深入理解数字与模拟通信系统原理与应用

数字模拟通信

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《Digital and Analogue Communication Systems 2012》是一本由LEON W. COUCH, II 编著的专业书籍，全面探讨了数字与模拟通信系统的理论和技术。本书旨在为读者提供一个从历史背景、信号类型到现代通信应用的深入理解。以下是各章节的主要知识点概要： 1. 引言部分介绍了通信系统的历史视角，区分了数字和模拟信号源与系统，以及随机和确定性波形的概念。书中强调了书的组织结构，并提及了使用个人计算机和MATLAB工具的重要性，以及通信系统的通用块图示例，包括频率分配和电磁波传播的基本原理。 2. 第二章深入研究了信号和频谱，包括信号的物理特性（如功率、能量和平均值）、傅立叶变换及其应用，如能量谱密度和功率谱密度。还讲解了信号的正交系列表示和线性系统的概念，以及带限信号和采样定理在信号处理中的关键作用。 3. 第三章着重于基带脉冲和数字信号处理，介绍了脉冲幅度调制（PAM）、脉冲编码调制（PCM）和数字信号的表示方式。讨论了噪声对信号的影响，非均匀量化技术如μ-律和A-律压缩，以及差分脉冲编码调制（DPCM）和delta modulation（DM）的应用，以及语音编码等技术。 4. 第四章转向带通信号原则和电路，涉及复杂调制信号的分析，如复杂包络表示，信号谱的评估，以及滤波器、放大器、混频器、解调器等硬件设备的作用。此外，还有相位锁定环、频率合成器、发射机和接收机的设计。 5. 第五章详细讨论了AM、FM和数字调制系统，包括AM广播标准、双边带抑制载波、调相和调频技术，以及多级调制如QAM和OFDM等。章节还包括频分复用和FM立体声的原理。 6. 随后章节深入到随机过程和频谱分析，介绍了随机过程的定义、 stationarity、相关函数和功率谱密度，以及特定随机过程如高斯过程的性质。同时探讨了匹配滤波器和性能评估方法。 7. 在性能部分，本书研究了受噪声干扰的通信系统，计算错误概率、基带和带通系统的误码率，以及各种调制方式如QPSK、OQPSK和GMSK的信号对噪声比。 8. 最后两章涵盖了通信应用，包括电信增长趋势、电话系统（如DSL和ISDN）、卫星通信、光纤光缆系统、移动通信网络，以及电视和无线数据网络的发展，还涉及了MATLAB的使用。整本书涵盖了通信系统设计、信号处理、噪声分析和优化等多个方面，适合于学习通信工程的学生和专业人士参考。通过阅读和实践书中的理论和例子，读者能够掌握数字和模拟通信的关键技术。

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PREFACE

Continuing the tradition of the first through the seventh editions of Digital and Analog

Communication Systems, this eighth edition provides the latest up-to-date treatment of digital

communication systems. It is written as a textbook for junior or senior engineering students

and is also appropriate for an introductory graduate course. It also provides a modern

technical reference for the practicing electrical engineer. A Student Solutions Manual con-

tains detailed solutions for over 100 selected end-of-the-chapter homework problems. For the

selected problems that have computer solutions, MATLAB solution files are available for

downloading from the Web. To download the Student Solutions Manual and the MATLAB

files, go to www.pearsonhighered.com/couch.

One major change for this eighth edition is the addition of more than 100 examples dis-

tributed throughout the chapters of the text. Students are always asking for more examples. Most

of these new examples have a problem description that consists of only a few lines of text. The

solutions for these examples are contained within MATLAB files (downloaded from the Web

site given earlier). These files include the procedure for the solution (as described by comment

lines in the MATLAB program) and produce computed and plotted solutions. This presentation

procedure has several advantages. First, the description for each example takes only a few lines

xiii

in this textbook, so the book will not be extended in length. Second, the student will have the

experience of learning to work with MATLAB (as demonstrated with the example solutions).

Clearly plotted results, which are better than hand calculations, are given. The student can also

vary the parameters in the MATLAB example to discover how the results will be affected. The

author believes that this approach to examples is a great innovative teaching tool.

To learn about communication systems, it is essential to first understand how communica-

tion systems work. Based on the principles of communications that are covered in the first five

chapters of this book (power, frequency spectra, and Fourier analysis), this understanding is

motivated by the use of extensive examples, study-aid problems, and the inclusion of adopted

standards. Especially interesting is the material on wire and wireless communication systems.

Also of importance is the effect of noise on these systems, since, without noise (described by prob-

ability and random processes), one could communicate to the limits of the universe with negligible

transmitted power. In summary, this book covers the essentials needed for the understanding of

wire and wireless communication systems and includes adopted standards. These essentials are

• How communication systems work: Chapters 1 through 5.

• The effect of noise: Chapters 6 and 7.

• Wire and Wireless Communication Applications: Chapter 8.

This book is ideal for either a one-semester or a two-semester course. This book

emphasizes basic material and applications that can be covered in a one-semester course, as

well as the essential material that should be covered for a two-semester course. This emphasis

means that the page count needs to be limited to around 750 pages. For a book with a larger

page count, it is impossible to cover all that additional material, even in a two-semester

course. (Many schools are moving toward one basic course offering in communications.)

