C/C++虚拟机设计与实现

5星 · 超过95%的资源需积分: 0 7 浏览量更新于2024-07-27 2 收藏 4.91MB PDF 举报

"《虚拟机设计与实现：C/C++编程》由Bill Blunden著，是一本深入探讨虚拟计算机系统设计和实现的书籍，主要使用C++编程语言进行阐述。该书包含了参考文献和索引，适合对虚拟计算技术感兴趣的读者和专业开发者阅读。" 在虚拟机设计和实现这一领域，C++是一种常用的语言，因为它的性能强大且具有面向对象的特性，能够高效地创建复杂的软件结构。这本书可能涵盖了以下几个关键知识点： 1. **虚拟机基础**：介绍虚拟机的基本概念，包括它是如何模拟真实计算机硬件的，以及为什么需要虚拟化技术。 2. **虚拟机架构**：详细讲解虚拟机的内部结构，如指令集、内存管理、处理器模拟和中断处理等。 3. **编译器与解释器**：讨论如何将高级语言代码转化为虚拟机可执行的字节码，以及字节码解释器的工作原理。 4. **内存管理**：阐述虚拟机如何分配、管理和回收内存，包括垃圾回收机制和内存优化策略。 5. **并发与多线程**：介绍虚拟机如何支持多个并发执行的线程，以及相关的同步和通信机制。 6. **性能优化**：探讨如何通过优化虚拟机的设计来提高程序的运行效率，减少虚拟化开销。 7. **系统调用和设备模拟**：解释虚拟机如何模拟操作系统服务和硬件设备，以提供与物理机相似的环境。 8. **安全与隔离**：讲述虚拟机如何保证不同虚拟环境之间的安全性和隔离性，防止恶意代码的传播和攻击。 9. **案例研究与应用**：可能包含实际的虚拟机项目案例，如Java虚拟机（JVM）或.NET CLR，分析其设计决策和技术细节。 10. **开发工具与调试**：介绍用于虚拟机开发的工具链，以及如何调试虚拟机中的代码。本书对于想要深入理解虚拟机工作原理、从事虚拟化技术开发或者希望提升C/C++编程能力的读者来说，是一份宝贵的资源。通过学习，读者不仅可以掌握虚拟机设计的技术细节，还能了解到虚拟化技术在现代软件开发和云计算中的重要角色。

into explaining this mechanism. The result is that the student is able to take this basic

understanding and use it as a frame of reference when faced with a new system.

In addition, this book provides a solid explanation of assembly language program

ming. While developing software strictly in assembly language is a poor use of resources,

an in-depth understanding of assembly-level programming offers certain insights into top

ics that cannot really be obtained in any other way. For example, sometimes the only way

to discern the finer details of a compiler’s optimizer is to examine what goes on in the

basement, where the processor executes machine-encoded instructions.

“Pay no attention to that man behind the curtain....”

—Wizard of Oz

My own initial understanding of what Borland’s Turbo C compiler did underneath the

hood was very poor. I usually just wrote my code, invoked the compiler, closed my eyes,

and crossed my fingers. When I felt it was safe, I would open my eyes and peruse the

results. It was only after I started taking a look at Turbo C’s assembly code listings that I

was rewarded with a better grasp of what happened behind the scenes. This, in turn,

allowed me to beat the compiler’s optimizer at its own game on several occasions.

Prerequisites

This book assumes that you are fluent in the C and C++ programming languages. If you

are not familiar with C and C++, and you have any sort of latent interest in systems engi-

neering, I would encourage you to learn these languages as soon as you can. C is the

language of choice for implementing system software. It is both a lightweight and versatile

language which provides access to a number of low-level operations, but also abstracts the

computer’s operation enough to make porting easy.

C++ is an extension of C that allows more complicated problems to be addressed

using what is known as the object-oriented paradigm. C++ is one of the three big

object-oriented languages (Smalltalk, C++, and Java). I mention a couple of books at the

end of this introduction which may be of use to those of you who do not speak C or C++.

Learning C, in particular, is a necessary rite of passage for anyone who wants to do

systems engineering. The primary reason for this is that the Unix operating system has tra

ditionally been implemented in C. The first version of Unix was implemented by Ken

Thompson on a PDP-7 in assembler. After several thousand lines, any assembly program

can become a real challenge to maintain. The fact that Ken was able to pull this off at all is

a testimony to his fortitude as a programmer. Realizing that porting an operating system

written in assembler was no fun, Ken joined heads with Dennis Ritchie and Brian

Kernighan to create C. In 1973, the Unix kernel was rewritten in C for DEC’s renowned

PDP-11. If you think C is an anachronism that has been supplanted by more contemporary

languages, think again. Take a look at the source code for the Linux operating system ker

nel; it’s free, readily available all over the Internet, and almost entirely written in C.

Introduction

Organization

This book examines both the philosophical motivation behind HEC’s architecture and the

actual implementation. In doing so, the design issues that presented themselves will be

dissected and analyzed. I truly believe that a picture is worth a thousand words, so I

included a diagram or illustration whenever I thought it was appropriate. Sections of

source code are also present throughout the text.

