Schlumberger OLGA2015 用户手册：动态多相流模拟

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"olga学习手册.pdf" 《OLGA2015用户手册》是关于动态多相流模拟器的详细指南，主要聚焦于强化学习在石油工程中的应用。OLGA软件由Schlumberger公司开发，是一款强大的多相流模拟工具，广泛用于油气井生产分析和优化。该手册详细介绍了2015.1版本的功能和使用方法。强化学习是一种机器学习的方法，通过与环境的交互来学习最优策略。在这个背景下，OLGA软件利用强化学习的技术来优化油气井的生产过程，例如调整井筒的压力、流量控制和分离设备的操作参数，以实现最大经济效益和效率。手册的目录可能包括以下几个部分： 1. 介绍：对OLGA软件及其在多相流模拟中的作用进行简要概述，强调其在石油工程中的重要性。 2. 软件安装与设置：指导用户如何下载、安装和配置OLGA2015，确保软件运行环境的正确建立。 3. 界面与工作流程：详细介绍OLGA的用户界面，包括各个菜单、工具栏和功能模块，以及如何创建和管理项目。 4. 模型设定：解释如何设置油气井的物理模型，如地质特征、流体性质、井筒结构等，以便进行精确的模拟计算。 5. 强化学习算法：阐述OLGA如何运用强化学习算法，自动学习并优化操作策略，以适应不断变化的井下条件。 6. 案例研究：提供实际的工程案例，展示OLGA在解决复杂问题上的应用，帮助用户理解和掌握软件的使用。 7. 结果解析与后处理：教导用户如何解读模拟结果，进行数据可视化，并进行后期的数据分析和报告生成。 8. 故障排查与常见问题：列出可能出现的问题和解决方案，帮助用户快速解决软件使用过程中遇到的难题。 9. 版权与商标信息：强调手册和软件的版权保护，以及Schlumberger和其他相关公司的商标权益。通过这份手册，用户不仅能了解OLGA的基本操作，还能深入理解强化学习如何在实际工程中提升油气井的性能和产量，从而在石油工程领域实现更高效的工作流程和决策支持。

Introduction

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The .key format is the input file format for the OLGA engine. The OLGA GUI will automatically generate

files in this format (with the extension .genkey). The .key format reflects the network model described in

the simulation model and should be the preferred format.

In addition to the simulation file, OLGA handles input in several other formats as described in Data files.

Simulation description

The input keywords are organised in Logical sections, with Case level at the top, followed by the various

network components and then the connections at the end.

Case level

Case level is defined as the global keywords specified outside of the network components and

connections. The following keywords are available at Case level:

CaseDefinition; Case, Files, Integration, Options, Dtcontrol, Restart, Serveroptions, Udoptions, Scheduler

Library; Material, Wall, Shape, Table, Drillingfluid, Hydratecurve, Timeseries, Tracerfeed, Udphase,

Uddispersion, Udpdf, Centpumpcurve, Reservoirinflow, Particles

Compositional; Compoptions, Feed, Udfeed, Blackoiloptions, Blackoilcomponent, Blackoilfeed,

Singleoptions

FA-models; Wateroptions, Fluid, Slugtuning , Slugtracking

Output; Animate, Output, Trend, Profile, Outputdata, Trenddata, Profiledata, Serverdata, Plot, Xyt

Drilling; Tooljoint

Geometries; Globalgeom

Example - text file structure

Below are examples on how this is given in the genkey file:

CASE PROJECT="OLGA Manual", TITLE="Example case", AUTHOR="Schlumberger"

INTEGRATION STARTTIME=0, ENDTIME=7200, DTSTART=0.1, MINDT=0.1, MAXDT=5

FILES PVTFILE=fluid.tab

MATERIAL LABEL=MAT-1, DENSITY=0.785E+04, CAPACITY=0.5E+03, CONDUCTIVITY=0.5E+02

WALL LABEL=WALL-1, THICKNESS=(0.9000E-02, 0.2E-01), MATERIAL=(MAT-1, MAT-1)

Network components

The network components are the major building blocks in the simulation network.

Each network component is enclosed within start (NETWORKCOMPONENT) and end

(ENDNETWORKCOMPONENT) tags as shown below. Each data group belonging to this network

component will be written within these tags.

NETWORKCOMPONENT TYPE=FlowPath, TAG=FP_BRAN

...

ENDNETWORKCOMPONENT

The following network component keywords can be specified (see links for further details on each

component):

FlowComponent;See "Flowpath" on page 16, See "NODE" on page 18

ProcessEquipment;See "PHASESPLITNODE" on page 18, See "SEPARATOR" on page 18

The OLGA User manual

- 16 -

Controller;See "CONTROLLER" on page 19

ThermalComponent;See "ANNULUS" on page 19, See "FLUIDBUNDLE" on page 19, See

"SOLIDBUNDLE" on page 20

Submodelling; Submodel

UserDefined; Udgroup

Flowpath

Piping

The flowpath can be divided into several pipes, which can have an inclination varying from the other pipes

in the flowpath. Each pipe can again be divided into sections as described above. All sections defined

within the same pipe must have the same diameter and inclination. Each pipe in the system can also have

a pipe wall consisting of layers of different materials.