Topics such as, coding, wireless signal propagation, WiMAX, and Long Term Evolution

(LTE) of cellular systems are covered in this book. In-depth coverage of important topics such

as these should be done by additional courses with their own textbooks.

For a one-semester course, the basics of how communication systems work may be

taught by using the first five chapters (with selected readings from Chapter 8). For a two-

semester course, the whole book is used.

This book covers practical aspects of communication systems developed from a sound

theoretical basis.

THE THEORETICAL BASIS

• Digital and analog signals

• Magnitude and phase spectra

• Fourier analysis

• Orthogonal function theory

• Power spectral density

• Linear systems

• Nonlinear systems

• Intersymbol interference

• Complex envelopes

• Modulation theory

• Probability and random processes

• Matched filters

• Calculation of SNR

• Calculation of BER

• Optimum systems

• Block and convolutional codes

Prefacexiv

THE PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Preface xv

• PAM, PCM, DPCM, DM, PWM,

and PPM baseband signaling

• OOK, BPSK, QPSK, MPSK, MSK,

OFDM, and QAM bandpass digital

signaling

• AM, DSB-SC, SSB, VSB, PM, and

FM bandpass analog signaling

• Time-division multiplexing and the

standards used

• Digital line codes and spectra

• Circuits used in communication

systems

• Bit, frame, and carrier synchronizers

• Software radios

• Frequency-division multiplexing

and the standards used

• Telecommunication systems

• Telephone systems

• DSL modems

• Digital subscriber lines

• Satellite communication systems

• Satellite radio broadcasting systems

• Effective input-noise temperature

and noise figure

• Link budget analysis

• SNR at the output of analog commu-

nication systems

• BER for digital communication

systems

• Fiber-optic systems

• Spread-spectrum systems

• AMPS, GSM, iDEN, TDMA,

CDMA, WiMAX, and LTE cellular

telephone systems

• Digital and analog television systems

• Technical standards for AM, FM,

TV, DTV, and CATV

• Cable data modems

• Wi-Fi and WiMAX wireless networks

• MATLAB M files on the Web

• Mathematical tables

• Study-aid examples

• Over 100 examples with solutions.

About 80 of these examples include

MATLAB solutions

• Over 550 homework problems with

selected answers

• Over 60 computer-solution home-

work problems

• Extensive references

• Emphasis on the design of commu-

nication systems

• Student Solutions Manual (download)

WHAT’S NEW IN THIS EDITION

• Addition of over 100 examples with solutions that are distributed throughout the

chapters of the book. Most of them have MATLAB computer solutions obtained via

electronic M files which are downloaded free-of-charge from author’s Web site.

• Includes up-to-date descriptions of popular wireless systems, LTE (long-term evolution)

and WiMax 4G cellular systems, and personal communication applications.

• Includes latest updates on digital TV (DTV) technology.

• Brings terminology and standards up-to-date.

• Brings references up-to-date.

• Updates all chapters.

Prefacexvi

• Includes additional and revised homework problems.

• Includes suggestions for obtaining the latest information on applications and standards

by using the appropriate keyword queries on internet search engines, such as Google.

• Continues the emphasis on MATLAB computer solutions to problems. This approach

of using computer solutions is very important in training new communication

engineers. This is one of the very few books that includes the actual electronic files for

MATLAB solutions (available for free downloading from the internet). This is done so

that the reader does not have to spend days in error-prone typing of lines of computer

code that are listed in a textbook.

• Updates all MATLAB files to run on Version R2010b.

• Extends list of Answers to Selected Problems at the end of the book, with MATLAB

solutions if appropriate.

Many of the homework problems are marked with a personal computer symbol, . This

indicates that MATLAB computer solutions are available for this problem.

Homework problems are found at the end of each chapter. Complete solutions for those

marked with a ★, approximately 1/3, are found in the Student Solutions Manual, available

for free download at www.pearsonhighered.com/couch. Student M-files are also available

for download. Complete solutions for all problems, including the computer solution

problems, are given in the Instructor Solutions Manual (available only to instructors from

Pearson/Prentice Hall). These manuals include Acrobat pdf files for the written solutions.

Also, for the problems with computer solutions, MATLAB M files are given. Instructor’s

should contact their local Pearson rep for access.

This book is an outgrowth of my teaching at the University of Florida and is tempered

by my experiences as an amateur radio operator (K4GWQ). I believe that the reader will not

understand the technical material unless he or she works some homework problems.

Consequently, over 550 problems have been included. Some of them are easy, so that the

beginning student will not become frustrated, and some are difficult enough to challenge the

more advanced students. All of the problems are designed to provoke thought about, and

understanding of, communication systems.

I appreciate the help of the many people who have contributed to this book and the

very helpful comments that have been provided by the many reviewers over the years. In

particular, I thank K. R. Rao, University of Texas, Arlington; Jitendra J. Tugnait, Auburn

University; John F. McDonald, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Bruce A. Ferguson, Rose-

Hulman Institute of Technology; Ladimer S. Nagurney, University of Hartford; Jeffrey

Carruthers, Boston University; and Hen-Geul Yeh, California State University, Long

Beach. I also appreciate the help of my colleagues at the University of Florida. I thank

my wife, Dr. Margaret Couch, who typed the original and revised manuscripts and has

proofread all page proofs.

EON W. COUCH,II

Gainesville, Florida

couch@ufl.edu

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