This book is divided into three parts.

Part I — Overview The first two chapters lay the foundation for the rest of the book.

Chapter 1 traces the historical development of computing technology and the requirements

that this evolution has produced. In Chapter 1, I also present a set of design objectives that

define the nature of HEC. In Chapter 2, I sketch out the basic facilities available to the HEC

run-time system and the constraints that directed me towards certain solutions.

Part II — The HEC Virtual Machine In Chapters 3 and 4, I explain the operation of the

HEC virtual machine and debugger. The HEC virtual machine is actually much less com-

plicated than the HEC assembler, so these chapters are a good warm-up for later material.

Chapter 3 covers the operation of the HEC virtual machine. Chapter 4 entails an exhaus-

tive analysis of the debugger. The debugger is embedded within the virtual machine, so

these two chapters are closely related.

Part III — HEC Assembly In the final four chapters, I introduce and discuss topics asso-

ciated with the HEC assembler. I begin in Chapter 5 by investigating the HEC assembler

itself. HEC’s interface to the native operating system is provided by a set of interrupts. Chap-

ter 6 is devoted to enumerating and describing these interrupts. The proper use of HEC’s

assembly language is explained in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 provides some thoughts on how

object-oriented constructs can be implemented in terms of the HEC assembly language.

Companion CD-ROM

Software engineering is not a spectator sport. Eventually you will have to get your hands

dirty. The extent to which you do so is up to you. For those of you who are content to target

and use HEC, I have included a set of binaries on the companion CD-ROM. For those of

you who want to muck about in the source code, I have included the source code to all the

binaries.

I live in California and subsist on a limited, private research budget (i.e., my job). Thus,

I did my initial implementation on Windows. I expect to hear gasps of dismay from the audi

ence, and I can sympathize with them. However, I chose Windows primarily because I think

it is easier to use than KDE or GNOME. The alternative would have been to purchase Sun

hardware, which I can’t afford. This does not mean that HEC is stuck on Windows. Porting

the run-time system is fairly straightforward and discussed in Chapter 8.

Introduction

xvi

Feedback

Nobody is perfect. However, that does not mean that one should not aspire to perfection.

For the most part, learning through direct experience is the best way to obtain intimate

knowledge of a subject. Hindsight is always 20/20, so the goal should be to implement

enough code so that you gain hindsight.

There’s an ancient Oriental game named “Go,” which is so fraught with complexity

that it takes years of careful study to become proficient. The primary advice to beginners is

to “hurry up and lose.” This is the same advice I would give to software engineers. Make

plenty of mistakes while you’re young. Most managers expect young software engineers

to screw up anyway.

This is the advice that I tried to follow while constructing HEC. A couple of years ago,

I dove into the implementation and corrected flaws after I recognized them. If asked to do

it all over again, I know that there are a number of changes that I would make. Alas, even

tually you have to pull the trigger and release your code.

If you discover an error in this book, please drop me a line and let me know. If I had

money, I could offer an award like Don Knuth (pronounced Ka-Nooth). He places a

bounty of $2.56 on each new error that is found in his books (32 cents for useful sugges-

tions). He even goes to the extreme of suggesting that you fund your book purchase by

ferreting out errors. Unfortunately, the high cost of living in California keeps me in a con-

stant state of poverty (I don’t know how Don does it). The best I can do is offer my thanks

and perhaps mention your name in the next edition. You may send corrections, sugges-

tions, and invective diatribes to me at:

Bill Blunden

c/o Wordware Publishing, Inc.

2320 Los Rios Blvd., Suite 200

Plano, Texas 75074

References

Andres, Charles. “CPU Wars.” 1980: http://e-pix.com/CPUWARS/cpuwars.html.

This comic strip is an interesting dose of 1960s software culture. Anyone born after

1969 should read this strip, just to see what they missed while they were infants.

Intel. IA-64 Architecture Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 1: IA-64 Application

Architecture. Order Number 245317-001, January 2000. http://www.intel.com.

This is the first volume of a four-volume set on Intel’s upcoming 64-bit processor.

This volume, in particular, discusses some of the issues with regard to compiler

design. After skimming through this volume, you’ll understand why compiler

design for IA-64 processors is such a complicated task.

Introduction

xvii

剩余688页未读，继续阅读

ljbsdu

粉丝: 204
资源: 147

C/C++虚拟机设计与实现

Virtual Machine Design and Implementation in C++

虚拟机设计与实现 C++

虚拟机的设计与实现—C_C++

Virtua Girl HD 1.0.4.5 2010版（1）

Virtua Girl HD 1.0.4.5 2010版（3）

Virtua Girl HD 1.0.4.5 2010版（2）

本集合包含下列组件: Visual Basic Virtual Machine(5.1) Visual Basic Virtua

Virtua NetUpdate-开源

Virtua Project-开源

Tuning-Garbage-Collection-with-the-5.0-Java-Virtua_jvm_virtua 5

最新资源