/J Versions .............................................................................................. 2528
Connector/J Installation ........................................................................................... 2529
Connector/J Examples ............................................................................................ 2533
Connector/J (JDBC) Reference ............................................................................... 2534
JDBC Concepts ...................................................................................................... 2566
Connection Pooling with Connector/J ....................................................................... 2575
Load Balancing with Connector/J ............................................................................. 2579
Failover with Connector/J ........................................................................................ 2581
Using the Connector/J Interceptor Classes ............................................................... 2582
Using Connector/J with Tomcat ............................................................................... 2583
Using Connector/J with JBoss ................................................................................. 2584
Using Connector/J with Spring ................................................................................ 2585
Using Connector/J with GlassFish ........................................................................... 2589
Troubleshooting Connector/J Applications ................................................................ 2595
Connector/J Support ............................................................................................... 2603
MySQL Connector/C++ ................................................................................................... 2604
Installing the MySQL Connector/C++ Binary ............................................................. 2607
Installing MySQL Connector/C++ from Source .......................................................... 2610
MySQL Connector/C++ Building Windows Applications with Microsoft Visual Studio .... 2615
MySQL Connector/C++ Building Linux Applications with NetBeans ............................ 2627
MySQL Connector/C++ Getting Started: Usage Examples ......................................... 2632
MySQL Connector/C++ Tutorials ............................................................................. 2638
MySQL Connector/C++ Debug Tracing .................................................................... 2645
MySQL Connector/C++ Usage Notes ....................................................................... 2646
MySQL Connector/C++ Known Bugs and Issues ...................................................... 2650
MySQL Connector/C++ Feature requests ................................................................. 2650
MySQL Connector/C++ Support .............................................................................. 2651
.............................................................................................................................. 2651
MySQL Connector/C ....................................................................................................... 2651
Building MySQL Connector/C from the Source Code ................................................ 2652
Testing MySQL Connector/C ................................................................................... 2654
MySQL Connector/C FAQ ....................................................................................... 2654
MySQL Connector/Python ............................................................................................... 2655
Guidelines for Python Developers ............................................................................ 2656
Connector/Python Versions ..................................................................................... 2657
Connector/Python Installation .................................................................................. 2657
Connector/Python Coding Examples ........................................................................ 2659
Connector/Python Tutorials ..................................................................................... 2664
MySQL 5.6 Reference Manual
xvii
Connector/Python Connection Arguments ................................................................ 2665
Connector/Python API Reference ............................................................................ 2667
Connector/Python FAQ ........................................................................................... 2685
MySQL Connector/OpenOffice.org ................................................................................... 2685
Installation .............................................................................................................. 2686
Getting Started: Connecting to MySQL .................................................................... 2686
Getting Started: Usage Examples ............................................................................ 2691
References ............................................................................................................. 2691
Known Bugs ........................................................................................................... 2691
Contact .................................................................................................................. 2691
libmysqld, the Embedded MySQL Server Library .............................................................. 2691
Compiling Programs with libmysqld ..................................................................... 2692
Restrictions When Using the Embedded MySQL Server ............................................ 2693
Options with the Embedded Server ......................................................................... 2693
Embedded Server Examples ................................................................................... 2693
MySQL C API ................................................................................................................ 2696
C API Data Structures ............................................................................................ 2697
C API Function Overview ........................................................................................ 2702
C API Function Descriptions ................................................................................... 2706
C API Prepared Statements .................................................................................... 2756
C API Prepared Statement Data Structures .............................................................. 2757
C API Prepared Statement Function Overview ......................................................... 2763
C API Prepared Statement Function Descriptions ..................................................... 2766
C API Threaded Function Descriptions .................................................................... 2788
C API Embedded Server Function Descriptions ........................................................ 2789
C API Client Plugin Functions ................................................................................. 2790
Common Questions and Problems When Using the C API ........................................ 2792
Controlling Automatic Reconnection Behavior ........................................................... 2794
C API Support for Multiple Statement Execution ....................................................... 2795
C API Prepared Statement Problems ....................................................................... 2797
C API Prepared Statement Handling of Date and Time Values .................................. 2797
C API Support for Prepared CALL Statements .......................................................... 2799
Building Client Programs ......................................................................................... 2802