The following keywords are used for Piping:

BRANCH; Defines geometry and fluid labels.

GEOMETRY; Defines starting point for flowpath.

PIPE; Specifies end point or length and elevation of a pipe. Further discretization, diameter, inner surface

roughness, and wall name are specified.

Example - text file structure

Below are examples on how this is given in the genkey file:

BRANCH LABEL=BRAN-1, GEOMETRY=GEOM-1, FLUID=1

GEOMETRY LABEL=GEOM-1

PIPE LABEL=PIPE-1, DIAMETER=0.12, ROUGHNESS=0.28E-04, NSEGMENT=4, LENGTH=0.4E+03,

ELEVATION=0, WALL=WALL-1

Position

The following keywords are used for Position:

 POSITION; Defined a named position for reference in other keywords

Boundary&Initialconditions

For the solution of the flow equations, all relevant boundary conditions must be specified for all points in

the system where mass flow into or out of the system. Initial conditions at start up and parameters used for

calculating heat transfer must also be specified.

The following keywords are used for Boundary & Initial conditions:

HEATTRANSFER; Definition of the heat transfer parameters.

INITIALCONDITION; Defines initial values for flow, pressure, temperature and holdup.

INITIALCONDITIONS is not required when a steady state calculation is performed.

NEARWELLSOURCE; Defines a near-wellbore source used together with OLGA Rocx.

SOURCE; Defines a mass source with name, position, and data necessary for calculating the mass flow

into or out of the system. The source flow can be given by a time series or determined by a controller.

WELL; Defines a well with name, position and flow characteristics.

ZONE; Defines a reservoir zone with name, position and reference to a reservoir inflow.

Example - text file structure

Below are examples on how this is given in the genkey file:

Introduction

- 17 -

HEATTRANSFER PIPE=ALL, HAMBIENT=6.5, TAMBIENT=6, HMININNERWALL=0.5E+03

SOURCE LABEL=SOUR-1-1, PIPE=1, SECTION=1, TIME=0, TEMPERATURE=62, GASFRACTION=-1,

TOTALWATERFRACTION=-1, PRESSURE=70 bara, DIAMETER=0.12,

SOURCETYPE=PRESSUREDRIVEN

Process Equipment

In order to obtain a realistic simulation of a pipeline system, it is normally required to include some process

equipment in the simulation. OLGA supports a broad range of different types of process equipment, as

shown below.

It should be noted that the steady state preprocessor ignores the process equipment marked with (*) in the

list below.

The following keywords are used for Process equipment:

CHECKVALVE (*); Defines name, position and allowed flow direction for a check valve.

COMPRESSOR (*); Defines name, position and operating characteristics of a compressor.

HEATEXCHANGER; Defines name, position and characteristic data for a heat exchanger.

LOSS; Defines name, position and values for local pressure loss coefficients.

LEAK; Defines the position of a leak in the system with leak area and back pressure. The leak can also be

connected to another flowpath to simulate gas lift etc.

PRESSUREBOOST; Defines name, type and characteristic data for a pump

CENTRIFUGALPUMP; Defines name, type and characteristic data for a pump

ESPUMP(*); Defines name, type and characteristic data for a pump

DISPLACEMENTPUMP; Defines name, type and characteristic data for a pump

ONESUBSEAPUMP; Defines name, type and characteristic data for a pump

BORNEMANNPUMP(*); Defines name, type and characteristic data for a pump

PUMPBATTERY; Defines name, type and characteristic data for a pump

SIMPLIFIEDPUMP Defines name, type and characteristic data for a pump

TRANSMITTER (*); Defines a transmitter position and the variable to be transmitted.

VALVE; Defines name, position and characteristic data for a choke or a valve.

Example - text file structure

Below are examples on how this is given in the genkey file:

VALVE LABEL=CHOKE-1-1, PIPE=PIPE-1, SECTIONBOUNDARY=4, DIAMETER=0.12, CD=0.7,

TIME=0, OPENING=1.0

Output

OLGA provides several output methods for plotting simulation results.

The following keywords are used for Output for Process equipment:

OUTPUT(DATA); Defines variable names, position and time for printed output.

PLOT; Defines variable names and time intervals for writing of data to the OLGA viewer file.

PROFILE(DATA); Defines variable names and time intervals for writing of data to the profile plot file.

TREND(DATA); Defines variable names and time intervals for writing of data to the trend plot file.

SERVERDATA; Defines variable names to be available through server and for interactive plotting.

ANIMATE ; Defines time intervals for given variables to the 3D Plot.

XYT; Defines time intervals of writing data to the XYT file.

Example - text file structure

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