MySQL PHP API ............................................................................................................ 2805
Overview of the MySQL PHP drivers ....................................................................... 2806
Original MySQL API (Mysql) .................................................................................. 2812
MySQL Improved Extension (Mysqli) ..................................................................... 2881
MySQL Functions (PDO_MYSQL) (MySQL (PDO)) .................................................. 3094
MySQL Native Driver (Mysqlnd) ............................................................................. 3098
Mysqlnd replication and load balancing plugin (mysqlnd_ms) ................................... 3129
Mysqlnd query result cache plugin (mysqlnd_qc) .................................................... 3221
Mysqlnd user handler plugin (mysqlnd_uh) ............................................................. 3272
Mysqlnd connection multiplexing plugin (mysqlnd_mux) ........................................... 3355
Connector/PHP ....................................................................................................... 3359
Common Problems with MySQL and PHP ............................................................... 3359
Enabling Both mysql and mysqli in PHP ............................................................... 3359
MySQL Perl API ............................................................................................................. 3360
MySQL Python API ......................................................................................................... 3361
MySQL Ruby APIs ......................................................................................................... 3361
The MySQL/Ruby API ............................................................................................. 3361
The Ruby/MySQL API ............................................................................................. 3361
MySQL Tcl API .............................................................................................................. 3361
MySQL Eiffel Wrapper .................................................................................................... 3361
22. Extending MySQL ............................................................................................................. 3363
MySQL Internals ............................................................................................................. 3363
MySQL Threads ..................................................................................................... 3363
The MySQL Test Suite ........................................................................................... 3364
The MySQL Plugin API ................................................................................................... 3365
MySQL 5.6 Reference Manual
xviii
Plugin API Characteristics ....................................................................................... 3365
Plugin API Components .......................................................................................... 3366
Types of Plugins ..................................................................................................... 3367
Writing Plugins ....................................................................................................... 3370
MySQL Services for Plugins .................................................................................... 3410
Adding New Functions to MySQL .................................................................................... 3411
Features of the User-Defined Function Interface ....................................................... 3412
Adding a New User-Defined Function ...................................................................... 3412
Adding a New Native Function ................................................................................ 3421
Debugging and Porting MySQL ....................................................................................... 3423
Debugging a MySQL Server ................................................................................... 3423
Debugging a MySQL Client ..................................................................................... 3430
The DBUG Package ............................................................................................... 3430
23. MySQL Enterprise Monitor ................................................................................................ 3433
24. MySQL Enterprise Backup ................................................................................................ 3435
25. MySQL Workbench ........................................................................................................... 3437
26. MySQL for Excel .............................................................................................................. 3439
Installing and Configuring ................................................................................................ 3439
Edit MySQL Data ........................................................................................................... 3439
Import MySQL Data ........................................................................................................ 3440
Append MySQL Data ...................................................................................................... 3442
A. Licenses for Third-Party Components .................................................................................. 3445
Ant-Contrib License ........................................................................................................ 3448
ANTLR 3.3 License ........................................................................................................ 3448
Boost Library License ..................................................................................................... 3449
dtoa.c License ............................................................................................................. 3449
Editline Library (libedit) License .................................................................................. 3450
Facebook Fast Checksum Patch License ......................................................................... 3452
Facebook Patches License ............................................................................................. 3453
FindGTest.cmake License ........................................................................................... 3454
Fred Fish's Dbug Library License .................................................................................... 3454
getarg License ............................................................................................................. 3455
GLib License (for MySQL Proxy) ..................................................................................... 3456
GNU General Public License Version 2.0, June 1991 ....................................................... 3456
GNU General Public License Version 3.0, 29 June 2007 and GCC Runtime Library
Exception Version 3.1, 31 March 2009 ............................................................................ 3461
GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1, February 1999 ....................................... 3472
GNU Libtool License ....................................................................................................... 3479
GNU Readline License ................................................................................................... 3480
GNU Standard C++ Library (libstdc++) License ................................................................ 3481
Google Controlling Master Thread I/O Rate Patch License ................................................ 3482
Google Perftools (TCMalloc utility) License ...................................................................... 3482
Google SMP Patch License ............................................................................................ 3483
lib_sql.cc License ..................................................................................................... 3483
Libaio License ................................................................................................................ 3484
libevent License ......................................................................................................... 3484
Libiconv License ............................................................................................................. 3486
libintl License ........................................................................................................... 3486
Linux-PAM License ......................................................................................................... 3487
LPeg Library License ...................................................................................................... 3487
Lua (liblua) License ........................................................................................................ 3488
LuaFileSystem Library License .................................................................................... 3488
md5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5) License ..................................................................... 3488
memcached License ....................................................................................................... 3489
mkpasswd.pl License ................................................................................................... 3489
nt_servc (Windows NT Service class library) License ........................................................ 3493
OpenPAM License .......................................................................................................... 3493
OpenSSL v1.0 License ................................................................................................... 3493
MySQL 5.6 Reference Manual
xix
PCRE License ................................................................................................................ 3495
Percona Multiple I/O Threads Patch License .................................................................... 3496
Red HAT RPM Spec File License ................................................................................... 3496
RegEX-Spencer Library License ...................................................................................... 3497
RFC 3174 - US Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1) License ................................................ 3497
Richard A. O'Keefe String Library License ....................................................................... 3498
SHA-1 in C License ........................................................................................................ 3498
Simple Logging Facade for Java (SLF4J) License ............................................................ 3498
Unicode Data Files ......................................................................................................... 3499
zlib License ................................................................................................................. 3499
ZLIB.NET License ........................................................................................................... 3500
B. MySQL 5.6 Frequently Asked Questions ............................................................................. 3501
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: General ............................................................................................... 3501
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Storage Engines .................................................................................. 3503
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Server SQL Mode ................................................................................ 3504
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Stored Procedures and Functions ......................................................... 3505
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Triggers ............................................................................................... 3509
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Views .................................................................................................. 3511
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: INFORMATION_SCHEMA ....................................................................... 3512
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Migration ............................................................................................. 3513
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Security ............................................................................................... 3513
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: MySQL Cluster .................................................................................... 3514
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: MySQL Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Character Sets ......................... 3515
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Connectors & APIs .............................................................................. 3526
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: Replication .......................................................................................... 3527
MySQL 5.6 FAQ: MySQL, DRBD, and Heartbeat ............................................................. 3531
Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD) ............................................................ 3531
Linux Heartbeat ...................................................................................................... 3531
DRBD Architecture ................................................................................................. 3532
DRBD and MySQL Replication ................................................................................ 3533
DRBD and File Systems ......................................................................................... 3534
DRBD and LVM ..................................................................................................... 3534
DRBD and Virtualization ......................................................................................... 3535
DRBD and Security ................................................................................................ 3535
DRBD and System Requirements ............................................................................ 3536
DRBD and Support and Consulting ......................................................................... 3537
C. Errors, Error Codes, and Common Problems ....................................................................... 3539
Sources of Error Information ........................................................................................... 3539
Types of Error Values ..................................................................................................... 3539
Server Error Codes and Messages .................................................................................. 3540
Client Error Codes and Messages ................................................................................... 3595
Problems and Common Errors ........................................................................................ 3599
How to Determine What Is Causing a Problem ......................................................... 3599
Common Errors When Using MySQL Programs ....................................................... 3600
Installation-Related Issues ....................................................................................... 3613
Administration-Related Issues .................................................................................. 3613
Query-Related Issues ............................................................................................. 3620
Optimizer-Related Issues ........................................................................................ 3626
Table Definition-Related Issues ............................................................................... 3627
Known Issues in MySQL ......................................................................................... 3628
D. MySQL Change History ...................................................................................................... 3631
Changes in Release 5.6.x (Development) ........................................................................ 3632
Changes in MySQL 5.6.8 (Not yet released) ............................................................ 3632
Changes in MySQL 5.6.7 (2012-09-29, Release Candidate) ...................................... 3635
Changes in MySQL 5.6.6 (2012-08-07, Milestone 9) ................................................. 3645
Changes in MySQL 5.6.5 (2012-04-10, Milestone 8) ................................................. 3665
Changes in MySQL 5.6.4 (2011-12-20, Milestone 7) ................................................. 3679
Changes in MySQL 5.6.3 (2011-10-03, Milestone 6) ................................................. 3691
MySQL 5.6 Reference Manual
xx
Changes in MySQL 5.6.2 (2011-04-11) .................................................................... 3711
Changes in MySQL 5.6.1 (Not released, Milestone 5) ............................................... 3722
Changes in MySQL 5.6.0 (Not released, Milestone 4) ............................................... 3730
MySQL Connector/ODBC (MyODBC) Change History ...................................................... 3734
Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC Version 5.2.x ................................................. 3734
Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC Version 5.1.x ................................................. 3734
Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC Version 5.0.x ................................................. 3745
Changes in MySQL Connector/ODBC Version 3.51.x ................................................ 3750
MySQL Connector/Net Change History ............................................................................ 3760
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 6.6.x ...................................................... 3760
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 6.5.x ...................................................... 3762
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 6.4.x ...................................................... 3765
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 6.3.x ...................................................... 3767
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 6.2.x ...................................................... 3778
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 6.1.x ...................................................... 3787
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 6.0.x ...................................................... 3796
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 5.3.x ...................................................... 3806
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 5.2.x ...................................................... 3806
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 5.1.x ...................................................... 3813
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 5.0.x ...................................................... 3818
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 1.0.x ...................................................... 3824
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.9.0 (30 August 2004) ........................... 3831
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.76 ...................................................... 3834
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.75 ...................................................... 3835
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.74 ...................................................... 3836
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.71 ...................................................... 3838
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.70 ...................................................... 3838
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.68 ...................................................... 3840
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.65 ...................................................... 3840
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.60 ...................................................... 3840
Changes in MySQL Connector/Net Version 0.50 ...................................................... 3840
MySQL Visual Studio Plugin Change History .................................................................... 3841
Changes in MySQL Visual Studio Plugin 1.0.3 (Not yet released) .............................. 3841
Changes in MySQL Visual Studio Plugin 1.0.2 (Not yet released) .............................. 3841
Changes in MySQL Visual Studio Plugin 1.0.1 (2006-10-04) ...................................... 3841
Changes in MySQL Visual Studio Plugin 1.0.0 (2006-10-04) ...................................... 3841
MySQL Connector/J Change History ............................................................................... 3841
Changes in MySQL Connector/J 5.1.x ..................................................................... 3841
Changes in MySQL Connector/J 5.0.x ..................................................................... 3864
Changes in MySQL Connector/J 3.1.x ..................................................................... 3875
Changes in MySQL Connector/J 3.0.x ..................................................................... 3895
Changes in MySQL Connector/J 2.0.x ..................................................................... 3908
Changes in MySQL Connector/J 1.2.x and lower ...................................................... 3913
MySQL Connector/C++ Change History ........................................................................... 3917
Changes in MySQL Connector/C++ 1.1.x ................................................................. 3917
Changes in MySQL Connector/C++ 1.0.x ................................................................. 3918
MySQL Proxy Change History ......................................................................................... 3923
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.8.3 (2012-08-20) .......................................................... 3923
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.8.2 (2011-08-18) .......................................................... 3924
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.8.1 (2010-09-13) .......................................................... 3924
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.8.0 (2010-01-21) .......................................................... 3925
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.7.2 (2009-06-30) .......................................................... 3926
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.7.1 (2009-05-15) .......................................................... 3926
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.7.0 (Not Released) ....................................................... 3927
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.6.1 (2008-02-06) .......................................................... 3928
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.6.0 (2007-09-11) .......................................................... 3928
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.5.1 (2007-06-30) .......................................................... 3929
Changes in MySQL Proxy 0.5.0 (2007-06-19) .......................................................... 3929
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